Natalia Villavicencio 1 , Emily Lindsey 1 , Anthony D. Barnosky 1 , Charles Marshall 1 Enrique Bostelmann 2 (and much credit to Fabiana Martín 3 and Luis Borrero 4 ) 1 UC Berkeley, USA 2 Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Uruguay 3 CEHA, IPA, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile 4 CONICET, Argentina Ecological state change and megafaunal extinctions in southern Patagonia, South America
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Ecological state change and megafaunal extinctions in ... · Natalia Villavicencio1, Emily Lindsey1, Anthony D. Barnosky1, Charles Marshall1! Enrique Bostelmann2 (and much credit
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Natalia Villavicencio1, Emily Lindsey1, Anthony D. Barnosky1, Charles Marshall1!Enrique Bostelmann2 (and much credit to Fabiana Martín3 and Luis Borrero4)!
!1UC Berkeley, USA 2Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Uruguay!
3CEHA, IPA, Universidad de Magallanes, Chile 4CONICET, Argentina!
Ecological state change and megafaunal extinctions in southern Patagonia, South America!
Joaquin Arroyo-‐Cabrales Jessica Blois Luis Borrero Enrique Bostelman Jose Capriles Flores Edward Davis Rodolfo Dirzo Tom Guilderson Elizabeth Hadly Melissa Kemp Claudio Latorre Fabiana MarGn Jean Noel MarInez Greg McDonald Chris Moy Alexis Mychajliw Gustavo PoliIs Jose Prado Ricardo Souberlich Ascanio Rincon Blaine Schubert Tom Stafford Anna Thanukos Lisa White
South America Holds Promising Information!• Most taxa lost in Quaternary megafauna extinctions!• Archaeological and paleoclimate records available !• Temporal overlap between Climate change, human arrival and extinctions!• Extinction chronology shows interesting pattern!
Barnosky et al., 2004
Southern Patagonia
Pollen record site
Lago Guanaco Torres del Paine
Río Rubens
Cerro Benítez, ÚlAma Esperanza sites
Luis Borrero
Fabiana MarGn
Archeological Paleontological sites
Cuevas Lago SoLa 1 y 4
Cueva Escondida
Alero Dos Herraduras
Cueva del Milodón
Cueva del Medio
Cueva Chica Alero Pedro Cárdenas
Cerro Benítez
Holocene
Late Pleistocene
Role of biotic versus abiotic drivers in causing ecological state changes?!
• 3 megafauna species!
!• Many humans!• Warmer!• Forest/shrubland dominant!
But not the same over all of South America … future work!
Barnosky and Lindsey 2010
Next Steps!• More radiocarbon dates to tighten megafauna
extinction chronology!
• Ecosystem modeling to understand how many animals per species would have to disappear per generation in order to cause extinction over hundreds or thousands of years!
• Comparisons with other regions of South America!