Emergence of Communist China as an Authoritarian State Authoritarian States IB History 11
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Emergence of Communist China as an Authoritarian State
Authoritarian States IB History 11
Crisis during early 20th Century• In the early 20th Century people in
China were not unified, the government was unstable, and foreign countries had a strong influence in China.
• A Nationalist Government was founded in 1912, but China remained divided and politically unstable.
• The government only maintained control over parts of Chinese territories, with regional war lords controlling areas of the country until 1928.
Rise of Mao and the Communist Party• The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was
established in 1921, and collaborated with the Nationalist Government of China until 1927.
• After 1927 the CCP began to establish their own military bases and took control of areas of China.
• By 1935 Mao Zedong emerged as the leader of the CCP and began to implement his ideas as the official policies of the party and in the areas of China the CCP controlled.
• From 1945-1949 the CCP fought and won a civil war against the Nationalist Government and established the People’s Republic of China as a communist country.
Mao and Communist Ideology• Mao’s Communist Ideology was based on
the following principles:
• He believed that Chinese communism was based on improving the lives of poor farmers.
• He also believed that a there would be two-part communist revolution led by poor farmers:
• First, peasant farmers would rise-up against wealthy land/business owners.
• Second, other Chinese citizens would volunteer to join the poor famrers in the revolution.
Mao’s China was Communist • Mao’s government was based on the Chinese Communist
Party (CCP).
• Communism is a form of government and economy that tries to create social equality through:
• government ownership of all wealth
• redistributing the wealth equally
• having only one political party, the Communist Party.
• For instance, Mao believed that deep social inequalities existed in China, especially between poor farmers and wealthy land/business owners. His policies were intended to improve the standard of living for poor farmers.
• However, he used any power necessary to implement his policies, eventually destroying the standard of living for many Chinese people in the process.
Research Simulation• The standard of living of poor
farmers in China was the motivation for Mao to establish a communist government in China.
• If you were a middle or upper class Chinese person would you support Mao’s effort to improve things for poor farmers in China or would you be afraid that your standard of living would be suffer as a result?
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