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eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective 图图图图图图图 图图图图图 图图图 书书书 Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community 蜕蜕 蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕 Koguan Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕 January 6, 2014 2014蜕1蜕6蜕 Michael Levine-Clark Associate Dean for Scholarly Communication and Collections Services University of Denver Libraries Michael LEVINE‐CLARK 蜕蜕 蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕 蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕蜕
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eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8 michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

May 17, 2015

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Levine-Clark, Michael, “eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective,” Invited. Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community, Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, January 6, 2014.

Levine-Clark, Michael, “eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective,” Invited. Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community, Beijing University, Beijing, January 9, 2014.

eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective 图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响

Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community
蜕变:为不断发展的学术界打造全新的图书馆
Koguan Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
上海交通大学凯原法学院
January 6, 2014
2014年1月6日
Beijing University
北京大学
January 9, 2014
2014年1月9日

Michael Levine-Clark
Associate Dean for Scholarly Communication and Collections Services
University of Denver Libraries
Michael LEVINE‐CLARK 教授
丹佛大学图书馆学术交流与馆藏服务部副教务长
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Page 1: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective

图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响

Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community蜕变:为不断发展的学术界打造全新的图书馆Koguan Law School, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

上海交通大学凯原法学院January 6, 20142014 年 1 月 6 日

Michael Levine-ClarkAssociate Dean for Scholarly Communication and Collections Services

University of Denver LibrariesMichael LEVINE CLARK ‐ 教授

丹佛大学图书馆学术交流与馆藏服务部副教务长

Page 2: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective

图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响

Transforming Libraries for an Enriching Community蜕变:为不断发展的学术界打造全新的图书馆

Beijing University北京大学

January 9, 20142014年1月9日

Michael Levine-ClarkAssociate Dean for Scholarly Communication and Collections Services

University of Denver LibrariesMichael LEVINE CLARK ‐ 教授

丹佛大学图书馆学术交流与馆藏服务部副教务长

Page 3: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Library Acquisitions图书馆采购

Page 4: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

We’re Moving As Fast As We Can!快速变化的需求

• eBooks preferred• 优先考虑电子书• More is better• 数量越多越好• Ownership doesn't

matter • 所有权不再重要

Page 5: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Monograph Purchase Trends, University of Denver

丹佛大学专著类图书购买趋势 -- 纸本书

FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 20130

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Print Books Acquired

Page 6: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Purchase Trends, University of Denver丹佛大学购买趋势

FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013$0

$200,000

$400,000

$600,000

$800,000

$1,000,000

$1,200,000

$1,400,000

$1,600,000

e STL

e Subscription

e Purchase

Print

Page 7: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)
Page 8: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Types of eBook Acquisition电子书采购方式

• Direct purchase 直接购买– Title-by-title 单本挑选– Package 打包购买

• Subscription 订购– Package 打包订购

• Demand-Driven Acquisition 按需采购– Unowned 无授权– STL – Purchase 购买

eBooks in the Catalog by Acquisition Method

573243; 58%

253765; 26%

153302; 16%

Perpetual Access

Subscription

DDA Available

494,609 (50.5%) titles published since 1950

Page 9: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Implications of this Shift采购趋势变化的启示

• Larger collections 大套书• Less permanence 周期短– We need to develop solutions

• Portico, LOCKSS, what else?

• Unintended consequences? 预期之外的后果?– Harder for publishers?– Fewer books published?

Page 10: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

What does this mean for our users?对读者来说这意味着什么?

Page 11: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Duke University Press eBooks杜克大学出版社电子书

• Added October 2008• 2008 年 10 月订购• Loaded MARC records December 2008• 2008 年 12 月载入 MARC 数据• Purchase all e/p• 购买全部纸本和电子书• 1,480 e-books• 1,480 本电子书

– Frontlist approximately 120 per year– 每年约 120 本新书– Backlist– 再版书

• 2,416 p-books• 2,416 本纸本书

– Many predate the e-book collection– 大部分纸本书出版年早于电子书出版年

• 1,150 in both formats• 1,150 本纸本和电子两种形式

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The Data数据

• Gathered circulation data • 集成流通数据

– Through December 2008– 2008 年 12 月起– Each subsequent December (2009-2012)– 2009-2012 年每年 12 月– Cumulative– 累积统计

• Compiled e-book use data• 电子书使用数据形式

– At end of each year, 2009-2012– 2009-2012 每年年底– For each year– 当年数据

Page 13: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Apples and Oranges• pBook checkouts• 纸本书借阅

– Undergrad: 3 weeks– 本科生: 3 个星期– Grad: 10 weeks– 研究生: 10 个星期– Faculty: 1 year

– 教师: 1 年– Potentially many uses per checkout, and some when deciding to checkout– 每次借阅会有多次潜在使用,考虑是否借阅时也会产生使用

• eBook use• 电子书使用

– One time accessing the book is one use– 每次访问即一次使用

Page 14: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

eBooks电子书

• User Sessions• 访问量

– 588 titles used (39.7%)– 558 本书( 39.7% )– 5,149 sessions– 5,149 次访问

• 8.8 per title used• 平均每本书使用 8.8 次• 3.5 per title in the collection• 平均每套书使用 3.5 次

– 892 titles not used– 892 本书访问量为 0

• Pages Viewed• 页面访问

– Total pages: 35,236– 共 35,236 页– Average (for books used): 59.9– 平均每本书使用 59.9 次– Highest: 2,861– 使用量最多的书被访问 2,861 次

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eBooks电子书

• Pages Printed• 打印页面

– 68 titles– 68 本书– Total pages: 3,244– 共 3,244 页– Average: 47.7 pages– 平均每本书 47.7 页– Highest: 380– 最多的一本书有 380 页

• Pages Copied• 复印页面

– 54 titles– 54 本书– Total pages: 640– 共 640 页– Average: 11.9 pages– 平均每本书 11.9 页– Highest: 64– 最高一本书有 64 页

Page 16: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

pBooks纸本书

• 1,528 titles used (63.2%)• 共使用 1,528 本书( 63.2% )• 903 titles used since Dec 2008 (37.4%)• 2008 年 12 月后共使用 903 本书

( 37.4% )• 4,611 checkouts (2,930 before Dec 2008)• 4,611 次借出(其中 2,930 本于 2008 年 12

月之前)– 3.0 per title used– 平均每本书使用 3 次– 1.9 per title– 全部书目平均使用 1.9 次– 1.1 per title (post 2008 use)– 平均每本书 1.1 次( 2008 年后被使用图书)– 0.7 per title (post 2008)– 平均每本书 0.7 次( 2008 年后)

Page 17: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Dual Format Availability: A Preference for Print双重格式:纸本书优先

• 1,150 titles available in both formats• 1,150 本书双重格式• Print Use• 纸本书使用

– 619 titles checked out since Dec 2008 (53.8%)– 2008 年 12 月后 619 本被借出( 53.8% )– 825 titles checked out (including before Dec 2008) (71.7%)– 2008 年 12 月前 825 本书被借出( 71.7% )

• Electronic Use• 电子书使用

– 451 titles with user sessions (39.2%)– 451 本书有访问量( 39.2% )

Page 18: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Dual Format Use双重格式使用

• 394 titles used in both formats• 394 本书纸本和电子书都被使用

– 4,221 user sessions – 4,221 次访问量

• 10.7 per title used• 平均每本书 10.7 次

– 1,524 p-book checkouts (801 before Dec 2008)– 1,524 次借出(其中 801 次为 2008 年 12 月前)

• 3.9 per title used (1.8 for uses since 2008)• 平均每本书使用 3.9 次( 2008 年后平均使用 1.8 次)

– 54 titles with pages printed (out of 68)– 54 本书页面被打印(共 68 本)

• 7.4 pages per title used• 平均每本书 7.4 次

– 68.4 pages viewed on average– 平均 68.4 页

Page 19: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Dual Format Use post-20082008 年后双重格式的使用

• 332 titles used in both formats• 332 本书有纸本和电子两种格式

– 3981 user sessions – 共 3981 次访问量

• 12.3 per title used• 平均每本书使用 12.3 次

– 712 p-book checkouts– 712 本纸本书被借出

• 2.2 per title used• 平均每本书被借出 2.2 次

– 48 titles with pages printed (out of 68)– 48 本书被打印(共 68 本)

• 8.3 pages per title used• 平均每本书 8.3 页

– 72.0 pages viewed on average– 平均每本 72.0 次被查看

Page 20: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

P Used, E Not仅有纸本使用量的书目

• 431 titles• 共 431 本书

– 1,004 checkouts– 1,004 次借出

• 2.3 per title used• 平均每本 2.3 次

– 297 titles with checkouts since 2008

– 2008 年起共 297 本书• 479 checkouts• 479 次被借出

– 1.6 per title used– 平均每本被借 1.6 次

Page 21: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

E Used, P Not仅有电子使用量的书目

• 57 titles• 共 57 本书• 246 user sessions• 246 次访问量

– 4.3 per title– 平均每本书 4.3 次

• 906 pages viewed• 906 页有访问

– 15.9 per title– 平均每本书 15.9 页

• 3 titles with pages printed• 3 本书有页面被打印

Page 22: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

eBook Use电子书使用(每本书访客量)

Page 23: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

eBook Use电子书使用(每本书浏览量)

Page 24: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Print Use纸本书使用(每本书借阅 )

Page 25: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

How Closely Are P/E Usage Linked?电子书与纸本书的使用是如何紧密关联的?

Page 26: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Increased Checkouts, 2008-20122008-2012 年借阅量增加

• For titles available at the start of the project (Dec 2008), how many more checkouts were there by Dec 2012?

• 2008 年 12 月起已购图书截止 2012 年 12 月增加多少次借阅量?

• Was that increase linked in any way to e-usage?• 增加的借阅量与电子书使用是否相关?• Was it linked in any way to type of e-usage?• 增加的借阅量与电子书类型是否相关?

Page 27: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Increased Checkouts 2008-20122008-2012 年借阅量增加

• 686 titles with increased checkouts• 686 本书借阅量增加

– Measuring titles available prior to Dec 2008– 以 2008 年 12 月已购图书为参考

• 408 available in both formats• 408 本书有纸本和电子两种版本• 235 also had e-use• 235 本书有电子访问量

– 15.5 user sessions per title– 平均每本书 15.5 次访问– 81.2 pages viewed per title– 平均每本书被访问 81.2 页

Page 28: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Observations

• Use of E may lead to use of P• 电子书访问量会增加纸本书使用• Use of P doesn’t seem to lead to use of E• 纸本书使用不会增加电子书访问• If both formats are used,• 纸本和电子都被使用的图书中

– they are both used at a higher rate than average– 纸本和电子使用率都会增加– They have greater meaningful use as e-books– 电子书使用更有意义

• Pages viewed• User sessions

Page 29: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Thoughts

• If dual format usage is higher by all measures, does this mean that people’s preference is for good content, not format?

• 如果双重形式的图书使用率更高,是否意味着人们更倾向于内容,而非形式?

BUT• When both formats are available, print is more likely to be

used (53.8% vs 39.2%).• 如果双重形式并存,纸本书使用率更高(纸本书 53.8% ,电子书

39.2% )– Does e-discovery drive p-use?– 电子书使用是否会增加纸本书使用?

Page 30: eBooks’ Impact on Print: A Library Perspective图书馆视角下电子书对纸本图书的影响8   michael levine clark e-books' impact on print(eng-cn)

Thank You

Michael Levine-ClarkAssociate Dean for Scholarly Communication and Collections

ServicesUniversity of Denver [email protected]