Endocrine system presentation#11

Endocrine SystemEndocrine Systemand Medical Terms Relatedand Medical Terms Related

Sirinthip ThanomphonSirinthip Thanomphon

July 14,2010July 14,2010

GlycosuriaGlycosuria

Is the excretion of glucose into the urine. Is the excretion of glucose into the urine. Also called Also called glucosuriaglucosuria.. Less than 0.1% of glucose normally Less than 0.1% of glucose normally

filtered by the glomeruli appears in the filtered by the glomeruli appears in the urine, and less than 130 mg should urine, and less than 130 mg should appear in the urine over a 24-hour appear in the urine over a 24-hour period. period.

The Possible Causes of GlycosuriaThe Possible Causes of Glycosuria

Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus. Pregnancy.Pregnancy. High sugar diet. High sugar diet. Following a gastrectomy.Following a gastrectomy. Hyperthyroidism.Hyperthyroidism. Liver disease.Liver disease. Raised intracranial Raised intracranial

pressure. pressure. Liver disease. Liver disease.

How to Diagnose GlycosuriaHow to Diagnose Glycosuria Purchase a home urine glucose kit or a vial of test Purchase a home urine glucose kit or a vial of test

strips. strips. Store the strips according to the manufacturer's Store the strips according to the manufacturer's

instructions - this helps to protect them from heat, instructions - this helps to protect them from heat, light and humidity, which can destroy them.light and humidity, which can destroy them.

Collect your urine in a clean dry container or pass Collect your urine in a clean dry container or pass the test strip through the stream of urine as it the test strip through the stream of urine as it leaves your body.leaves your body.

Check the results, which will be indicated by a color Check the results, which will be indicated by a color change on the test pad of the strip.change on the test pad of the strip.

If your glucose level is greater than 10 to 12 If your glucose level is greater than 10 to 12 mmol/L, it means that glucose is being excreted mmol/L, it means that glucose is being excreted into your urine and you have glycosuria. into your urine and you have glycosuria.

See the doctor.See the doctor.

PolyuriaPolyuria

Polyuria is the passage of large volumes Polyuria is the passage of large volumes of urine, at least 2.5 liters over 24 hours of urine, at least 2.5 liters over 24 hours in an adult. in an adult.

Frequent urination is sometimes included Frequent urination is sometimes included by definition.by definition.

But is in any case a usual complication. But is in any case a usual complication. Increased production and passage of Increased production and passage of urine may also be termed “urine may also be termed “diuresis”.

Causes of PolyuriaCauses of Polyuria

Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Primary polydipsia. Primary polydipsia. Central diabetes insipidus.Central diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Anxiety.Anxiety. certain water pills called diuretics.certain water pills called diuretics. Early stage of kidney failure.Early stage of kidney failure. Etc. Etc.

Diagnosis of PolyuriaDiagnosis of Polyuria Physical examinationPhysical examination: :

examine state of hydration examine state of hydration or examine for signs of or examine for signs of complications of Diabetes complications of Diabetes mellitus.mellitus.

Blood testsBlood tests: full blood count : full blood count and ESR or renal function and ESR or renal function tests.tests.

Urine test.Urine test. Radiological investigationsRadiological investigations..

Summary of Endocrine Summary of Endocrine SystemSystem

FunctionFunction

Secreting hormones directly to Secreting hormones directly to bloodstream.bloodstream.

Regulating many body activities such as Regulating many body activities such as metabolic rate, water and mineral metabolic rate, water and mineral balance, immune system reactions, and balance, immune system reactions, and sexual functioning.sexual functioning.

It is instrumental in maintaining It is instrumental in maintaining homeostasis.homeostasis.

Consisting of Endocrine GlandsConsisting of Endocrine Glands

Two adrenal glands.Two adrenal glands. Two Ovaries (in the Two Ovaries (in the

female).female). Two testes (in the male).Two testes (in the male). Four parathyroid glands.Four parathyroid glands. The pancreas.The pancreas. The pineal gland.The pineal gland. Pituitary gland.Pituitary gland. Thymus gland.Thymus gland. Thyroid gland.Thyroid gland.

Endocrine Glands and Their HormonesEndocrine Glands and Their Hormones

Hypothalamus HormonesHypothalamus Hormones

ReferencesReferences

Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht. Frucht. Medical Terminology: a Living Medical Terminology: a Living LanguageLanguage. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: . Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. Print.Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. Print.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glycosuriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glycosuria http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyuriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyuria http://www.wrongdiagnosis.comhttp://www.wrongdiagnosis.com

Reference for PicturesReference for Pictures

www.nlm.nih.gov www.nlm.nih.gov http://medical-dictionary.comhttp://medical-dictionary.com www.rush.eduwww.rush.edu www.ghi.com www.ghi.com www.secrets-about-vitamins.com www.secrets-about-vitamins.com www.ucd.ie www.ucd.ie www.doctorsecrets.comwww.doctorsecrets.com www.nsbri.orgwww.nsbri.org