Electricity ppt

ELECTRIC SHORTAGE IN INDIA

Submitted By: Anoop Mishra (12201005)

Chandra Prakash (12201011)

Liza Bariha (12201020)

Sudhir Kumar(12201038)

The electricity sector in India had an installed capacity of 223.625 GW as of April 2013,the world's fifth largest.

Captive power plants generate an additional 34.444 GW. Non Renewable Power Plants constitute 87.55% of the installed capacity and 12.45% of Renewable Capacity.   

Installed electricity capacity:- Coal-fired plants account for 57% . Hydro plant accounts for 19%, renewable energy for 12% . natural gas for about 9%. Others 3% Per capita average annual consumption in India - 96 kWh in rural areas & 288 kWh in urban areas

Worldwide per capita annual average consumption - 2600 kWh India -world's fourth largest energy consumer after United States, China and Russia.

Current scenario

Total generation capacity in India:181,558 MW

State contribution: 83,314 MW

Central contribution: 56,573 MW

Private Sector : 41,672

MW

Current scenario

India mainly depend upon the Thermal power plants (55 %) for Electricity generation.

Hydropower plant , second largest generating capacity for Electricity .

Gas power plant accounting 10 % for Electricity generations .

All India Installed Generating Capacity

Per-capita consumption in states of India

STATES/UT KWH

1. Daman & N Haveli

11863.64

2. Goa 2263.63

3.Pondicherry 1711.54

4. Delhi 1654.28

5. Gujarat 1615.21

India average per capita consumption :

771.23 kwh

GROWTH OF ALL INDIA TOTAL ELECTRICITY  CONSUMPTION

SECTORS PROBLEMS MAJOR AREAS

Industrial & Commercial Sectors

1. Install own power back-up, increased their cost of production & also increased operation expenses .

2. diesel demand increases imports , which in turn increases current account deficit

Medical , hospital , schools , stations , Transportation &

factories

Domestic Sectors Regular routine disrupt Household’s (Rural & Urban)

Agriculture Sectors increased cost of production, Indebtness

Irrigation , Harvesting

Effects of Electricity shortage

Trend Analysis

2005-06 to 2010-11

Trend Analysis

During the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped availability. Both in terms of base load energy and peak availability. Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355 MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall. In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus state.

Trend Analysis

80% of Indian villages have at least an electricity line. Just 52.5% of rural households have access to electricity. In urban areas, the access to electricity is 93.1%. The overall electrification rate in India is 64.5% while 35.5% of the population still live without access to electricity.

Trend Analysis

During the year 2010–11, demand for electricity in India far outstripped availability. Both in terms of base load energy and peak availability. Base load requirement was 861,591 (MU) against availability of 788,355 MU, a 8.5% deficit. During peak loads, the demand was for 122 GW against availability of 110 GW, a 9.8% shortfall. In late 2011 newspaper articles, Gujarat was declared a power surplus state.

Trend Analysis

Electricity is the main source of lighting for 53% of rural households compared to 36% in 1993. The electrical energy demand for 2016–17 is expected to be at least 1392 Tera Watt Hours, with a peak electric demand of 218 GW. The electrical energy demand for 2021–22 is expected to be at least 1915 Tera Watt Hours, with a peak electric demand of 298 GW.

Reason of Increasing Demand

India's manufacturing sector is likely to grow faster than in the past.

Domestic demand will increase more rapidly as the quality of life for more Indians improve.

About 125,000 villages are likely to get connected to India's electricity grid. Currently blackouts and load shedding artificially suppresses demand.

Transportation.

Increasing Population.

Agriculture.

Causes of Power Shortage

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Transmission & distribution Factor

India's T&D network losses exceeded 32% in 2010.

Technical losses like faulty meters are about 15% to 20% that underestimate actual consumption also contribute to reduced payment collection.

Non‐technical losses are caused by illegal tapping of lines.

Supply Factor

Production factor

India's electricity sector consumes about 80% of the coal produced in the country A large part of Indian coal reserve is of low calorific value and high ash content. India's coal supply consume about 0.7 kg of coal to generate a kWh, whereas United States thermal power plants consume about 0.45 kg of coal per kWh Lack of initiative to develop large coal and natural gas resources present in India Land acquisition, environmental clearances at state and central government level. Unskilled manpower Facing problem in operating latest technology plants

Causes of Power Shortage

http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/site/home.aspx. http://www.cea.nic.in/ http://powermin.nic.in/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Power_(India)

Reference:-

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