May 25, 2015
1. _____- a substance that provides energy as the result of a chemical change
fuel
2. _______- the ability or capacity to do work
energy
3. ___________________- changing one form of energy to another (EX. Hand rubbing is changing mechanical energy to thermal energy)
energy transformation
4. _____________- burning to release energy
combustion
4b._____________- energy-rich 4b._____________- energy-rich substances in fossil fuelssubstances in fossil fuels
hydrocarbonshydrocarbons
5. ___________- energy-rich substances formed from the remains of dead organisms
fossil fuels
A. Coal-- solid fossil fuel formed from plant remains
Adv.-_______________________
Dis.- ______________________
most abundant fossil fuel
produces air pollution
B. Oil- thick, black liquid formed from the buried remains of __________________________________________Adv.-____________________________Dis.-____________________________
microscopic marine
organismsGood value
for the energy produced
Air pollution;Spills harm environment
1) ___________- another name for crude oil; “petra” means “rock” and “oleum” means “oil”
petroleum
2) _________- factory in which crude oil is heated and separated into fuels and other products
refinery
3) ____________- compounds made
from oil that are used to make plastics,
paints, medicines, and cosmetics
petrochemicals
C. Natural gas- the gaseous state of matter formed from _______ ____________________in ocean sediment; often found in pockets above oil reserves
Adv._______________________
Dis. ________________________
marineorganisms (plankton)
Cleanest of the fossil fuels
Will run out in 50 years
D. ________- by-product of natural gasAdv.- _____________________________________________________Dis.- ________________________
Clean enough to be used on indoor vehicles, like a forklift Very short supply
propane
A. _______- splitting of atoms; uses uranium-235; non-renewable
fission
Adv.- _____________________
Dis.-
no smog, acid rain or greenhouse effect
radiation poisoning, nuclear waste______
B. _______- combines hydrogen atoms; how the sun generates energy
Adv. _________________________
Dis.-
fusion
large amounts of energy from little materiallarge amounts of energy from little material
not practical because of the not practical because of the high temperatures neededhigh temperatures needed
7. Solar energy- energy from the ___; Adv. __________, ______, _____, _______________; Dis.- can be affected by _______, ___________, ________, and ________
sun
weather time of daylatitudeseasons
clean safeinexpensivereadily available
8. water- _____________________; Adv.- clean, no air pollution, inexpensive; Dis.-; dams increase upstream _________ and downstream _______; habitats are flooded
hydroelectric energy
erosionsediment
C:\Documents and Settings\penny.benton\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\Content.IE5\R459JKIP\j0075056[1].wav
9. ____- Adv.-non-polluting, no waste, inexpensive; Dis.-unreliable, ______ pollution
windvisual
10. ______________- burns organic materials such as ____, ________, and _______
biomass energywood alcohol
garbage
A. ____- Dis.-gases released when burned; habitats are destroyed
wood
B. _______- formed from distillation; Adv.- can be mixed with other fuels to make gasoline last longer
alcohol
C. _______- Dis.- burning can produce toxic ash residue and air pollution; Adv.- cheap source of energy; reduces _________________
garbagegarbage
landfill deposits
11. ___________-uses hot magma or hot, dry rocks from within the Earth; Adv.- clean; Dis.-limited availability; high cost
geothermal
12. ____________- power from the rise and fall of the ocean (tides)
Tidal power
13. ___________________- reducing energy useEnergy conservation
A. ___________- the percentage of energy used to perform work
efficiencyefficiency
B. ___________- layer of material that helps block the transfer of heat between
the air outside and inside a building
insulationinsulation
14. ____________- using _____________ to become _________
A. Advantages1. Reduces _______ for new mineral resources2. Uses less _______3. Can be __________
old materialsnew ones
demand
energyprofitable
RecyclingRecycling
B. Disadvantages1. Takes ____
2. Takes _____time
effort