Email ke 2 anatomi.docx

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Email ke 2 anatomi

3.Descending fibers of the medial longitudinal

fasciculus (MLF) arise from all of

the following structures except the

A. inferior colliculus

B. Cajal's intersitial nucleus

C medial vestibular nucleus

D. pontine reticular formation

E. superior colliculus

4.The intracranial dura is innervated by

I. cranial nerve V

11. upper cervical spinal nerves

111. cranial nerve X

IV. cranial nerve VII

A. I, 11, I11

B. I, 111

C. 11, IVD. IV

E. all of the aboveQ5Which structure does not pass through the orbitaltendinous ring (Zinn'sanulus)?A. frontal nerve

B. superior division of 111


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C. abducens nerveD. nasociliary nerveE. inferior division of 111

All of the following can be seen in ulnar nerveentrapment at the wrist exceptA. motor deficits in the adductor pollicisB. motor deficits in the deep head of the flexor pollicisbrevisC. motor deficits in the third and fourth lumbricalsD. sensory deficits in the dorsum of the handE. sensory deficits in the palmar surface of the

hypothenar eminence6. Which of the following is true of the occipital eyefield?A. It is localized to a relatively small area.B. It subserves pursuit eye movements that are largelyvoluntary.C. Lesions in this area are associated with transientdeviation of the eyes

away from the side of the lesion.D. The threshold for excitation in this area is lower thanin the frontaleye fields.E. With lesions in this area, the patient can direct theeyes to a particularlocation on command7. The anterior choroidal artery supplies portions of

each of the following structures

except the

A. amygdala

B. globus pallidus


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C. hippocampus

D. hypothalamus

E. internal capsule

8. Efferent fibers from the dentate nuclei

A. are somatopically arranged in the thalamus with the

head represented

laterally and caudal body parts medially

B. influence activity of motor neurons in the

contralateral cerebral cortex

C. leave the cerebellum via the middle cerebellar

peduncle

D. mainly terminate in the red nucleus

E. project to the ipsilateral ventral lateral thalamic nuclei

9. Each of the following is true of the

fornix exceptA. It is the main efferent fiber system of

the hippocampus.

B. Postcommissural fibers of the fornix

project to the mammillary bodies.

C. The columns of the fornix lie anterior to

the anterior commmissure.

D. The body of the fornix runs to the

rostral margin of the thalamus.


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E. The fornical commissure (psalterium) is

rostral to the anterior commissure

10. The efferent projections of the

arcuate nucleus are most closelyassociated with the

A. mammillary bodiesB. median eminence

C. nucleus of the diagonal bandD. posterior hypophysis

E. supraoptic nucleus

11. Regions of the striate cortex that do not containocular dominance columns arethose representing theI. fovea11. blind spot of the retina111. maculaIV. monocular temporal crescent of the visual fieldA. I, 11.111

B. I, I11c. 11, IVD. IV12. Each of the following is true of the supplemental

motor cortex (MII) except

A. Some of the neurons project directly to the spinal

cord.

B. The body is somatopically represented.

C. The neurons in this area exhibit movement-related

activity only if the


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motor task is performed with the contralateral limbs.

D. The threshold for stimulation is higher than for the

primary motor

cortex (MI).

E. Unilateral ablations produce no permanent deficit in

the maintenance of

posture or capacity for movement.

13. Each is true of dorsolateral fibers entering the

dorsolateral spinal cord except

A. Root fibers of spinal ganglia separate into a medial

and lateral bundle.

B. The central processes of each dorsal root ganglion

divide into both

ascending and descending branches.

C The lateral bundle conveys impulses from free nerve

endings.

D. The medial bundle consists of thinly myelinated or

unmyelinated fibers,


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whereas the lateral bundle is thickly myelinated.

E. The medial bundle conveys impulses from Golgi

tendon organs.

14. Which of the following does the ulnar nerve

innervate?

I. pronator quadratus

11. flexor pollicis longus

111. opQonens pollicis

IV. adductor pollicis

A. I, 11, 111

B. I, 111

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

Which of the following structures is not present on a

transverse section of the

medulla taken at midolive?

A. accessory cuneate nucleus I


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B. dorsal nucleus of X

C. nucleus ambiguus

D. nucleus of the solitary tract

E. superior vestibular nucleus

All of the following can be seen in ulnar nerve

entrapment at the wrist except

A. motor deficits in the adductor pollicis

B. motor deficits in the deep head of the flexor pollicis

brevis

C. motor deficits in the third and fourth lumbricals

D. sensory deficits in the dorsum of the hand

E. sensory deficits in the palmar surface of the

hypothenar eminence

Which of the following fiber tracts is not a part of the

limbic system?

A. diagonal band of Broca

B. fornix

C. mammillothalamic tract


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D. medial forebrain bundle

E. thalamic fasciculus

The secondary somatic sensory area (SII) is located ontheA. medial surface of the superior frontal gyrusB. medial surface of the superior parietal lobuleC. superior bank of the lateral sulcusD. ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamusE. same area as the primary somatic sensory area

Which of the following is not seen with a lesion of thefacial nerve immediatelydistal to the geniculate ganglion?A. hyperacusisB. impairment of lacrimationC. impairment of salivary secretionsD. loss of taste in the anterior two thirds of the tongueE. paralysis of ipsilateral facial muscles

Each of the following is true of the fornixexcept

A. It is the main efferent fiber system of

the hippocampus.

B. Postcommissural fibers of the fornix

project to the mammillary bodies.

C. The columns of the fornix lie anterior to

the anterior commmissure.

D. The body of the fornix runs to therostral margin of the thalamus.

E. The fornical commissure (psalterium) is

rostral to the anterior commissure

The external urethral sphincter is innervated byA. parasympathetic pelvic nervesB. somatic pudendal nervesC. sympathetic hypogastric nerves


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D. AandB,E. BandCQRegions of the brain devoid of a blood-brain barrier

(circumventricular organs)include each of the following except

A. indusium griseum

B. median eminence

C. organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis

D. pineal gland

E. subfornicat organ

Uncrossed fibers of the optic tract terminate on which

layers of the lateral

geniculate?

A. 1.3, and 5

B. 1,4, and 6

C. 2,3, and 5

D. 2,4, and 6

E. 2,5. and 6

Each of the following is true of corticobulbar fibers

except

A. Fibers projecting to the posterior column nuclei leave

the pyramids and

enter these nuclei via the medial lemniscus or reticular


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formation.

B. Fibers projecting to trigeminal sensory nuclei and the

nucleus solitarius

are derived predominantly from frontoparietal cortical

areas.

C. Pseudobulbar palsy can result from unilateral lesions

involving

corticobulbar fibers.

D. The supranuclear innervation of motor cranial nerve

nuclei is largely bilateral.

E. Unilateral lesions involving corticobulbar fibers

produce paralysis of

contralateral lower facial muscles only.

The palmar interosseus muscles

A. abduct the fingersB. adduct the fingersC. extend the metacarpophalangeal joints and flex theinterphalangeal jointsD. flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend theinterphalangeal jointsE. perform none of the abov


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The sciatic nerve supplies each of the following

muscles in part or in whole

except the

A. adductor magnus

B. biceps femoris (short head) I

C. gluteus maximus

D. semimembranous

E. semitendinou

Regions of the striate cortex that do not contain ocular

dominance columns are

those representing the

I. fovea

11. blind spot of the retina

111. macula

IV. monocular temporal crescent of the visual field

A. I, 11.111

B. I, I11


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c. 11, IV

D. IV

The syndrome of posteroinferior cerebellar artery

(PICA) occlusion consists of ,

each of the following except

A. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the

body

B. contralateral loss of pain and temperature in the

face

-

C. ipsilateral paralysis of the pharynx and larynx

D. ipsilateral Horner's syndrome

E. persistent hiccup

Each of the following characterizes a pathway involved

in the pupillary light reflex except

A. Crossed and uncrossed fibers of the optic tract

terminate on the lateral geniculate body.

B. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus


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cross in the posterior commissure and end in visceral

cell columns of the oculomotor nerve complex.

C. Efferent fibers from the pretectal olivary nucleus

cross ventral to the cerebral aqueduct and end in the

visceral cell columns of the oculomotor complex.

D. Postganglionic fibers from the ciliary ganglion project

to the sphincter of the iris.

E. Preganglionic fibers from the nuclei of the

oculomotor complex travel with fibers of the third nerve

and synapse in the ciliary ganglion.

The choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle can be found

I. in the caudal aspect of the roof (inferior medullary

velum)

11. in the cranial aspect of the roof (superior medullary

velum)

111. in the lateral recess (of Luschka)

IV. on the floor

A. I, 11, 111


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B. I, 111

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

The median nerve innervates each of the following

muscles except the

A. adductor pollicis

B. flexor carpi radialis

C. opponens pollicis

D. palmaris longus

E. pronator teres

Afferent sources of fiber pathways to the septal nuclei

include the

I. amygdala

11. hypothalamus

111. hippocampus

IV. basal ganglia

*


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A. I, 11,111

B. 1.111

C. 11. N

D. IV

E. all of the above

The anterior choroidal artery supplies parts of the

I. caudate nucleus

11. optic tract

Ill. thalamus

IV. anterior limb of the internal capsule

A. I, 11, I11

B. I, I11

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

A lesion affecting the left optic tract will be manifested

by a deficit in the

A. nasal half of the visual field of both eyes


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B. nasal half of the right visual field and temporal half of

the left visual field

C no deficit unless the right optic tract was also

affected

D. temporal half of the visual field of both eyes

E. temporal half of the right visual field and nasal half of


Which of the following is not an afferent connection of

the basal ganglia?

A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus

B. cerebral cortex to putamen

C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus

D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidus

E. thalamus to caudate nucleus

Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from

the

A. amygdala

B. anterior hypothalamus


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C. arcuate nucleus

D. habenula

E. septal nuclei

The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following

except the

A. amygdala

B. caudate

C. claustrum

D. globus pallidus

E. putamen


by a deficit in the





affected



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Weakness gf the coracobrachialis muscle results from

impairment of the

A. axillary nerve

B. dorsal scapular nerve

C. median nerve

D. musculocutaneous nerve

E. suprascapular nerve

Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that

interconnect homologous cortical

areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer

A. I

B. I1

C. 111

D. IV

E. V

Which of the following is not an afferent connection of the

basal ganglia?


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A. cerebral cortex to globus pallidus

B. cerebral cortex to putamen

C. substantia nigra to caudate nucleus

D. subthalamic nucleus to globus pallidusE. thalamus to caudate nucleus

Neural crest derivatives include all of the following

except the

A. adrenal medulla

B. dorsal root ganglion of cranial and spinal nerves

C. neurons of the cerebral cortex

D. pigmented layers of the retina

E. sympathetic ganglia of the autonomic nervous

system

Which of the following progressions from primary

vesicle to secondary

vesicle to adult derivative is correct?

A. mesencephalon to rhomboencephalon to medulla

B. prosencephalon to diencephalon to midbrain

C. prosencephalon to telencephalon to thalami

D. rhomboencephalon to metencephalon to cerebellum

E. rhomboencephalon to myelencephalon to pons


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Major striatal efferent projections include

A. amygdala and globus pallidus

B. globus pallidus and substantia nigra

C. substantia nigra and amygdala

D. substantia nigra and thalamus

E. thalamus and globus pallidus


by a deficit in the





affected




Cells that give rise to commissural fibers that

interconnect homologous cortical


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areas via the corpus callosum are found in layer

A. I

B. I1

C. 111

D. IV

E. V


I. caudate nucleus

11. optic tract

Ill. thalamus


A. I, 11, I11

B. I, I11

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above


except the


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A. adrenal medulla





system

Fibers from the nucleus ambiguus make contribution to

I. cranial nerve IX

11. cranial nerve XI

111. cranial nerve X

IV. cranial nerve VII

A. I, 11,111

B. I, I11

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

Functional components of the facial and intermediate

nerves include


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I. general somatic afferent fibers

11. general visceral afferent fibers

111. special visceral afferent fibers

IV. special visceral efferent fibers

A. I, 11, I11

B. I, 111

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located

A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies

B. dorsal to the habenula

C. lateral to the infundibulum

D. ventral to the infundibulum

E. ventral to the mammillary bodies

The infundibular recess of the third ventricle is located

A. dorsal to the mammillary bodies

B. dorsal to the habenula


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C. lateral to the infundibulum

D. ventral to the infundibulum

E. ventral to the mammillary bodies

Lesions of the lateral lemniscus produce

A. bilateral complete deafness

B. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the contralateral

ear

C. bilateral partial deafness, greater in the ipsilateral

ear

D. unilateral, contralateral deafness

E. unilateral, ipsilateral deafness

Fibers in the superior cerebellar peduncle synapse in

which of the following

thalamic nuclei?

I. ventral anterior

11. ventral lateral

111. rostra1 interlaminar nuclei

IV. ventral posterolateral


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A. I, 11, Ill

B. I, 111

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

The limbic lobe is composed of all the following except

the

A. amygdala

B. cingulate gyrus

C. dentate gyms

D. parahipp&al gyrus

E. subcallosal gyrus

Most of the fibers of the stria terminalis originate from

the

A. amygdala

B. anterior hypothalamus

C. arcuate nucleus


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D. habenula

E. septal nuclei

The telencephalon gives rise to each of the following

except the

A. amygdala

B. caudate

C. claustrum

D. globus pallidus

E. putamen

The most significant contribution to the nasal septum is

made by the

A. ethmoid and frontal bones

B. ethmoid and sphenoid bones

C. ethmoid and vomer bones

D. frontal and vomer bones

E. sphenoid and vomer bones

The posterior interosseus nerve innervates the

A. abductor pollicis brevis


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B. abductor pollicis longus

C adductor pollicis

D. flexor pollicis longus

E. opponens pollicis

The internal cerebral vein receives each of the following

veins except the

A. choroidal vein

B. epithalamic vein

C. great cerebral vein of Calen

D. septa1 vein

E. thalamostriate vein

The striate cortex corresponds to area

A. 17

B. 18

C. 19

D. 41

E. 42


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The internal capsule is supplied by branches of the

1. middle cerebral artery

11. anterior cerebral artery

111. internal carotid artery

IV. posterior cerebral artery

A. I. 11, I11

B. I, 111

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

A discrete unilateral lesion of the abducens nucleusproduces paralysis ofmovement ofA. both eyes away from the lesionB. both eyes toward the lesionC. the contralateral eye toward the lesionD. the ipsilateral eye away frorn the lesion

E. the ipsilateral eye toward the lesionPostganglionic parasympathetic fibers destined for thelacrimal gland arederived frorn theA. geniculate ganglionB. otic ganglionC. pterygopalatine ganglionD. sublingual ganglion

E. submandibular ganglion


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Weakness gf the coracobrachialis muscle results fromimpairment of theA. axillary nerve

B. dorsal scapular nerveC. median nerveD. musculocutaneous nerveE. suprascapular nerveFibers originating in the substantia nigra synapse on

each of the following

structures excqt the

A. caudate

B. globus pallidus

C. putamen

D. superior colliculus

E. thalamus

The blood-brain barrier is formed by (the)

A. astrocytic foot processes

B. basement membrane

C ependymal lining cells

D. microglia .

E. tight junctions of the capillary endothelium


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Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the

posterior longitudi-

nal ligament?

A. anterior atlanto-occipital membrane

B. apical ligament

C. cruciate ligament

D. tectorial ligament

E. transverse ligament


except the

A. adrenal medulla





system

The facial nerve innervates all of the following muscles

except the


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A. anterior belly of the digastric

B. buccinator

C. platysma

D. stapedius

E. stylohyoid

The nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk is

formed from the

A. chondrification of the centrum of the vertebral body

B. myotome

C. notochord

D. primitive streak

E. sclerotome

The primary olfactory cortex is located in the

A. anterior perforated substance

B. entorhinal cortex

C. mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus

D. orbitofrontal cortex

E. pyriform cortex


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Each of the following cell groups is derived from the alar

plate except the

A. nucleus ambiguus

B. principal sensory nucleus of CN V

C. solitary nucleus

D. spinal trigeminal nucleus


I. caudate nucleus

11. optic tract

Ill. thalamus


A. I, 11, I11

B. I, I11

C. 11, IV

D. IV

E. all of the above

E. vestibular nucleus


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A unilateral lesion of the trochlear nerve produces

maximal diplopia on

A. downgaze to the opposite side

B. downgaze to the same side

C. upgaze to the opposite side

D. upgaze to the same side

E. lateral gaze to the opposite side

Movement of molecules across the blood-brain barrier

involves

A. active transport requiring energy

B. carrier-mediated transport

Cboth

D. neither

Which of the following most closely characterizes the

tuberohypophysial

tract?

A. arcuate mcleus to median eminence

B. arcuate nucleus to posterior hypophysis


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C. dorsomedial nucleus to posterior hypophysis

D. supraoptic nucleus to median eminence

E. supraoptic nucleus to posterior hypophysis

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