Energy and Energy Resources

Energy and Energy Resources

Energy and Energy ResourcesWhat Is Energy (chapter 5 section 1)Energy Conversions ( Chapter 5 sec 2)What is Energy?Energy is the ability to do work Work occurs when a force is applied to an object in the same direction that the object movesEnergy is transferred from one object to another

Kinetic EnergyKinetic energy(KE) is the energy of motionAll moving objects have kinetic energyThe amount of kinetic energy that an object has can be calculated by the following formula:KE= mv2/2 (m = mass v = velocity or speed)The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it hasThe faster an object is moving, the more kinetic energy

Potential EnergyPotential energy is the energy that an object has because of its position; it is STORED ENERGY (has the potential to do work)Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)Elastic Potential Energy

Gravitational Potential EnergyGravitational Potential Energy is energy that is stored due to the gravitational attraction of the Earth on the objectWhen an object is lifted up off of the ground, a force is applied to lift the object. The energy used to lift the object is stored in the objectGPE is calculated with the formulaGPE = Weight X heightUnits = Joules ( newton/meters)

Elastic Potential EnergyEnergy stored as a result of the deformation (changing the shape) of an elastic object Examples:Stretching a springStretching an elastic band

Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy (ME) is the total energy of kinetic(KE)and potential energy (PE)ME = KE + PEAs KE increases, PE decreasesAs KE decreases, PE increasesKinetic and Potential Energy VideoThe Story of Kinetic and Potential EnergyOther Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms)Thermal energy the energy that exists due to the kinetic energy of moving atoms that make up the matter

Other Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms)Chemical energy the energy that comes from the rearrangement arrangement of atoms

Food energy is a type of chemical energy

Electrical energy the energy of moving electrons

Other Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms) Sound energy the energy caused by an objects vibration; travels in wavesMust have a medium (matter) to travel

Light (radiant) energy the energy produced by the vibration of electrically charged particles; exists as a wave and a particleDoes not need a medium to travel; can travel in a vacuum(where the is no matter)

Other Forms of Energy (most can exist as potential and kinetic forms)Nuclear energy the energy that comes from changes in the nucleus of an atomFusion the joining of nuclei

Fission the splitting of nuclei

The Seven Forms of Energy Video Clip

All forms of energy can change (convert) into other forms of energyEnergy conversion is a change from one form of energy to another

Examples of energy conversionsPotential to kinetic Kinetic to potential

Examples of energy conversionsFood energy(chemical) to mechanical or kinetic energy ( cereal for breakfast used to allow you to move)

Conversions Involving Chemical Energy In Plants

Why Energy Conversions Are ImportantEnergy conversions are needed for everything we doWithout energy conversions we could not live or do all the things we doMachines can make work easier by converting energy into the form of energy needed to do the work.Not all energy conversions are useful for the work that you are trying to do some is wasted energyEnergy and Machines