eBook - Real story behind Army Chief Gen VK Singh's age row

8/2/2019 eBook - Real story behind Army Chief Gen VK Singh's age row

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nlaxr pom w}glp}i ae zvaecp fmclh ig`m fs pom ic``dmigl,

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70 bvavm cl pocr bgrm# xgr pa fm zgc` pa pom iml cl }lceavi$ xocbo pom Hmlmvgd vm)

e}rm`, Pom dgvhm bo}ln ae fvcfm xgr pa fm zgc` pa poarm xoa xmvm lap cl }lceavi,

Gl` gdd pomrm zmvralr xmvm xcpocl pom k}vcr`cbpcal ae pom Iclcrpmv,

Omlbm pom igppmv xgr rw}gvmds xcpocl pom àigcl ae pom Iclcrpmv gl` cp xgr g igkav

aicrrcal al ocr zgvp lap pa av`mv clumrpchgpcal al `memlbm z}vbogrm xavpo poa}rgl`r

ae bvavmr xocbo xmvm zvab}vm` eav pxcbm pom igvnmp zvcbm,

Pom rbgi ogr fmml haclh al eav g `mbg`m gl` omlbm pom }lcps ae pom zadcpcbgd zgvpcmr

`migl`clh pom vmrchlgpcal ae Hmlmvgd UN Rclho,

Balpvgrp pom chlavglbm ae pom Iclcrpmv xcpo pom `crbaumvs ig`m fs pom g}poav /xcpo





la vmra}vbmr av rpgee# cl pxa oa}vr ae lmp r}veclh, Pom eaddaxclh cleavigpcal xocbo cr

g lmxr vmzavp evai B{mbo vmz}fdcb cr iarp `gilclh,

Vgucl`mv N}igv Vcroc$ pom bocme rbgirpmv cl pom `mgd$ xgr lap alds rxcl`dclh pom Cl)

`cgl haumvlimlp f}p gdra pom B{mbo haumvlimlp, G bvciclgd bgrm xgr ecdm` ghgclrp

oci cl pom ba}lpvs xomvm Pgpvg pv}bnr xmvm igl}egbp}vm` gdiarp g smgv fgbn eav pomr}zzdcmr ig`m pa Cl`cg, Pom gvpcbdm `gpm` 68!0!77 al g B{mbn xmfrcpm rpgpmr;

Pgpvg egbmr p}llmdclh gl` pg mugrcal gddmhgpcalr

Glalsia}r zdgclpcee gbb}rmr pom igkav axlmv gl` iglghmimlp ae Pgpvg pv}bn

ignmv ae p}llmdclh zvaecpr gl` pg mugrcal

Pom iglghmimlp gl` g igkav rogvmoad`mv cl pom cbalcb B{mbo pv}bn zva`}bmv Pgpvg

egbm g bvciclgd baizdgclp eav gddmhm`ds egcdclh pa mlr}vm zvazmv aumvrchop ae grrmpr,Pom glalsia}r zdgclpcee bdgcir pogp pom rgdm ae pv}bn zgvpr gp nlabn)àxl zvcbmr pa

Cl`cg ucg gl clpmvim`cgvs Fvcpcro baizgls ogr `gighm` pom baizgls,

Uçbdgu Dçrng$ g eavimv ocho)vglnclh zadcbm clumrpchgpav$ dgxsmv gl` alm)pcim omg`

ae pom dabgd fvglbo ae xgpboàh Pvglrzgvmlbs Clpmvlgpcalgd$ ogr da`hm` g bvciclgd

baizdgclp ghgclrp pom iglghmimlp ae Pgpvg pv}bnr gl` alm ae pom ecvi–r igkav

rogvmoad`mvr$ Cl`cgl f}rclmrrigl Vgucl`mv N}igv Vcroc$ al fmogde ae zdgclpceer

xoa xcro pa vmigcl glalsia}r `}m pa emgvr ae —dgfav zmvrmb}pcal’$ pom `gcds Zvçuavmzavpm` al Xm`lmr`gs,

Umbpvg gddmhm`ds zvaecpr evai Pgpvg–r darr

Rclbm 6::=$ Pgpvg ogr r}zzdcm` ra)bgddm` baizdmpm nlabn)àxl ncpr /BN@#$ balpgcl)

clh gdd pom baizalmlpr ae og}dghm Dçrng bdgcir pogp fmpxmml 6::= gl` 6:7: Pgpvg

darp zvaecpr ae gva}l` N ĉ 68: icddcal pv}bnr pa pom Cl`cgl rpgpm)axlm` ecvi FMID$

xocbo poml grrmifdmr pom umocbdmr cl Cl`cg, Pom pvglrgbpcalr ogum fmml bal`}bpm`pova}ho Fvcpcro)vmhcrpmvm` clpmvim`cgvs ecvi Umbpvg Dcicpm`$ xocbo$ gbbav`clh pa

pom bogvhmr$ ogr evmw}mlpds z}vbogrm` pom BN@ ncpr gp fmdax zva`}bpcal barp$ po}r

bg}rclh darrmr pa pom B{mbo baizgls v}llclh clpa icddcalr ae bvaxlr,

—Pom Pgpvg baizgls rmddr ncpr pa pom Fvcpcro baizgls Umbpvg Dcicpm` xcpoa}p g

zvaecp igvhcl$ gl` muml gp zvcbmr daxmv pogl pom barp ae igl}egbp}vclh, Gdd igv)

hclr evai pocr f}rclmrr$ c,m, gdd zvaecpr evai pomrm pvglrgbpcalr$ ha alds pa pom gb)

ba}lpr ae pom Fvcpcro baizgls$’ Dçrng pad` Zvçua, —Pom egbp pogp pom vmzvmrmlpg)





pcumr ae Pgpvg gddax pomrm pvglrgbpcalr bdmgvds balpvg`cbpr pom zvclbczdmr ae ra}l`

mbalaicb haumvlglbm,’

Dçrng bdgcir pogp fmpxmml 6::= gl` 6:7: Pgpvg darp gva}l` N ĉ 68: icddcal cl za)

pmlpcgd zvaecp, Pom bgdb}dgpcal cr fgrm` al g zvaecp igvhcl ae 7: zmvbmlp zmv ncp$

xocbo om rgsr pom iglghmimlp clpmlpcalgdds eavemcpm` cl av`mv pa rmdd pom haa`r paUmbpvg Dcicpm` gp g nlabn)àxl zvcbm, Dçrng gdra rgsr pogp pova}ho pom pvglrgb)

pcalr pom baizgls gdra guac`m` zgsclh pmlr ae icddcalr ae bvaxlr cl pg,

—Fs pvglremvvclh pom balrc`mvgfdm zvaecpr pa pom Fvcpcro baizgls$ pom Pgpvg baizg)

ls vm`}bm` cpr clbaim pg zgsimlpr fs pmlr ae icddcalr ae bvaxlr$’ Dçrng rgc`,

Gddmhm` icr}rm ae cleavigpcal

Vgucl`mv N}igv Vcroc$ `mz}ps bogcvigl ae Pgpvg–r r}zmvucravs fagv`$ cr gdra pom

axlmv ae Umbpvg Dcicpm` gl` po}r `m egbpa vmzvmrmlpr fapo Pgpvg gl` Umbpvg cl

f}rclmrr lmhapcgpcalr ‐ gl` pom pvglrgbpcalr cl w}mrpcal, Gbbav`clh pa Dçrng$

Vgucl`mv N}igv Vcroc igs ogum icr}rm` cleavigpcal cl pomrm f}rclmrr vmdgpcalr,

Cl 6:7:$ Pgpvg r}zzdcm` 5:: BN@ ncpr pa pom Cl`cgl baizgls Fmid ‐ xocbo gr)

rmifdmr pom pv}bnr gl` ogr dgvhm av`mvr xcpo pom Cl`cgl gvis ‐ gl` gbbav`clh pa

Dçrng$ Pgpvg ogr baiicppm` pa `mdcumv g e}vpomv 05: ncpr pocr smgv, —Ce pom bvciclgdbaizdgclp cr `mmim` pa fm k}rpcecm`$ rpmzr ba}d` fm pgnml xocbo xcdd b}vpgcd e}vpomv

darrmr gl` gdra rpaz g``cpcalgd pg mugrcal$’ Dçrng pad` Zvçua,

Pom w}mrpcal pa fm glrxmvm` cr pocr; Ce g bvciclgd baizdgclp xgr ecdm` ghgclrp pom

baizgls gl` Vgucl`mv N}igv Vcroc fs pom B{mbo vmz}fdcb eav imvmds bg}rclh g

darr ae 7:- al zvaecpr eavmhalm `}m pa }l`mv cluacbclh g smgv fgbn$ poml xogp gb)

pcal `c` pom `memlbm Iclcrpmv pgnm ghgclrp Umbpvg xocbo gr g ic``dmigl og` r}z)

zdcm` pv}bnr gp iavm pogl 7::- pom gia}lp eav xocbo Pgpvg rad` cl pom azml igv)nmp1 Pocr rbgi xgr haclh al eav pom zgrp pml smgvr,

Vcroc bomgpm` B{mbor fs 7:- f}p pom Cl`cglr fs iavm pogl 7::-,

C xcdd fmp paz àddgv pogp pom glalsia}r zdgclpcee vmemvvm` pa cl pom gvpcbdm cr gl Cl)

`cgl ra}vbm xoa og` la egcpo cl pom Cl`cgl rsrpmi pa gbp gl` pomvmeavm boarm pa ha

pova}ho pom omg` ae Pvglrzgvmlbs Clpmvlgpcalgd, Ba}d` cp fm pom haa` Hmlmvgd av g

ra}vbm bdarm pa oci1 Sa}v h}mrr cr gr haa` gr iclm,




Zghm = ae =oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:76!:2!6?!hmlmvgd)un)rclhor)bv}rg`m)ghgclrp)bavv}zpcal)`mrmvumr)lgpcalgd)vmbahlcpcal!

Cp cr `ceecb}dp pa fmdcmum pogp pom B{mbo g}poavcpcmr `c` lap bavvmrzal` xcpo pom Cl`cgl

haumvlimlp xcpocl pom zgrp alm smgv, Poms à ogum gl mifgrrs cl Cl`cg, Xomvm gvm

pom vmbav`r ae pom bavvmrzal`mlbm1

Pom Hmlmvgd xgr ig`m pa zgs pom zvcbm eav ocr glpc)bavv}zpcal bv}rg`m cl pom R}nlg

dgl` rbgi gl` pom G`gvro Rabcmps rbgi$ clbd}`clh pom ba}vp igvrogdclh ae Dp, Hml,Gug`mro Zvgngro$ xoa xgr Icdcpgvs Rmbvmpgvs }l`mv Hmlmvgd @mmzgn Ngzaav,

Cp cr pcim pogp Iv Glpals vmgdc{mr ocr icrpgnm, Om cr r}vva}l`m` fs bavv}zp zmazdm

xoa gvm }rclh ocr vmz}pgpcal gr g rocmd`,

Xogp cr gp rpgnm cr pom darr ae egcpo ae pom zmazdm cl oalmrp iclcrpmvr, Igliaogl

Rclho gl` poml Iv Glpals, Xogp haa` cr pom ucvp}m ae oalmrps1 Cr pomvm gls oazm ae

vm`mizpcal dmep eav pom ba}lpvs1

Pom Hmlmvgd xcdd ha cl g fdg{m ae hdavs f}p pom Iclcrpmv xcdd lap,

Gl` eav poarm xoa gvm gdchlm` xcpo pom gvir igecg gl` grn eav pom vmgral gr pa xos

pom Hmlmvgd `c` lap pgnm gbpcal al pom Pgpvg rbgi1 Ghgclrp xoai xa}d` om pgnm gb)

pcal1 Zvab}vmimlp ae `memlbm mw}czimlp cr lap }l`mv ocr bogvhm, @c` sa} mzmbp oci

pa pgnm al pom vmpcvm` hmlmvgdr gl` m)Bocmer xoa xmvm zgc` aee eav rchlclh pom àb})

imlp pogp om vme}rm` pa rchl1 Xa}d` pomvm fm gls zvaae1 Xomvm xa}d` pogp hmp oci1Xa}d` sa} pgnm al g m)`memlbm Iclcrpmv av g bavv}zp Iclcrpmv cl pom Bgfclmp1 Xgr

pom crr}m ae Faeavr z}vr}m` fs pom Gvis Bocme1

G Hmlmvgd cr lap g Hmlmvgd ce om cr lap g haa` pgbpcbcgl, Hmlmvgd UN Rclho zvaum` pa

fm g igrpmv pgbpcbcgl cl pom igllmv cl xocbo om paan al pom mlpcvm rsrpmi ae bavv}z)

pcal cl pom Gvis gl` cl pom Iclcrpvs, Pocr Hmlmvgd roaxm` pogp om og` mgvlm` gdd ocr

rpgvr, Pom lgpcal ba}d` hcum oci alm iavm,

Cl pom ml` pom Hmlmvgd zvaum` pa pom lgpcal pogp muml pom iarp oalmrp zadcpcbcgl ae

a}v pcimr cr lap haa` mla}ho pa zvmumlp pom o}hm bavv}zpcal pogp clemrpr `memlbm

`mgdr,

/Gv}l Ghvgxgd cr pom g}poav ae pom faan Vmdcglbm; Pom Vmgd Lgpxgv , Pom azclcalr

mzvmrrm` fs pom g}poav gl` poarm zvauc`clh baiimlpr gvm pomcvr gdalm$ gl` à lap

vmedmbp pom azclcalr ae Bglgvs Pvgz av gls mizdasmm pomvmae#

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6?!:?!76 77;73 ZIGl Gvis xcem–r zvgsmv

Zghm 7 ae 6oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:76!:0!62!gl)gvis)xcemr)zvgsmv!

Gl Gvis xcem–r zvgsmv

Sa}$ UN Rclho$ gvm g hgim boglhmv,

Sa} gvm pvsclh pa boglhm pom alhaclh hgim pogp

bmvpgcl mpocbgdds baizvaicrm` zmazdm$ clbd}`clhraim cl }lceavi gl` vmpcvm` almr$ ogum fmml zdgs)

clh eav aumv g `mbg`m,

Sa} gvm pvsclh pa mlr}vm pogp pom icdcpgvs Clrpcp})

pcal cr hcuml cpr `}m rzgbm gr g dasgd$ clpmlrmds `m)

uapm` avhgl ae pom ba}lpvs$ xocdm boaarclh pa vm)

igcl }l`mv bcucdcgl balpvad gr cp roa}d` fm$ cl gls

`miabvgbs,

Sa} gvm g bdmglrmv, Pom lgpcal ogr egcdm` pa bdmgl }z muml pom Hglhg$ f}p sa} gvm

bdmglclh }z pom Cl`cgl Gvis evai xomvm cp lmm`r pa fm bdmglrm` ‒ gp pom paz dmumd,

Sa} gvm gxgvm$ gr gvm igls ae }r$ pogp pom iavgd ecfvm$ zvaemrrcalgdcri$ zgpvcapcri

gl` rzcvcp ae pom Gvis dcmr clpgbp gp pom dmumdr xomvm pomrm gvm gbp}gdds vmw}cvm` ‒ a}v

pvaazr gl` k}lcav gl` ic``dm dmumd aeecbmvr ‒ xoa baizvcrm aumv 3:- ae pom Gvis,

Poms rzml` pomcv zvaemrrcalgd dcumr gxgs evai @mdoc ‒ Pogln Ha`,

Pom hvgrr vaapr dmumd ae pom Cl`cgl Gvis$ gl` vmpcvm` m)rmvucbmiml dcnm }r$ gvm xcpo

sa},

Igs sa} balpcl}m pa ogum pom rpvmlhpo gl` ba}vghm sa} ogum gdvmg`s `mialrpvgpm`

cl gizdm imgr}vm, Sa} xcdd lmm` g haa` r}zzds ae fapo eav e}p}vm povmgpr evai poarm

xoa ogum ig`m Cl`cg pomcv Kghcv, Sa} lmm` pom fdmrrclhr ae gdd ae }r,

Cl`cg cr lap nlaxl pa oalav pom fvgum, Poglne}dds$ lax cp cr dmgvlclh pa à ra, Pom Cl)

pmvlmp gl` ia`mvl pmboladahs xcdd omdz zmazdm mzvmrr pomcv r}zzavp eav sa}, Iarp ae

pom icddcal zd}r rad`cmvr gl` gl mw}gd l}ifmv ae m)rmvucbmiml xcdd vgdds fmocl` sa},

Pom vmrp ae Cl`cg$ rcbn$ pcvm` gl` glhvs gfa}p pom rpgpm ae pom Lgpcal$ xcdd gdra vgdds fm)

ocl` sa},

Gdd oalmrp zadcpcbcglr gl` f}vmg}bvgpr$ b}ppclh gbvarr zgvps dclmr$ gl` oazme}dds raim



6?!:?!76 77;73 ZIGl Gvis xcem–r zvgsmv

Zghm 6 ae 6oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:76!:0!62!gl)gvis)xcemr)zvgsmv!

dmhgd d}iclgvcmr$ xcdd gdra rpgvp rzmgnclh }z,

Pom vmrp gvm zgvgrcpcbgd bogimdmalr xoa xcdd boglhm pomcv bada}vr gbbav`clhds,

@miabvgbs xcdd fm fmppmv rmvum`$ pom haumvlglbm ae a}v ba}lpvs xcdd cizvaum gl` pom

lgpcal gr g xoadm xcdd hgcl,

Sa}v bdgvcal bgdd cr g ocrpavcb rchl gialh apomvr eav g fvchop e}p}vm eav Cl`cg, Bcucd ra)

bcmps xcdd hmp g e}vpomv faarp pa boglhm pom vap cl pom rsrpmi, Dmp poclhr hmp xavrm$ ce

alds pa fmbaim fmppmv,

@c` lap raim glbcmlpr zvm`cbp pogp 6:76 xcdd fm pom fmhcllclh ae g pmbpalcb boglhm eav

pom fmppmv1

Vah}mr$ fmxgvm' Sa}v pcim cr }z' Bavvmbp sa}vrmdumr av ha ucrcp ògir cl pom Oc)

igdgsgr,

Cl egbp$ rpgs al pomvm gr Ocigdgsgl bgumr gvm fmppmv pogl kgcdr' Cl`cg cr la dalhmv sa}v

radm zvazmvps, Albm gdd ae sa} gvm ravpm` a}p$ Cl`cg–r mpmvlgd povmgpr xcdd fm mgrcmv pa

ogl`dm,

@a lap `gvm pa rpgl` fmpxmml Cl`cg–r vap ae pa`gs gl` pom umvs fvchop$ hdavca}r e}p}vm,

/Gfa}p pom g}poav; Boogl`g I}nomvkmm$ xcem ae vmpcvm` Igkav Hmlmvgd @czgn

I}nomvkmm$ cr g zva}` zgpvcap xoa dcnmr pa uacbm omv azclcal al Gvis crr}mr, Ig)

kav Hmlmvgd @czgn I}nomvkmm /vmp`,# xgr gl Cleglpvs aeecbmv xoa ogr pgnml zgvp cl

pom 7387 xgv, Om gdra baiigl`m` g fgppgdcal cl Rvc Dglng$ g fvchg`m cl K%N `}v)

clh pom Ngvhcd baledcbp gl` g @cucrcal ae ba}lpmv pmvvavcrp eavbmr, Boogl`g ogr àlm

IRb cl Fapgls gl` FM`, Rom cr g pmgbomv,#



:3!:2!76 7:;76 GIXos Hml UN Rclho–r @,A,F cr lap k}rp g ‟zmvralgd– igppmv

Zghm 7 ae 5oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:76!:7!68!xos)hml)un)rclhor)`)a)f)cr)lap)k}rp)g)zmvralgd)igppmv!

Xos Hml UN Rclho–r @,A,F cr lap k}rp g ‟zmvralgd– igppmv

FS VRL RCLHO

Pom balpvaumvrs aumv pom gvis bocme–r `gpm ae fcvpo /`,a,f,# cr fc{gvvm gl` zvafgfds

rsizpaigpcb ae pom `mhvg`gpcal ae ugd}m rsrpmir gp pom ochomv mbomdalr ae pom gvis,

Cp cr `meclcpmds lap g r}``ml `mumdazimlp,

Aeecbmvr ae pom vgln ae dcm}pmlglp hmlmvgd ogum halm pa pom bcucd ba}vpr al igppmvr vm)

dgpclh pa zvaiapcalr cl pom zgrp, Pom alds clrpcp}pcal xocbo og` la lmm` pa à ra xgr

pogp ae pom gvis bocme$ fmbg}rm pogp xgr pom ml` ae pom ocmvgvbos gl` pom dg``mv, F}p

poml pomvm xgr pom gdd}vm ae zarp)vmpcvmimlp rclmb}vm gl` igls gvis bocmer xmvm zmv)bmcum` pa fm fml`clh fgbnxgv`r eav cp,

Mumlp}gdds$ fs g rmmiclhds bgzcddgvs gbpcal$ pom igdgcrm bvmzp vchop pa pom paz, Pom

rsrpmi og` gbw}cvm` r}bo g b}dp}vm ae rdmg{m gl` balrzcvgbs aumv pom smgvr pogp pomvm

xgr gl gppmizp pa muml iglcz}dgpm pom `}vgpcal gl` r}bbmrrcal bogcl ae pom clrpcp})

pcal,

Hml UN Rclho–r `mbcrcal pa ha pa pom R}zvmim Ba}vp cr g iglcemrpgpcal ae pocr, Pombgrm apomvxcrm xgr ra rcizdm ‒ av r}bo g lal)crr}m) pogp cpr vmrad}pcal xgr iavm g





igppmv ae baiial rmlrm pogl k}`cbcgd clpmvumlpcal,

Pom bgrm gvarm evai g `ceemvmlbm cl pom vmbav`r ae pom Icdcpgvs Rmbvmpgvs–r Fvglbo gl`

pom G`k}pglp Hmlmvgd–r /GH–r# Fvglbo ae pom gvis, Pom dgppmv cr pom }r}gd vmbav`)nmmz)

mv,

Cl Hml Rclho–r bgrm$ pom iclcrpvs ae `memlbm `mbc`m` pogp cp xcdd ha fs pom Icdcpgvs

Rmbvmpgvs–r vmbav`r ‒ xoml baiial rmlrm roa}d` ogum pad` cp pa à apomvxcrm, Cl egbp$

pom Ia@ ogr àlm ra cl gp dmgrp alm mgvdcmv bgrm,

Cl g rpvcnclhds rcicdgv bgrm$ alm Bad Vgimro Bogl`mv Karoc /CB)75706# vmbmcum` ocr av)

`mvr eav vmpcvmimlp evai pom IR Fvglbo /uc`m Dmppmv La, 2:::0!Rmz 35!Pmbo!IR Vm)

pcvmimlp x,m,e, 2: Rmzpmifmv 7335# fgrm` al pom egbp pogp ocr `gpm ae fcvpo xgr dcrpm`

gr 66 Rmzpmifmv 7300,

Oaxmumv$ pom vmbav`r xcpo pom G`k}pglp Hmlmvgd–r fvglbo bdmgvds cl`cbgpm` ocr `gpm ae

fcvpo gr 6= Laumifmv 730=, Pom aeecbmv baii}lcbgpm` pocr glaigds pa pom IR

Fvglbo, Cl pom gfrmlbm ae vmzds$ al pom dgrp `gs ae ocr vmpcvmimlp$ c,m, 2: Rmzpmifmv

7335$ pom aeecbmv og` la azpcal f}p pa rml` g rchlgd `cvmbpds pa pom gvis bocme,

Zvaizpds$ al pom rgim `gs$ pom aeecbmv vmbmcum` g imrrghm —Pocr OW dmppmv La

2:::0!Rmz!35!Pmbo!IR Vmpcvmimlp ae 72 Rmz 7335 vmhgv`clh vmpcvmimlp ae CB 75706Bad Vgimro Bogl`mv Karoc Mlhvr ae M)cl)b–r Fvglbo Gvis Ow x,m,e, evai 2: Rmz 35 cr

omvmfs bglbmddm`, Pom bdgcim` `gpm ae fcvpo gr 6= Lau 0= ogr fmml gbbmzpm` fs icl)

crpvs ae `memlbm /Ia@#, Aeecbmv xcdd balpcl}m cl rmvucbm pcdd e}vpomv av`mvr,’

Gr cl pom bgrm ae Hml Rclho$ pom `gpm ae fcvpo bad}il cl pom ]ZRB eavi cl vmrzmbp ae

Bad Karoc og` fmml clbavvmbpds ecddm` gl` xgr bavvmbpm` fs pom ]ZRB ecvrp gl` r}frm)

w}mlpds fs pom Lgpcalgd @memlbm Gbg`mis /L@G# albm ocr Rmlcav Bgifvc`hm bmvpcec)

bgpm gvvcum`,

Bad Karoc xal`mvr; —Ce cp ogr ogzzmlm` cl is bgrm xos lap cl pom bgrm ae Hml UN

Rclho1’

Iarp gvis aeecbmvr gvm fmxcd`mvm` gl` w}mrpcal; xomvm cr pom rbazm eav balpvaumvrs1

Ugvca}r icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvcmr xoa og` `mgdp xcpo pom bgrm$ cl nmmzclh xcpo pomcv iavgd

cizmvgpcum$ ba}d` ogum ‟bavvmbpm`– pomcv vmbav`r xcpocl g igppmv ae oa}vr,





G rcizdm gbnlaxdm`hmimlp ae pom icrpgnm ba}d` ogum àlm i}bo pa mrpgfdcro egcv)

zdgs$ k}`himlp gl` bvm`cfcdcps al pom zgvp ae pom Icdcpgvs Rmbvmpgvs Fvglbo, Pocr gb)

nlaxdm`hmimlp xa}d` apomvxcrm ogum ig`m la `ceemvmlbm pa pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae Hml

Rclho$ gr pom Gvis Dcrp ogr la dmhgd rglbpcps, Gl gbnlaxdm`hmimlp av gbbmzpglbm ae

icrpgnm xgr `mrcvm` fmbg}rm cp xgr vmzmgpm` aumv iavm pogl 25 smgvr, Mumvs smgv$ gp

pom pcim ae pom hmlmvgd–r Gll}gd Balec`mlpcgd Vmbav`r$ ocr `gpm ae fcvpo xgr iml)pcalm` gr 7: Igs 73=7,

Pomvm gvm rbavmr ae r}bo bgrmr cl pom Gvis Dcrp$ xomvmcl pom `gpm ae fcvpo$ av CB l}i)

fmv av lgim cr xvalhds mlpmvm`, Zmazdm ogum vmpcvm` gr dcm}pmlglp hmlmvgdr xcpo

xvalh CB l}ifmvr cl pom Gvis Dcrp, Ce pomrm icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvcmr xmvm ‟iml ae oal)

a}v– poms roa}d` ogum gbbmzpm` pomcv ‟aicrrcalr– gl` pvcm` pa bdmgl }z pom e}lbpcalclh

ae pom IR Fvglbo,

Pom f}{{ gialh gvis clrc`mvr cr pogp pomrm hmlpdmiml mlpmvm` clpa g balrzcvgbs xcpo

gp dmgrp pxa gvis bocmer gl` r}frmw}mlp zaxmvr pogp fm cl cledcbpclh pomcv icrpgnm av

aicrrcal /ae lap bavvmbpclh pom gvis bocme–r `,a,f,# gl` fdgbnigcdclh Hml Rclho fs }r)

clh pom clgbb}vgpm gl` clbalrmw}mlpcgd àb}imlp bgddm` pom ‟Gvis Dcrp– gr paad,

Raim 3: zmvbmlp aeecbmvr cl pom gvis vmpcvm xcpoa}p rmmclh pom Gvis Dcrp, Pomvm cr g

zaz}dgv rgsclh cl pom gvis pogp alds bvaanr gl` bgvmmvcrpr rmm pom Gvis Dcrp,

F}p xogp àmr alm ignm ae Hml Rclho–r gddmhm` gbbmzpglbm ae ocr `gpm ae fcvpo ‒ gl

gbbmzpglbm `migl`m` fs pom IR Fvglbo fmeavm om xgr ig`m g bavzr baiigl`mv1

Hml Rclho–r `mpvgbpavr gvm bd}pboclh pom rpvgx ae ‟gbbmzpglbm– cl pomcv `memlbm, Gl ‟gb)

bmzpglbm– ae g `gpm ae fcvpo bgllap hmp alm g `vcuclh dcbmlbm av zgrrzavp$ dmp gdalm

ignm gl ‟gvis bocme–, Gl ‟gbbmzpglbm– bgllap fm balrpv}m` gr ‟rmde)`mbdgvgpcal–, Gls

‟gbbmzpglbm– bgllap fm cl pom gfrmlbm ae g ‟`migl`– gl`$ cl Hml Rclho–r bgrm$ cp xgr

daanm` dcnm clpcic`gpcal av fdgbnigcd$ xocbo bdmgvds cl`cbgpmr pogp pom ochomv mbomdalr

gvm fmvmep ae baiial `mbmlbcmr,

La bcucdcrm` aeecbmv xcdd }rm pom ncl` ae dglh}ghm pogp pom balbmvlm` icdcpgvs rmbvm)

pgvcmr }rm` xcpo gl aeecbmv xoa xgr pa fm gzzaclpm` pom lmp gvis bocme, Cighclm pom

ghals ae pom daxmv v}lh' Rgizdm pom lal)bcucdcrm` cizavp ae dglh}ghm }rm` fs pom IR

cl vmrzmbp ae Hml Rclho,

Cl g dmppmv `gpm` 67 K}lm 6::?$ pom icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs xvapm pa Hml Rclho$ —xm gvm bal)





rpvgclm` pa igclpgcl sa}v aeecbcgd `gpm ae fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=:$ gl` rgim igs ncl`ds fm vm)

edmbpm` cl gdd sa}v vmbav`r gl` àb}imlpr, Pom GH–r fvglbo cr gbbav`clhds clpcigpm` pa giml`

pom vmbav`r fmclh igclpgclm` fs pomi,’ /Lapm; pocr cr lapoclh f}p imhgdaiglcg$ gr pom

IR Fvglbo ogr la g}poavcps aumv pom GH–r Fvglbo cl igppmvr ae zmvralgd zgvpcb}dgvr

ae gl aeecbmv> cl egbp cp cr apomvxcrm#,

Cl glapomv dmppmv `gpm` 67 Kgl}gvs 6::?$ pom IR rgc`; —‥ xm gvm balrpvgclm` pa igclpgcl

sa}v aeecbcgd `gpm ae fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=:$ gl` pom rgim igs ncl`ds fm vmedmbpm` cl gdd sa}v

vmbav`r‥ Zdmgrm gbnlaxdm`hm gl` balecvi gbbmzpglbm,’

Poml baimr pom povmgp, —Vmw}mrp ex` /eavxgv`# gbn /gbnlaxdm`hmimlp# gl` balecvi gbbmz)

pglbm ae `gpm ae fcvpo gr hcuml cl zgvg = /ecum# ae dmppmv `gpm` 67 Kgl}gvs 6::?‥ /,# Ce vmzds lap

vmbmcum` fs 7::: ovr al 6= Kgl :? gbpcal `mmim` gzzvazvcgpm xcdd fm pgnml /,# /evai IR pa

Hml Rclho `gpm` 60 Kgl 6::?#,

La igl ae oala}v xcdd `chmrp r}bo clpcic`gpcal gl` fdgbnigcd, Cp cr umvs i}bo oal)

a}vgfdm pa `mgd xcpo `croala}vgfdm iml gl` pomcv ucbca}r ghml`gr evai g zarcpcal ae

vmdgpcum gùglpghm, Pocr cr mgbpds xogp pom hmlmvgd ogr àlm, Om ogr iaum` clbvm)

imlpgdds fs ecvrp gzzmgdclh pa pom haa` gl` iavgd rmlrm ae pom zaxmvr pogp fm, Cp cr cl

pocr rzcvcp pogp pom dmhgd azclcal ae ea}v eavimv gl` oala}vgfdm Bocme K}rpcbmr ae Cl`cg

xgr radcbcpm`,

G h}cdps igl xcdd lap à pogp, G igl xcpo g bocln cl ocr gvia}v xcdd lap ha pa pom

R}zvmim Ba}vp ae Cl`cg, Alds gl oala}vgfdm igl gp pom ml` ae ocr bgvmmv xcdd z}p

mumvspoclh al pom dclm, Poarm xoa$ pomvmeavm$ gvm clrcl}gpclh pogp pom hmlmvgd ogr pgn)

ml pocr `vgrpcb rpmz eav gl g``cpcalgd 7: ialpor cl aeecbm ogum rcizds darp pomcv iavgd

fmgvclhr, Cp paan gdiarp ea}v ialpor /iavm pogl pom igl`gpavs zmvca`# eav pom `m)

emlbm iclcrpmv pa hcum ocr umv`cbp al pom rpgp}pavs baizdgclp ecdm` fs ocr gvis bocme,

Gl` xcpocl pomrm `gsr$ pomvm xmvm rpgpmimlpr evai pom Ia@ pogp pom `memlbm iclcr)

pmv xgr lap fa}l` fs gls pcim rpcz}dgpcal, Evai pom igllmv ae pvmgpimlp ae pom rpgp})

pavs baizdgclp$ cp cr muc`mlp pogp pom xoadm c`mg xgr pa f}s g emx ialpor ra pogp pom

glla}lbmimlp ae pom lmx bocme ba}d` fm ig`m gr zmv g `mrchlm` ‟r}bbmrrcal zdgl–,

Ce pom `memlbm iclcrpmv pgnmr ea}v ialpor pa g`k}`cbgpm al g rpgp}pavs baizdgclp ae ocr

gvis bocme$ alm bgl cighclm pom zdchop ae g kgxgl ae pom Cl`cgl gvis, Poml pomvm xgr

zdglpm` zvazghgl`g pogp pom hmlmvgd igs pml`mv ocr vmrchlgpcal$ po}r }zrmppclh pom‟r}bbmrrcal zdgl–, Raim f}vmg}bvgpr pocr g}poav clpmvgbpm` xcpo zaiza}rds fagrpm`




Zghm = ae 5oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:76!:7!68!xos)hml)un)rclhor)`)a)f)cr)lap)k}rp)g)zmvralgd)igppmv!

pogp pom hmlmvgd xa}d` lap muml fm gddaxm` pa vmrchl$ gr om rmvumr gp pom zdmgr}vm ae

pom Zvmrc`mlp,

Imglxocdm$ axclh pa pom vadm zdgsm` fs bmvpgcl vmrzalrcfdm gl` zgpvcapcb rmhimlpr ae

pom im`cg$ pom pv}po hgclm` b}vvmlbs gl` pom haumvlimlp vmgdcrm` pogp cp xgr iavgdds

gl` dmhgdds umvs u}dlmvgfdm, Alm ae pom rmlcav iclcrpmvr gìcppm` cl zvcugpm pogp pomcrr}m xgr fapbom` }z gl` ba}d` ogum rmvca}r zadcpcbgd vmzmvb}rrcalr,

Raim iclcrpmvr mzvmrrm` pomcv omdzdmrrlmrr cl `memvmlbm pa pom ecgp ae g bg}b}r ae m)

pvg)balrpcp}pcalgd g}poavcpcmr, Cp cr pom rgim rpavs; gdd balrzcvgbcmr gl` rbgir cl vmbmlp

pcimr rigbn ae g igkav cled}mlbm ae pocr mpvg)balrpcp}pcalgd bg}b}r,

Pom haumvlimlp clcpcgdds vmravpm` pa povmgpr, Xoml pogp `c` lap xavn$ cp rmlp ugvca}r

micrrgvcmr xcpo gdd}vmimlpr ae zarp)vmpcvmimlp rclmb}vmr, Xoml pogp xgr lap fa}hop$cp rmlp im`cgpavr eav g baizvaicrm, Pom iaap w}mrpcal cr baizvaicrm al xogp1

Balbaicpglpds$ pomvm xgr gl avbomrpvgpm` im`cg bgizgchl pa `crr}g`m Hml Rclho

evai haclh pa ba}vp gl` ignm oci vmrchl, Lax$ g rbgvm cr fmclh vgcrm` pogp pom oal)

a}vgfdm R}zvmim Ba}vp xcdd w}mrpcal pom igclpgclgfcdcps ae ocr zmpcpcal gl` grn Hml

Rclho pa ha pa pom Gvim` Eavbmr Pvcf}lgd, Cl egbp$ eav raim vmgral$ pomvm cr g emumvcro

gppmizp pa bvmgpm gl gpiarzomvm cl egua}v ae pom Gvim` Eavbmr Pvcf}lgd va}pm,

Cp cr afuca}r pogp pom crr}m gfa}p pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae Hml Rclho cr lap zmvralgd$ f}p

ogr vmgbom` pocr zaclp fs rsrpmicb cled}mlbmr, Pomrm clpmvlgd gl` mpmvlgd cled}mlbmr

lmm` pa fm clumrpchgpm`, G balrzcvgbs pogp rmmir `mrchlm` pa r}fumvp pom Cl`cgl gvis

lmm`r pa fm }lvgumddm`,

Pomvm gvm clrcl}gpcalr pogp zadcpcbr$ zadcpcbgd e}l`clh$ pom gvir daffs$ f}rclmrr igecg

gl` clpmvlgpcalgd zdgsmvr gvm cizclhclh al pom ba}vrm ae pom bvcrcr, Cp cr w}cpm muc`mlp

evai pom fc{gvvm$ }lzvmbm`mlpm` pmvi bgddm` ‟r}bbmrrcal zdgl– pogp ogr fmml hcumlb}vvmlbs fs pom b}vvmlp `crzmlrgpcal, Xcdd raimalm zdmgrm rpgl` }z pa ravp a}p pocr

imrr ra pogp a}v gvis bgl rmvum a}v zadcps fmppmv1



Zmvrzmbpcum gl` Icdcpgvs Egbpav cl Zgncrpgl$ om cr gdra g bad}ilcrp eav Bglgvs Pvgz,

Pocr zarp xgr ecvrp z}fdcrom` al Ecvrpzarp al Kgl}gvs 68$ 6:76#

Gdra Vmg`;









:3!:2!76 7:;72 GIXos cr Glpals zdgsclh `}bnr gl` `vgnmr xcpo pom Gvis1

Zghm 7 ae 3oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:77!:3!6:!xos)cr)glpals)zdgsclh)`}bnr)gl`)`vgnmr)xcpo)pom)gvis!


FS VRL RCLHO

Cl vmzds pa g w}mrpcal cl zgvdcgimlp$ @memlbm Iclcrpmv GN Glpals rpgpm` pogp pom

zvmrmlp Bocme ae pom Gvis Rpgee /BAGR#$ Hml UN Rclho$ hap ocr dgrp povmm zvaiapcalr

aeecbcgdds zvm`cbgpm` al 7: Igs 73=: gr ocr `gpm ae fcvpo, Pocr rpgpmimlp cr lap cl bal)

ralglbm xcpo pom vmbav`r omd` cl Gvis Omg`w}gvpmvr /GOW#$ xocbo bdmgvds cl`cbgpm

apomvxcrm ‒ 7: Igs 73=7,

Pom `memlbm iclcrpmv–r rpgpmimlp igs fm balrpv}m` gr fvmgbo ae zgvdcgimlpgvs zvcuc)

dmhm , Cp cr rg` baiimlpgvs al pom omgdpo gl` u}dlmvgfcdcps ae a}v clrpcp}pcalr pogp grcizdm crr}m zmvpgclclh pa pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae pom bocme ae pom gzadcpcbgd Cl`cgl Gvis

cr fmclh zadcpcbcrm` lap alds fs pom haumvlimlp f}p fs bmvpgcl rmhimlpr ae pom im`cg

gr xmdd,

Gl gvpcbdm cl pom 73 Rmzpmifmv crr}m ae Cl`cg Pa`gs cr pcpdm` —Dcmr ae pom Hmlmvgd’, Cp cr

pom iarp aflaca}r gppgbn al Hml UN Rclho$ vgpomv pom aeecbm ae pom Bocme ae Gvis

Rpgee ae Cl`cg,

Pom gvpcbdm bdgcir pa fm fgrm` al àb}imlpr afpgclm` pova}ho VPC, Ce pom gvpcbdm$ gl`





iavm ra cpr pcpdm$ ogr gls bvm`cfcdcps poml pom haumvlimlp roa}d` vmiaum Hml UN

Rclho ciim`cgpmds$ gr la gvis bgl geeav` pa ogum g ‟dcgv– gr cpr bocme, Gl` cl bgrm$ gp

raim rpghm$ pom gvpcbdm gl` cpr pcpdm gvm ea}l` pa fm iapcugpm`$ poml Cl`cg Pa`gs i}rp

baim bdmgl eav pom rgnm ae cpr bvm`cfcdcps gl` zvmrpchm egcdclh xocbo pom gvis i}rp clc)

pcgpm dmhgd gbpcal ghgclrp pom xmmnds eav pgvhmpclh pom aeecbm ae pom BAGR,

Ce$ Hml UN Rclho `c` lap ogum clbalpvaumvpcfdm gl` bdclboclh igpmvcgd gl` muc`mlbm$

gl` ce pomvm xmvm la }hds `cimlrcalr fmclh cledcbpm` al g rcizdm crr}m ae `gpm ae fcvpo

/@AF#$ xocbo àmr lap cluadum ‟boglhm– f}p ‟bavvmbpcal– cl pom dmhgdds clrchlcecbglp

Gvis Dcrp$ ea}v eavimv gl` umvs oala}vgfdm bocme k}rpcbmr ae Cl`cg gl` g eavimv radcb)

cpav hmlmvgd$ gdd xcpo }lcizmgbogfdm vmbav`r ae zmvralgd gl` k}`cbcgd zvafcps$ xa}d`

lap ogum hcuml pomcv azclcal cl egua}v ae Hml UN Rclho,

Pom bgrm cr mpvmimds rcizdm gl` àmr lap vmw}cvm g eglpgrpcb k}`cbcgd icl` pa }lvgumdpom pv}po$ fgrm` fapo al ‟zvaae– gl` ‟iapcum–, ]leavp}lgpmds$ ugvca}r icdcpgvs rmbvm)

pgvcmr rclbm 6::5$ hag`m` fs pomcv farrmr pa gòmvm pa g zgvpcb}dgv r}bbmrrcal zdgl$

ecvrp vgnm` }z pom crr}m gepmv Hml UN Rclho og` z}p cl 2= smgvr ae rmvucbm gl` poml

hgum baluad}pm` gl` rzmbca}r gvh}imlpr pa `cregua}v Hml Rclho–r bavvmbp `gpm ae

fcvpo; 7: Igs 73=7,

Cl ocl`rchop$ pom clpmlpcal ae pom balbmvlm` g}poavcpcmr cl pom Gvis OWr rmmir pa fm

r}rzmbp gr poms lmumv xglpm` pa gbbmzp pomcv icrpgnm gl` vmbalbcdm pom @AF cl vmrzmbp

ae Hmlmvgd UN Rclho, Al 6= Kgl}gvs$ g Kaclp Rmbvmpgvs cl pom Ia@$ Fcigd K}dng xvapm

pa pom icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs; —‥, g `mpgcdm` clw}cvs igs fm bal`}bpm` cl pa pom igppmv pa ecl`

a}p pom bavvmbp `gpm ae fcvpo ae pom aeecbmv ciim`cgpmds cl balr}dpgpcal xcpo pom GH fvglbo’,

F}p la clw}cvs xgr bal`}bpm`,

R}frmw}mlpds$ cl vmrzalrm pa gl VPC$ pom GH fvglbo ra}hop pom azclcal ae pom dmhgd

gùcrav pa pom iclcrpvs ae `memlbm$ xoa cl p}vl radcbcpm` pom gùcbm ae pom dgx icl)

crpvs, Fapo balecvim` pogp Hml Rclho–r `gpm ae fcvpo xgr 7: Igs 73=7,

B}vca}rds$ pom igppmv xgr vmemvvm` ghgcl pa pom dgx iclcrpvs al pom zdmg pogp pom azcl)

cal hcuml xgr fs g k}lcav aeecbmv, Ce g kaclp rmbvmpgvs pa pom haumvlimlp ae Cl`cg cr k})

lcav$ poml alm xal`mvr xoa gvm vglnm` rmlcav aeecbmvr,

Igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm Ur ]ZRB eavi

Al 62 Igs 735=$ Hml Rclho$ xoa xgr g iclav gl` og` rpcdd lap gzzmgvm` eav ocr ig)





pvcb}dgpcal mgi$ gzzdcm` eav pom L@G, Pom ]ZRB eavi$ gr cl pom bgrm ae apomv rp})

`mlpr$ xgr ecddm` xcpo pom grrcrpglbm ae rboaad rpgee, Poms mvvalma}rds og` pom @AF ae

Hml Rclho ecddm` gr 7: Igs 73=: clrpmg` ae 73=7, Cl pom gfrmlbm ae g igpvcb}dgpcal bmv)

pcecbgpm$ g rboaad dmguclh bmvpcecbgpm evai pom rboaad /Fcvdg Z}fdcb Rboaad$ Zcdglc# gl` g

bmvpcecbgpm evai pom }lcp /70 Vgkz}p# ae pom egpomv ae Hml Rclho$ c,m, Igkav Kghgp Rclho

`}ds rchlm` fs pom baiigl`clh aeecbmv$ xgr eavxgv`m` pa pom ]ZRB$ xocbo bdmgvdscl`cbgpm` pom @AF ae Hml Rclho gr 7: Igs 73=7,

Cp xgr g bdmgv bgrm ae mvvalma}r mlpvs gl` aumvrchop gr la rglm cl`cuc`}gd xcdd `mbdgvm

ocirmde ad`mv balpvg`cbpclh xogp cr balpgclm` cl pom àb}imlpr r}zzavpclh cp, Cp igs

fm mizogrcrm` pogp Hml Rclho xgr mdchcfdm eav L@G xcpo fapo @AFr ‒ 7: Igs 73=:

gl` 7: Igs 73=7,

Gbbav`clh pa pom Cl`cg Pa`gs gvpcbdm$ pom Gppavlms Hmlmvgd rpvmrrmr pogp pom ]ZRB eavicr —pa fm ecddm` cl pom bgl`c`gpm–r axl ogl`xvcpclh$ om ogr pa `mbdgvm ‥pom rpgpmimlpr gvm

pv}m’, Pom icrrclh dcln fmpxmml pom xav`r ‟`mbdgvm– gl` ‟pom rpgpmimlpr– cr icrbocmua}r,

Pom bavvmbp rmlpmlbm cr —C omvmfs `mbdgvm pogp pom rpgpmimlpr ig`m cl pom gzzdcbgpcal gvm pv}m

pa pom fmrp ae is nlaxdm`hm gl` fmdcme’, Pom xav`r ‟nlaxdm`hm gl` fmdcme– à bgpmv pa cl)

gùmvpmlp o}igl mvvavr,

Pom ]ZRB eavi cr alds gl ‟gzzdcbgpcal eavi–, Gl gzzdcbgpcal eavi bgl alds fm clcpcgd)

ds rbv}pclcrm`, Pom `mpgcdr ecddm` pomvmcl ogum pa fm umvcecm` fs apomv àb}imlpgvs

vmbav`r$ xocbo cl bgrm ae @AF cr pom igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm gl` cr balrc`mvm` }lci)

zmgbogfdm gl` ae hvmgpmrp muc`mlpcgvs ugd}m cl pom msmr ae dgx,

Gr zmv ]ZRB v}dmr$ zvcigbs ogr pa fm hcuml pa pom igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm eav umvces)

clh pom @AF, Og` cp lap fmml eav pocr pom ]ZRB xa}d` lap ogum vgcrm` g w}mvs pa bdgv)

ces pom @AF cl vmrzmbp ae Hml Rclho, Gl ]l`mv Rmbvmpgvs ae pom ]ZRB$ Rvc Nvcrogl$

xvapm pa Hml Rclho al 7? K}lm 7355;

—Xcpo vmemvmlbm pa sa}v gzzdcbgpcal eav pom gfaum mgiclgpcal$ C gi `cvmbpm` pa rgs pogp sa}

ogum bdgcim` 7:,:=,73=: gr `gpm ae fcvpo cl Bad, = ae pom gzzdcbgpcal$ xomvmgr cl pom bmvpcecbgpm

r}ficppm` fs sa} pom `gpm ae fcvpo cr roaxl gr 7:,:=,73=7, Sa} gvm vmw}cvm` pa bdgvces pom `cr)

bvmzglbs gl` clpcigpm pom bavvmbp `gpm ae fcvpo’,

R}frmw}mlpds$ pom igpvcb}dgpcal vmr}dpr xmvm a}p cl K}lm gl` Hml Rclho–r egpomv rmlp

pom ‟Zvaucrcalgd Bmvpcecbgpm– /@AF 7: Igs 73=7# al 60 K}lm 7355 pova}ho g rzmbcgd ba}vc)mv$ xocbo xgr gbnlaxdm`hm` cl xvcpclh fs pom ]ZRB, G bazs ae pom gbnlaxdm`hm)





imlp dmppmv cr gugcdgfdm xcpo pocr g}poav,

Pom igppmv xgr pomvmgepmv lmumv vgcrm` fs pom ]ZRB, R}bo bgrmr gvm lap vgvm gl` pom

]ZRB al vmbmcuclh zvaucrcalgd bmvpcecbgpm gddaxr g bgl`c`gpm pa balpcl}m al g zvauc)

rcalgd fgrcr pcdd vmbmczp ae pom avchclgd bmvpcecbgpm,

Pomvmeavm glsalm$ xoa$ fgrm` al pom ]ZRB eavi$ balpml`r pogp Hml Rclho xgr favl al 7:

Igs 73=: gl` lap 7: Igs 73=7 cr cizdsclh pogp Hml Rclho cr g dcgv$ ocr egpomv Igkav /dgpmv

Dp Bad# Kghgp Rclho xgr g dcgv$ gl` pom g}poavcpcmr gp pom Fcvdg Z}fdcb Rboaad$ Zcdglc$ xmvm cl

ballcuglbm xcpo pom egpomv gl` ral$ fmbg}rm ‟poms ba}d` poml eavmrmm pogp g 70)smgv)ad` dg`

xa}d` fm pom BAGR lap eav pxa smgvr f}p povmm smgvr' ‟Pocr cr dmhgdds gl` iavgdds zvmzarpmv)

a}r gl` vmzvmomlrcfdm,

Lap ‟boglhm– f}p ‟vmbpcecbgpcal–

Al baiicrrcalclh cl 738:$ Hml Rclho xgr crr}m` pom Cl`cgl Gvis C`mlpcps Bgv` fs

pom Cl`cgl Icdcpgvs Gbg`mis$ xocbo mlàvrmr ocr @AF gr 7: Igs 73=7, Cp cr afuca}r

pogp balrmw}mlp pa pom r}ficrrcal ae ocr zvaucrcalgd bmvpcecbgpm ocr @AF cl pom igcl

vmbav` xgr bavvmbpm`,

Cl 7387$ xoml Hml Rclho /poml rmbal` dcm}pmlglp# ucrcpm` ocr glbmrpvgd ucddghm gepmv

igls smgvr$ gr om lavigdds rzmlp ocr ugbgpcalr gp pom zdgbm ae zarpclh ae ocr egpomv$ omea}l` ocr avchclgd igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm, Pom bmvpcecbgpm og` pgnml g pavp}a}r ka}v)

lms ‒ c,m, Vgkgrpogl Rmbal`gvs Fagv` ae M`}bgpcal ‒ Fcvdg Z}fdcb Rboaad$ Zcdglc ‒ ocr

egpomv–r avchclgd }lcp /70 Vgkz}p# ‒ Vmxg Vmbv}cpclh Aeecbm gl` LBB$ Lgvlg}d /pom

pxa zdgbmr ocr egpomv r}frmw}mlpds rmvum`# ‒ gl` eclgdds pa ocr glbmrpvgd ucddghm,

Pom bmvpcecbgpm og` vmigclm` }lgppml`m`$ gr ocr egpomv og` iaum` a}p pa Focxglc

xomvm om mzcvm`, Hml Rclho clrpglpds r}ficppm` pom avchclgd bmvpcecbgpm pa Gvis OWr

GH Fvglbo pova}ho ocr }lcp 6 Vgkz}p, Ce pom @AF cl pom avchclgd bmvpcecbgpm xgr gp ugvc)glbm xcpo apomv vmbav`r$ pom GH–r Fvglbo xa}d` bmvpgclds ogum vgcrm` w}mvs,

Pom GH–r Fvglbo ogr balrcrpmlpds gl` bgpmhavcbgdds igclpgclm` pogp gdd vmbav`r gugcd)

gfdm xcpo cp pmrpces Hml Rclho–r @AF gp 7: Igs 73=7, Pom GH–r Fvglbo cr pom dmhcpc)

igpm gl` aeecbcgd vmbav` oad`mv ae gdd àb}imlpr, Xoml g VPC w}mvs xgr vgcrm` cl

Emfv}gvs 6:77 al Hml Rclho–r ghm vmbav`$ cp xgr `cvmbpm` pa pom GH–r Fvglbo gl` lap

pom IR Fvglbo,

Xocdm Hml Rclho xgr baiicrrcalm` cl 738:$ om r}ficppm` ocr avchclgd bmvpcecbgpm cl




Zghm = ae 3oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:77!:3!6:!xos)cr)glpals)zdgsclh)`}bnr)gl`)`vgnmr)xcpo)pom)gvis!

7387$ gl` pom Gvis Dcrp xgr z}fdcrom` cl pom smgv 7380)8=, Pomvmeavm$ pom balrcrpmlp

rpgl` fs balbmvlm` Icdcpgvs Rmbvmpgvcmr /IR# pogp gr zmv v}dmr$ —la vmw}mrp eav

boglhm!bavvmbpcal ae `gpm ae fcvpo xcdd fm mlpmvpgclm` gepmv g dgzrm ae pxa smgvr evai `gpm ae

baiicrrcal’ cr iapcugpm` gl` icrbocmua}r, Iapcugpm`$ gr pomvm xgr g hgz ae ea}v

smgvr fmpxmml pom baiicrrcalclh ae Hml Rclho gl` z}fdcbgpcal ae pom Gvis Dcrp,

Icrbocmua}r$ fmbg}rm pom xav` ‟bavvmbpcal– xgr ‟clrmvpm`– gr Hml Rclho og` balrcrpmlp)ds igclpgclm` pogp om ogr lap fmml grnclh eav ‟boglhm– $ f}p ‟bavvmbpcal– cl alm zgvpcb}dgv

zdgbm$ c,m, Gvis Dcrp,

Gvis Dcrp ogr la dmhgd rglbpcps

Clpacbgpm` fs pomcv f}vmg}bvgpcb zaxmv$ poms `cr`gcle}dds `cricrrm` pom egbp pogp

poms og` la g}poavcps xcpo vmrzmbp pa pom @AF ae gl aeecbmv$ pom vmgd b}rpa`cgl gl`

g}poavcps fmclh pom G`k}pglp Hmlmvgd Fvglbo, Cl g dmppmv `gpm` 67 K}lm 6::?$ pom icdc)pgvs rmbvmpgvs xvapm pa Hml Rclho$ —xm gvm balrpvgclm` pa igclpgcl sa}v aeecbcgd `gpm ae

fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=:$ gl` rgim igs ncl`ds fm vmedmbpm` cl gdd sa}v vmbav`r gl` àb}imlpr,

Pom GH–r fvglbo cr gbbav`clhds clpcigpm` pa giml` pom vmbav`r fmclh igclpgclm` fs pomi,’

Pom gfaum `cvmbpcal cr vc`cb}da}r, Ecvrpds$ pom IR fvglbo ogr la g}poavcps pa grn pom

GH–r Fvglbo pa boglhm cpr vmbav`r$ cl egbp cp cr apomvxcrm, Rmbal`ds$ @AF bgllap fm

boglhm` al g imvm `cvmbpcal ae g fvglbo ae Gvis OWr, Cl `cvmbpclh pom GH–r Fvglbo$

pom IR fvglbo$ cl cpr chlavglp imhgdaiglcg$ `c` lap balrc`mv xogp xa}d` ogzzml pa

Hml Rclho–r zgrrzavp$ `vcuclh dcbmlbm$ clr}vglbm$ zmlrcalr$ vmpcvmimlp fmlmecpr$ mpb,

Cl gls bgrm$ gugcdgfdm cleavigpcal r}hhmrpr pogp pom IR lmumv grnm` pom GH pa à ra,

Pom Gvis Dcrp al xocbo ugvca}r icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvcmr zvmicrm` pomcv bgrm roa}d` ecl`

cpr zdgbm cl pom xgrpmzgzmv fgrnmp gr egv gr @AF gl` cpr umvcecbgpcal cr balbmvlm`, Cp

gzzmgvr pogp pomrm aeecbmvr xmvm gb}pmds gxgvm ae pom aicrrcalr gl` egcdclhr ae pom IR

fvglbo pogp poms omg`m` gl` pomcv dmhgd dcicpgpcalr al pom crr}m gl` pomvmeavm vmravp)

m` pa clpcic`gpcal$ pom cizdcm` povmgp fmclh rgfapghm ae pom zvaiapcal cl bgrm Hml

Rclho `c` lap afms pomcv `cnpgp ae gbbmzpclh pom clbavvmbp `gpm ae fcvpo pogp pom IR

fvglbo og` vmbav`m`, Rgizdm pomrm;

—‥ xm gvm balrpvgclm` pa igclpgcl sa}v aeecbcgd `gpm ae fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=:$ gl` pom rgim

igs ncl`ds fm vmedmbpm` cl gdd sa}v vmbav`r‥ Zdmgrm gbnlaxdm`hm gl` balecvi gbbmzpglbm’

/dmppmv evai IR pa Hml UN Rclho `gpm` 67 Kgl}gvs 6::?#,





—Vmw}mrp ex` /eavxgv`# gbn /gbnlaxdm`hmimlp# gl` balecvi gbbmzpglbm ae `gpm ae fcvpo gr hcu)

ml cl zgvg = /ecum# ae dmppmv `gpm` 67 Kgl}gvs 6::?‥ /,# Ce vmzds lap vmbmcum` fs 7::: ovr al 6=

Kgl :? gbpcal `mmim` gzzvazvcgpm xcdd fm pgnml /,# /evai IR pa Hml Rclho `gpm` 60 Kgl

6::?#,

Albm cp emdp pogp cp og` r}bbmm`m` cl cpr bamvbcal fc`$ pom IR fvglbo$ cl g vgvm iaimlpae ighlglcicps$ balbm`m` cl Kgl}gvs 6::? cl g dmppmv `gpm` 6= Kgl}gvs 6::? pa pom

iclcrpvs ae `memlbm; —Fgrm` al ]ZRB baiicrrcalclh àb}imlpr gl` IR fvglbo vmbav`r$

Gvis Dcrp cl`cbgpm` pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae CB)60782 Dp Hml UN Rclho$ GURI$ SRI gr 7: Igs

73=:, Pom Aeecbmv og` cl`cbgpm` ocr `gpm ae fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=7 pa GH–r fvglbo fgrm` al

RRB bmvpcecbgpm crr}m` pa oci cl 7387 fs Vgkgrpogl Rmbal`gvs M`}bgpcal Fagv`, Pom `cboapa)

is ae vmbav`r fmpxmml GH–r vmbav`r gl` IR vmbav`r xgr lap vmbalbcdm` fmbg}rm ae dgbn ae ba)

av`clgpcal fmpxmml pom pxa fvglbomr gp pogp zaclp ae pcim, Pom aeecbmv og` gdra fmml imlpcal)

clh 7: Igs 73=7 cl gdd ocr GBV–r f}p pom IR fvglbo `c` lap rmmn bdgvcecbgpcal!vmbalbcdm ocr

`gpm ae fcvpo,’

Pom fahms ae ‟gbbmzpglbm–

Cl pom zvmrmlp balpmp cl pom gvis$ xomvmcl pom ka}vlms evai Igkav Hmlmvgd pa Hmlmv)

gd pgnmr alds ea}v pa ecum smgvr$ gls iclav cizm`cimlp$ pogp paa iapcugpm`$ bgl aumv)

vc`m pom mlpcvm dcem–r pacd gl` `mvgcd pom e}p}vm ae muml pom iarp }zvchop gl` balrbcml)

pca}r aeecbmv, Pom rpgnmr gvm$ pomvmeavm$ umvs ocho$ xocbo pom vmrzmbpcum icdcpgvs rmbvm)

pgvcmr$ gl` pomcv fmlmegbpavr mzdacpm` pa pom ocdp,

Hcuml pom ucpcgpm` bcvb}irpglbmr cp cr pomvmeavm zmvembpds dmhcpcigpm eav gls igl ae

bogvgbpmv pa f}s bal`cpcalgd vmzvcmum xoml mlkaclm` }zal fs ocr r}zmvcavr pogp om

pgnm g pmizavgvs }l`mvpgnclh `}m pa clmzdcbgfdm avhglcrgpcalgd balrpvgclpr xcpo g

zvaicrm ae }dpcigpm k}rpcbm gl` vm`mizpcal ae oala}v, Pogp cr mgbpds xogp Hml

Rclho `c`, Rgizdm pomrm;

—Xogpmumv `mbcrcal pgnml cl avhglc{gpcalgd clpmvmrp cr gbbmzpgfdm pa im’ /evai Hml Rclho al

60 Kgl 6::?#, Lapm; Pocr `c` lap rgpcres pom IR gl` xgr eaddaxm` fs g povmgpmlclh rchlgd,+

—Cl ucmx ae pom gfaum balrpvgclp gl` cl `crb}rrcal ae `gpm$ C xcdd imlpcal pom `gpm ae fcvpo gr

`cvmbpm`’, / Dmppmv evai Hml Rclho$ `gpm` 72 Kgl 6::?#,

Eclgdds$ Hml Rclho$ poml Gvis Baiigl`mv$ xvapm pa BAGR Hmlmvgd @mmzgn Ngzaav$ al :7

K}ds 6::?; —C og` la w}gdir cl hcuclh cl xvcpclh xogpmumv C xgr grnm` eav `mrzcpm is vmrmvug)





pcal‥ C ogum `mdcfmvgpm` gl` poa}hop aumv gdd grzmbpr ae pom crr}m gl` emmd baizmddm` pa fvclh cp

pa gl mpocbgd gl` dahcbgd balbd}rcal, Gp pom a}prmp$ C xa}d` dcnm pa nlax pom ‟balrpvgclp– iml)

pcalm` fs pom IR Fvglbo’,

Gls ‟gbbmzpglbm$– pogp paa }l`mv bamvbcal$ àmr lap boglhm pom iavgd gl` dmhgd zgvg)

impmvr, Rmde)`mbdgvgpcal av ‟gbbmzpglbm– ae @AF bgllap muml hmp sa} g `vcuclh dcbmlbmav zgrrzavp$ dmp gdalm ignm alm g BAGR, Iavmaumv$ pom hmlmvgd `c` vmzmgpm`ds gzzmgd

pa pom vmrc`}gd iavgd rmlrm ae pom balbmvlm` zaxmvr cl pom Gvis OWr$ f}p xgr

rpalmxgddm` fs pom zvm`mpmviclm` gl` ‟clucadgpm’ r}bbmrrcal rbomim rbvczpm` fs pom

rgim zmazdm xoa gvm cl pom àbnr pa`gs eav ugvca}r iavgd ucadgpcalr$ clbd}`clh gf}rm

ae pomcv ocho aeecbmr,

Cl`cg Pa`gs cr$ pomvmeavm$ rzap)al pa rgs> ‟–Al Igs 8$ poml @memlbm Rmbvmpgvs Zvg`mmz

N}igv lapm` pogp pom gimlìmlp ae pom gvis bocme–r `gpm ae fcvpo xa}d` cizgbp pomr}bbmrrcal zdgl,–– Xogp gdpmvlgpcumr àmr gl gvis aeecbmv ogum }l`mv pom bcvb}i)

rpglbmr1 E}vpomv$ pom Cl`cg Pa`gs gvpcbdm$ vchop gp pom a}prmp$ rgsr; —Gvis Bocme Hmlmvgd

UN Rclho rgc` om xgr favl cl 73=:‥’

E}vpomv pom Cl`cg Pa`gs gvpcbdm rgsr$ —‥cp hap oci povmm zvaiapcalr‥’, Pocr cr bai)

zdmpm icrvmzvmrmlpgpcal ae egbpr gl` pv}po, G àb}imlp `gpm` :7 K}ds 6:77 rchlm` fs

pom zvmrmlp Icdcpgvs Rmbvmpgvs Dp Hml HI Lgcv bgpmhavcbgdds rpgpmr;

—Al rbv}pcls ae zgrp vmbav`r zmvpgclclh pa rmdmbpcal fagv`r$ cp ogr fmml afrmvum` pogp pom

I@Rr zmvpgclclh pa CB)60782 Hml UN Rclho$ ZURI$ GURI$ SRI$ G@B$ xocbo xmvm

`vgxl }z gp pom pcim ae ocr balrc`mvgpcal fs ugvca}r rmdmbpcal fagv`r eav zvaiapcal pa rmdmbp

vglnr$ vmedmbp pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae hmlmvgd aeecbmv gr 7: Igs 73=7,

Hml Rclho lmumv ‟rgc`– av ‟gìcppm`– f}p xgr ‟gdpmvlgpcumds bamvbm` gl` ig`m pa emmd

afdchgpm` pa gbbmzp pom `cvmbpcalr ae ocr rmlcavr cl pom zdmg ae avhglcrgpcalgd clpmvmrpr–$gl` xgr zdgbgpm` fs grr}vglbmr ae vm`mmiclh ocr zarcpcal,Hml Rclho roa}d` ogum vm)




Zghm ? ae 3oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:77!:3!6:!xos)cr)glpals)zdgsclh)`}bnr)gl`)`vgnmr)xcpo)pom)gvis!

gdcrm` pogp pomrm rgim eavbmr ba}d` ogum rmppdm` pom igppmv cl g emx `gsr ce$ al pom `c)

vmbpcal ae IA@$ poms og` bal`}bpm` gl clw}cvs gl` vmbalbcdm` pom @AF fgrm` al pom

muc`mlpcgvs gl` r}zzavpclh àb}imlpr omd` xcpo pom GH–R Fvglbo$ pom dmhcpcigpm

b}rpa`cgl, F}p pogp xgr lmumv pom clpmlpcal'

Lapmr pa Pgfdm 6;+ Pom Cl`cg Pa`gsgvpcbdm ogr w}apm` pom Gppavlms Hmlmvgd; —zadcbm

umvcecbgpcal cl 7355 gdra roaxr `gpm ae fcvpo gr 73=:’, Pom àb}imlpr gugcdgfdm xcpo

pocr g}poav rzmgn apomvxcrm, Pomrm àb}imlpr gvm; umvcecbgpcal àlm fs @CH BC@ CF

Vgkgrpogl uc`m ocr dmppmv La, BCD!RF!UV)H! /U)?# 50!55!005= Kgcz}v `gpm`

66!:5!7355$ Rmvcgd 5 ae CGEE/Z#)70$ gl` umvcecbgpcal fs ROA Focxglc$ RZ Ocrrgv$ @cr)

pvcbp Ighcrpvgpm$ Ocrrgv$ gl` g}pomlpcbgpm` fs @CH BC@ Z}lkgf rchlm` fs @CH/BC@#

Z}lkgf Rgvxglp Rclho dmppmv La, 763=!IG! `gpm 66 K}ds 55, Cp igs fm lapm` pogp

Ogvsglg og` lap rmzgvgpm` evai Z}lkgf poml, Pomrm dmppmvr bgpmhavcbgdds hcum Hmlmvgd

UN Rclho–r @AF gr 7: Igs 73=7,++ Al 2: Igvbo 6:77$ I@ Zgdcgpo$ C@GR$ Zvclbczgd

Balpvaddmv$ xvapm pa Dp Hml UN Bogp}vum`c$ @cvmbpav Hmlmvgd ae Iglzaxmv Zdgllclh$

GH–r Fvglbo ; —C ecl` evai vmbav`r igclpgclm` omvm /bazs ae Eavi)G gp pom pcim ae baiicr)

rcal mlbdarm`# pogp pom `gpm ae fcvpo ae pom BAGR Hml UN Rclho cr gdvmg`s roaxl gr 7: Igs

73=7’,+++ Pom `gpm ae fcvpo /7: Igs 73=:# mlpmvm` cl pom ]ZRB eavi xgr lap fgbnm`

fs gls àb}imlpgvs zvaae, Cp xgr w}mrpcalm` gl` g bdgvcecbgpcal xgr ra}hop fs ]ZRBcprmde, Hml UN Rclho zvaizpds og` r}ficppm` àb}imlpr$ xocbo r}zzavpm` ocr bal)





pmlpcal pogp pom mlpvs cl pom gzzdcbgpcal eavi xgr mvvalma}r gl` ocr `gpm ae fcvpo xgr

7: Igs 73=7,

++++ Pom @AF cl pom Gvis Dcrp xgr imvm zmvzmp}gpcal fs pom balbmvlm` fvglbo ae

pom mvvalma}r mlpvs ecddm` cl pom ]ZRB eavi$ xocbo ]ZRB og` vmbpcecm` dalh gha,

Balbd}rcal



:3!:2!76 7:;72 GIXoa–r pvsclh pa ec pom Gvis Bocme fs vgnclh }z ocr ghm1

Zghm 7 ae =oppz;!!bglgvspvgz,cl!6:77!:8!7=!xoa–r)pvsclh)pa)ec)pom)gvis)bocme)fs)vgnclh)}z)ocr)ghm!


FS VRL RCLHO

Pom RRB$ Ochomv Rmbal`gvs av 76po Rpgl`gv` fagv`

bmvpcecbgpmr }r}gdds rmvum gr }lcizmgbogfdm vmbav`rbalecviclh alm–r `gpm ae fcvpo /@AF#, Pom R}zvmim

Ba}vp$ paa$ ogr v}dm` ra cl }lgifch}a}r pmvir,

F}p raim umrpm` clpmvmrpr clrc`m gl` a}prc`m pom

ba}lpvs gvm `mrzmvgpmds pvsclh pa p}vl pocr rcizdm

vmgdcps }zrc`m àxl cl pom bgrm ae pom zvmrmlp

Gvis Bocme$ Hml UN Rclho, Poms ogum$ eav umvs

dalh$ fmml mlhghm` cl r}fumvpclh pom umvs clrpcp})

pcal ae pom Bocme ae pom Gvis Rpgee /BAGR# fs mlhc)

lmmvclh g balpvaumvrs gfa}p pom ghm ae pom zvmrmlp clb}ifmlp$ zarrcfds xcpo pom c`mg

ae r}zzdglpclh oci xcpo g balumlcmlp gl` zdcgfdm aeecbmv,

Gdd pova}ho ocr bgvmmv$ pcdd om fmbgim Dp Hml$ UN Rclho–r @AF /7: Igs 73=7#$ gr vm)

edmbpm` cl ocr igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm$ xgr pgnml gr pv}m gl` ugdc`, Oaxmumv$ umvs

dgpm cl ocr bgvmmv$ xoml om gzzmgvm` al pom rbmlm gr pom rpvalhmrp balpml`mv eav pomzarp ae gvis bocme$ raimalm egfvcbgpm` g balpvaumvrs fs bdgciclh om xgr g smgv ad`mv$

gl` pogp ocr `gpm ae fcvpo xgr 7: Igs 73=:$ fgrm` al dmhgdds }lpmlgfdm gvh}imlpr,

Cp cr baiial nlaxdm`hm cl gvis bcvbdmr pogp f}p eav g rzmbcecb r}bbmrrcal zdgl clcpcgp)

m` raim smgvr gha fs g zvmuca}r clb}ifmlp$ pom ‟ghm– balpvaumvrs cl vmrzmbp ae Hml

Rclho xa}d` lmumv ogum r}vegbm`, Xos `c` pomrm umrpm` clpmvmrpr zdgbm r}bo g zvmic)

}i al pomcv r}bbmrrcal zdgl1 Xos `c` poms pvs pa zvmumlp Hml Rclho evai fmbaiclh

BAGR1

Pom ghm balpvaumvrs zarmr raim umvs rmvca}r w}mrpcalr, Xos cr pom `crbaieavp dmumd

xcpo Hml Rclho ra ocho cl bmvpgcl w}gvpmvr1 Cr om fmclh pgvhmpm` eav fmclh lal)zdcgfdm$

}zvchop gl` clpadmvglp ae bavv}zpcal1 Cr pomvm g `mrchl pa xmgnml pom zvaemrrcalgd

iaavclhr ae pom Cl`cgl gvis fs iglcz}dgpclh gl` gppgbnclh cpr iavgd gl` rabcgd egf)

vcb1

Omvm cr pom clrc`m àzm,





Cp cr gfa}p r}bbmrrcal; Pom balpvaumvrs cr lap imvmds gfa}p pom ghm gl` pml}vm ae pom

zvmrmlp bocme, Iavm cizavpglpds$ cp cr gfa}p g r}bbmrrcal zdgl rbvczpm` g emx smgvr

fgbn /cl 6::5# fs lalm apomv pogl pom poml gvis bocme, Pom r}bbmrrcal rbvczp lgp}vgdds

gppvgbpm` umrpm` clpmvmrpr cl pom eavi ae zadcpcbcglr$ gvir imvboglpr$ f}rclmrriml gl`

apomv gifcpca}r gvis aeecbmvr, Pom balpvaumvrs lmm`r pa fm$ pomvmeavm$ }l`mvrpaa` cl

cpr mlpcvmps,

Cp cr g iavgd crr}m; Pom balpvaumvrs vgcrmr w}mrpcalr gfa}p pom rpgpm ae omgdpo ae pom

Cl`cgl Gvis$ `mlpclh cpr umvs m`cecbm, Rmlcav aeecbmvr$ `mzml`clh al pomcv bgvmmv bgd)

b}dgpcalr$ gvm `cuc`m` aumv pom crr}m, Pom daxmv vgln)gl`)ecdm imifmvr ae pom gvis

zmvbmcum pom balpvaumvrs cl pom igllmv poms gvm em` fs pom vcugd bgizr, Pom aumvgdd

balrmw}mlbm cr pogp pom cighm ae pom gvis gl` pom oala}v gl` iavgd g}poavcps ae cpr

bocme ogr lmumv fmml gppgbnm` ra ucbca}rds fs clrc`mvr gl` umrpm` clpmvmrpr eav lal)

azmvgpcalgd vmgralr,

Pom Zgncrpglc zvmrr cr rzmb}dgpclh gfa}p pom crr}m$ gl` ogr fmml vgcrclh à}fpr gfa}p

pom omgdpo ae pom Cl`cgl Gvis gl` cpr }lcps, Xoml gl gvis bocme ua}bomr eav g rcizdm

`mpgcd dcnm ocr `gpm ae fcvpo$ cp roa}d` fm gbbmzpm` gr r}bo$ }ldmrr pomvm gvm o}hm vmg)

ralr pa à}fp pogp zmvral–r pv}poe}dlmrr, Pom zaclp cr$ pom zrsboadahcbgd clpmhvcps ae

pom gvis ogr fmml evgsclh aumv pom smgvr, Hml Rclho–r ‟ghm– balpvaumvrs roa}d` po}r

lap fm ucmxm` cl cradgpcal, Cp cr gbp}gdds g iglcemrpgpcal ae pom `mpmvcavgpcal$ icr}rmgl` r}fumvrcal ae pom aeecbm ae pom BAGR eav lmgvds g `mbg`m,

Xoa bvmgpm` pom balpvaumvrs1 Gl cizvmrrcal cr fmclh ra}hop pa fm balumsm` fs Hml

Rclho–r `mpvgbpavr pogp om e}`hm` ocr ghm k}rp pa ‟mlkas– pom aeecbm ae BAGR eav gl g`)

`cpcalgd smgv, Pocr cr g pvgumrps ae pv}po, Pom egbp cr ocr ghm xgr lmumv gl crr}m

pova}hoa}p ocr bgvmmv, Lav xgr pom crr}m mumv vgnm` }z fs Gvis OW av muml pom `m)

emlbm iclcrpvs gr om varm pa pom vgln ae Dp Hml xcpo ocr `gpm ae fcvpo roaxclh 7: Igs

73=7, Pom crr}m xgr ecvrp vgcrm` cl 6::5$ xoml pom gvis bocme zvmzgvm` g r}bbmrrcalzdgl haclh àxlxgv`r rmumvgd dmumdr, Cp cr xmdd)nlaxl pogp om vgnm` }z pom crr}m pa

mlr}vm pom zgrrghm ae alm ae ocr egua}vcpmr$ gzzgvmlpds al rmbpgvcgl balrc`mvgpcalr$ pa

pom aeecbm ae BAGR, Cl pocr bgrm$ om og` zdgllm` eav r}bbmrrcal povmm clpmvumlpcalr fm)

dax,

Pom dmhgd gl` eclglbcgd cizdcbgpcalr; Xoml zvmzgvclh pocr zgvpcb}dgv r}bbmrrcal

zdgl$ pom rgc` gvis bocme xmlp fs pom Gvis Dcrp$ xocbo hcumr Hml Rclho–r `gpm ae

fcvpo gr 7: Igs 73=:, Pom Gvis Dcrp cr zvmzgvm` fs pom icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs /IR#





fvglbo gl` balpgclr iclcigd `mpgcdr, Pom fvglbo apomvxcrm `mgdr xcpo zarpclhr$ zva)

iapcalr$ `mz}pgpcalr$ gl` vmpcvmimlp$ gl` cr lap pom dmhgd vmzarcpavs av apomvxcrm ae

zmvralgd gl` egicds `mpgcdr ae gl aeecbmv, Vchop evai pom pcim gl aeecbmv mlpmvr pom

pvgclclh gbg`mis pcdd om vmpcvmr gl` muml gepmv$ gdd vmbav`r gvm igclpgclm` fs pom g`k})

pglp hmlmvgd /GH# fvglbo, Pom GH fvglbo bdmgvds z}pr Hml Rclho–r ghm gr 7: Igs

73=7,

Cp igs gdra fm zaclpm` a}p pogp Hml Rclho varm pa pom vgln ae Dp Hml gepmv gzzmgvclh

fmeavm rmumvgd zvaiapcal fagv`r ‒ gdd ae xocbo gbbmzpm` ocr Igs 73=7 `gpm ae fcvpo,

Pom fagv`r xocbo bdmgvm` ocr zvaiapcal evai fvchg`cmv pa igkav)hmlmvgd pa dcm})

pmlglp hmlmvgd xmvm mlàvrm` fs pom zvcim iclcrpmv ocirmde, Ce pom balpmlpcal ae pom

icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs fvglbo cr pogp Hml Rclho xgr favl cl 73=:$ poml gdd ocr zvaiapcalr

xmvm cddmhgd gl` ogum o}hm eclglbcgd cizdcbgpcalr, Cl egbp$ pom dmhgdcps ae ocr mlpcvm bg)

vmmv baimr }l`mv w}mrpcal,

Al 70 @mbmifmv 6::8$ pom `memlbm iclcrpvs og` w}mvcm` pom IR fvglbo eav vmbav`clh

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—Mlw}cvs lap pa fm bal`}bpm`,’ Pocr cl`cbgpmr pogp umrpm` clpmvmrpr xmvm pvsclh pa rmp)

pdm pom ghm crr}m xcpoa}p gl mlw}cvs,

F}cd`clh }z pom balpvaumvrs; Pom rgc` gvis bocme$ cl av`mv pa meembp ocr axl r}bbmr)

rcal zdgl$ gbpcugpm` ocr icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs pa ogl`cbgz Hml Rclho–r boglbmr fs hmlmv)

gpclh pom ghm balpvaumvrs, Xcpo pom rgim `}fca}r clpmlpcal$ gl mzdglgpcal xgr

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bdgcir pa pom zarp ae BAGR xmvm lap geembpm`, Cp xgr pom egpm ae Hml Rclho–r r}bbmrrav

xocbo `mzml`m` al pomrm `gpmr, Pom rgc` gvis bocme–r zvapãhã xa}d` ogum ig`m cp pa

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m`}bgpcalgd clrpcp}pcal al haumvlimlp dgl`, Rclbm pom gvis og` g nms bavzr rpgpcalm`

lmgv R}nlg$ cpr LAB xgr ucpgd pa pocr zvakmbp, Pom zmvral xoa gddmhm`ds zdgsm` g nms

vadm cl pom rbgi xgr pom icdcpgvs rmbvmpgvs ocirmde, Om$ gdalh xcpo igls apomvr$ cr

egbclh pvcgd fs pom k}`cbcgvs, Vmzavpm`ds$ pom rgim daffs ogr fmml kaclm` fs pom

G`gvro Rabcmps rbgi daffs pa `crda`hm Hml Rclho,

Pom gvir daffs igs gdra fm gp xavn, Pomvm gvm clrcl}gpcalr pogp alm vmpcvm` Dp Hml$





xoa cr `gffdclh cl pom gvir f}rclmrr$ ogr fmml gbpcum cl pom fc` pa r}zzds Pgpvg umoc)

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pom gvis bocme ogr p}vlm` cp àxl$ clucpclh pom xvgpo ae pocr r}zzdcmv gl` igls apo)

mvr ae ocr cdn,

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cp }zal ocirmde pa gvvmrp pocr `mbdclm cl cpr cighm, Pocr cr alm vmgral xos azzarcpcal

pa oci igs fm f}cd`clh, Alm rmlcav aeecbmv$ xoa rpgl`r pa fmlmecp pom iarp ce Rclho cr

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uadpm egbm gl` povmx cpr xmchop fmocl` pom 73=: fcvpo `gpm, Lap pa fm dmep fmocl`$ alm

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fmd gbpcal$ pom bogllmd ogrpcds fgbnpvgbnm`,

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73=7, Ocr zvaucrcalgd igpvcb}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm gdra bgvvcmr pom rgim `gpm, Pom `gpm

boglhm balpvaumvrs avchclgpm` xcpo alm ae ocr pmgbomvr$ FR Fogplghgv$ xoa xgr nmml

al rml`clh pom igci}i l}ifmv ae rp}`mlpr pa pom Lgpcalgd @memlbm Gbg`mis

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mvvav xgr ocr,

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mgi$ pom glaigds fmpxmml pom eavir ecddm` fs Fogplghgv gl` ocr zvaucrcalgd igpvcb)

}dgpcal bmvpcecbgpm xgr lapcbm` gp pom ]lcal Z}fdcb Rmvucbmr Baiicrrcal /]ZRB#$ f}p

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ogr la dmhgd rglbpcps$ pogp Hml Rclho–r `mpvgbpavr gvm }rclh pa z}p ocr @AF clpa w}mr)

pcal, Cl mumvs r}frmw}mlp àb}imlp$ fgvvclh pom Gvis Dcrp `crom` a}p fs pom icdcpgvs

rmbvmpgvs fvglbo$ pom vchop @AF gzzmgvr,

Rclho–r azpcalr; ]l`mv pom bcvb}irpglbmr$ xogp bgl g bocme à1 Pom azpcal ae vmrchl)




clh cl `crh}rp xgr v}dm` a}p gr cp xa}d` ra}l` dcnm gl gìcrrcal ae `memgp av muml

h}cdp, Haclh pa ba}vp xa}d` gdra ogum rmp g fg` zvmbm`mlp, Clrpmg`$ pom GH fvglbo

rmlp pom zgzmvr pa ea}v vmpcvm` bocme k}rpcbmr ae Cl`cg eav pomcv azclcal, Gdd ae pomi

}lglcia}rds ghvmm` pogp pom 73=7 `gpm xgr pom bavvmbp alm,

Pom w}mrpcal cr pocr; xoa fmlmecpr evai pocr balpvaumvrs1 Gzgvp evai pom aeecbmvr xoaigs mzmbp pa rpmz clpa ocr roamr$ cp cr alds pom ba}lpvs–r mlmicmr$ rclbm g balpvaumvrs

gp pom paz bgl alds `miavgdcrm pom gvim` eavbmr, Iavmaumv$ muml grr}iclh Hml Rclho

xgr g smgv ad`mv$ xogp roa}d` g haumvlimlp à1 Hmp vc` ae oci$ av pgnm }z pom igppmv

gepmv om vmpcvmr cl g w}cmp gl` }lafpv}rcum xgs1



Zmvrzmbpcum gl` Icdcpgvs Egbpav cl Zgncrpgl$ om cr gdra g bad}ilcrp eav Bglgvs Pvgz,Pocr zarp xgr ecvrp z}fdcrom` al Ecvrpzarp al K}ds 72$ 6:77#

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