Drilling Rig Selection - Guidelines Only]

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION GUIDELINESGUIDELINES

DRILLING RIGSDRILLING RIGS-- GeneralGeneral

Selection of Land drilling rig should be based on planed depth aSelection of Land drilling rig should be based on planed depth and well construction in the long term drilling activities. nd well construction in the long term drilling activities. More important is to decide area of activity.More important is to decide area of activity.

Nort Africa, Middle east and partlly Caspian regionNort Africa, Middle east and partlly Caspian region: Majority of drilling contracts (activities) are related with : Majority of drilling contracts (activities) are related with drilling wells depth range 3000 to 4500m (dominantlly deeper thedrilling wells depth range 3000 to 4500m (dominantlly deeper then 3900m).n 3900m).

Caspian region:Caspian region: Still have great activities at depth range up to 3600m.

This fact determine drilling rig type selection. If rig is planed to work depth range up to 3600m then is prefferable to select mobile, telescopic drilling rig rated up to 1000 HP.

Drilling rig name is dictated bu name of Drawworks.

Rig depth rating is determined by:Rig depth rating is determined by:1.1. Draworks capacityDraworks capacity2.2. Mast capacityMast capacity3.3. Crown block and travelling block capacityCrown block and travelling block capacity4.4. Drilling line size and pulling forceDrilling line size and pulling force

Some drawworks producer with number part of draworks name denoteSome drawworks producer with number part of draworks name denotes year of constructing, other most of them gives s year of constructing, other most of them gives rated capacity of draworks. rated capacity of draworks.


Advantage:Advantage: Smaller investment at startSmaller investment at start Faster movingLess truck loadsLess area for well siteSmaller waste pitLess number of drilling crewLess sparet parts stock

Disadvantage: Stands in the double- slow triping When drill deeper with 4 ½” DP or less, greater pressure drops. Restricted running depth of intermediate casing if well construction is complex due overpressure and lost circulation zones. Mostly mechanical rigs – high noise level. Mud pump SPM restricted due drive diesel engine. Required 3

liner sizeRestricted height bellow rotary table for BOP stackLess surface of drilling floor – safety DP length restricted on bottom length limit.

Advantage:Advantage:Stands in the tripple – faster tripping Porefull equipment – drawwork over 1000 HP, mud

pumps over 1000 HPUses 5” DP – at greater depth less pressure losses.Havy casing string run deeper –Hook loads over 200 tDiesel electric drive.Flexible range of RPM and SPMSubstructure higher and drilling floor greater area.DP length upper limit for rangeBetter Contractor’s References.Disadvantage: Greater investmens at startMore days for movingMore truck loadsLonger rigging upLarge surface of well siteMore personnel –more experienced and specialistHavy drilling and handling equipmentMore investment for spare part stock

MOBILE DRILLING RIGSMOBILE DRILLING RIGSSTATIONARY DRILLING RIGSSTATIONARY DRILLING RIGS

If compare stationaru and mobile drilling rig we can notice follIf compare stationaru and mobile drilling rig we can notice following advantageowing advantage-- disadvantages:disadvantages:


125125500 (368)500 (368)

180180180180700 (515)700 (515)

2202202202201000 (735)1000 (735)

3603601500 (1100)1500 (1100)

5005002000 (1470)2000 (1470)

7507503000 (2200)3000 (2200)

100010004000 (2940)4000 (2940)

150015005000 (3728)5000 (3728)

9090--100100300 (220)300 (220)

8080250 (184)250 (184)

7575200 (147)200 (147)

6060150 (110)150 (110)

MOBILE RIGSMOBILE RIGSCONVENTIONAL RIGSCONVENTIONAL RIGS

HOOK LOAD CAPACITY (tons)HOOK LOAD CAPACITY (tons)DRAWORKS RATED POWERDRAWORKS RATED POWERHP (kW)HP (kW)

MOBILE DRILLING RIGMOBILE DRILLING RIG

..

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

Basic configuration of Drawworks is:Basic configuration of Drawworks is:MAIN DRUM:MAIN DRUM:Main drum of drawworks (Fig. 1) is intended to create enough fMain drum of drawworks (Fig. 1) is intended to create enough force in the single line by wounding or reorce in the single line by wounding or re--wounding wounding drilling line while RIH , POOH or during drilling to slowlly reldrilling line while RIH , POOH or during drilling to slowlly release weight on bit. Single line pull force depends on ease weight on bit. Single line pull force depends on drawworks input power and drilling line size. Diameter and lendrawworks input power and drilling line size. Diameter and length of drum are in the direct relation with mast heightgth of drum are in the direct relation with mast heightdrilling line size and number of lines (determines hook load drilling line size and number of lines (determines hook load capacity). Usually drum is grooved for selected drilling capacity). Usually drum is grooved for selected drilling

line size for beter wounding line size for beter wounding –– extending usable life of drilling line. extending usable life of drilling line. Brake rimsBrake rims are designed for band brake or for are designed for band brake or for disc brake. Brake rims surface depends of drawworks rated capacidisc brake. Brake rims surface depends of drawworks rated capacity. Other components design depends on the type ofty. Other components design depends on the type ofrih (conventional or mobile) and drive (diesel mechanic or diesrih (conventional or mobile) and drive (diesel mechanic or diesel electiric).el electiric).

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

Cat head:Cat head:Cat head is mechanical device for MakingCat head is mechanical device for Making--up or Breakingup or Breaking--out thread connection during connecting orout thread connection during connecting ortriping. Pulling force created by cat head in the combination otriping. Pulling force created by cat head in the combination of length of roetary tongs lever, should bef length of roetary tongs lever, should beenought for creating necessary torque when connecting. Whenactienought for creating necessary torque when connecting. Whenactivate at drilervate at driler’’s panel cathead s panel cathead control switch, friction plates at cat head matches and transfercontrol switch, friction plates at cat head matches and transfer force to pulling line.force to pulling line.MakeMake--up cat head is located at LH side of drawworks, breakup cat head is located at LH side of drawworks, break--out cat head on RH side.out cat head on RH side.

Most popular are cat heads:Most popular are cat heads: FOSTER , FOSTER , KelCo Model 12 (for DP 4 KelCo Model 12 (for DP 4 ½”½” shallow wells) and Model 16 for deep drilling.shallow wells) and Model 16 for deep drilling. American Model 55American Model 55

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

MakeMake--up & Breakup & Break--out hydraulic cylinders:out hydraulic cylinders:With mobile drilling rig catheads are problem when moving and duWith mobile drilling rig catheads are problem when moving and during operating. Mobile rig is too ring operating. Mobile rig is too wide for transport and to avoid disassembling and during riggingwide for transport and to avoid disassembling and during rigging up again instaling cat head today inup again instaling cat head today inyse are hydraulic cylinder with pulling force 10t.yse are hydraulic cylinder with pulling force 10t.

They are installed on the mast verticallyat height 3They are installed on the mast verticallyat height 3--6m over drill floor, and pulling line is run down at 6m over drill floor, and pulling line is run down at height appr. 1m over floor, pasing between 2 set of rolles changheight appr. 1m over floor, pasing between 2 set of rolles changing direction of line for 90ing direction of line for 900 0 and and connecting to rotary tongs.connecting to rotary tongs.

HYDRAULIC BRAKEHYDRAULIC BRAKE

Each diesel mechanic drilling and workover rig is equiped with hEach diesel mechanic drilling and workover rig is equiped with hydrailic brake. Most popular Model areydrailic brake. Most popular Model areproduced by company PARMAC.produced by company PARMAC.

At drilling rigs when triping heavy drilling strings weighteningAt drilling rigs when triping heavy drilling strings weightening over 20 t it is very dificult that driller over 20 t it is very dificult that driller using band brake safely hold that load. Another reason is to avousing band brake safely hold that load. Another reason is to avoid overheating brake pads.id overheating brake pads.

They are producting in the sizes to meet every need for drillingThey are producting in the sizes to meet every need for drilling to depths well up to 10000m and for to depths well up to 10000m and for allsize of workover rigs. In the next table is given range of siallsize of workover rigs. In the next table is given range of sizes and maximum recommended zes and maximum recommended operating speeds.operating speeds.

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

..

12000120003503501515V295V295

10000100004804801515V200V200

900090004504501515481481

850085005005001515451451

80008000375375151560SR60SR

70007000500500151546SR46SR

750075006006001515342A342A

750075006006001515342342

600060006006001515341A341A

600060006006001515341341

600060008508501515262262

550055009009001515SSR28SSR28

50005000155015501515VV--8080

4000400015501550252522DR22DR

30003000155015502525202202

2500250015501550252522SR22SR

15001500155015502525201201

16001600230023002525122122

800800230023002525121121

1600160023002300252515DR15DR

500500230023002525112112--500500

300300230023002525111111--300300

Breaking Breaking torque torque

Capacity Capacity HPHP

Max.speedMax.speedRPMRPM

Max.press.Max.press.psipsi

SizeSize

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

Bigger mobile drilling rigs and most convential drilling rigs prBigger mobile drilling rigs and most convential drilling rigs produced today ate Diesel electric rig. oduced today ate Diesel electric rig. Drawworks for this rigs have electric drive ba AC or DC motoreDrawworks for this rigs have electric drive ba AC or DC motore, usualy two. And instead hydraulic , usualy two. And instead hydraulic brake have Electromagnetic brake (Eddy current brake).brake have Electromagnetic brake (Eddy current brake).

ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKE Model 7838ELECTROMAGNETIC BRAKE Model 7838

Max Breaking Torque: 117.000 lbMax Breaking Torque: 117.000 lb--ft Volrage: ft Volrage: 250V DC250V DCNominal drilling depth: 10000 ftNominal drilling depth: 10000 ft Input power:Input power: 23 kW23 kWNo. Og magnet 2No. Og magnet 2 Cooling water:Cooling water: 150 Gall/min.150 Gall/min.No. Of coil: No. Of coil: 44

DRAWWORKSDRAWWORKS

Crownblock protecting deviceCrownblock protecting deviceIs air operating device which have to prevent collision of the tIs air operating device which have to prevent collision of the traveling block with the crown block. raveling block with the crown block.

When traveling block is within a preset distance from zthe crownWhen traveling block is within a preset distance from zthe crown block, it disengaged the clutch block, it disengaged the clutch and simultaneously applies the brakes to the drawworks.and simultaneously applies the brakes to the drawworks.

SAND DRUMSAND DRUM

Sand drum on the drilling rigs is not obligatoru part od equipmeSand drum on the drilling rigs is not obligatoru part od equipment.nt.Sand drum at drilling rig is in the use when aftter finish drilSand drum at drilling rig is in the use when aftter finish drilling there is necessary to complete well for ling there is necessary to complete well for production ( perforate casing, swabbing, runn tubing, etc.).production ( perforate casing, swabbing, runn tubing, etc.).

Wire line is ussually 3/8Wire line is ussually 3/8”” anr xdrum capacity is greater than deilling line capacita at maanr xdrum capacity is greater than deilling line capacita at main drum.in drum.

MOBILE DRILLING RIGMOBILE DRILLING RIG

Mobile rigsMobile rigs Smaler drum size and older construction have brake Smaler drum size and older construction have brake

flanges designed to accomodate band brake. High flanges designed to accomodate band brake. High capacity mobile righ today are designed and to capacity mobile righ today are designed and to accomodate disc brake. accomodate disc brake.

Mobile drilling rigs, due small dimension, usually are Mobile drilling rigs, due small dimension, usually are diesel mechanic. Only higher rated capacity rigs can diesel mechanic. Only higher rated capacity rigs can be diesel electric.be diesel electric.

Racking board to have three position.Racking board to have three position. Raising mast upper section can be by wire rope Raising mast upper section can be by wire rope

(simple maintenance and low cost) or by hydraulic (simple maintenance and low cost) or by hydraulic cylinder.cylinder.

Upper section locking device by Upper section locking device by ““dogsdogs”” (4 pcs) or by (4 pcs) or by two pins.two pins.

Usually have one stand pipe.Usually have one stand pipe. Substructure to be telescopic.Substructure to be telescopic. To have provision for rat and mouse hole.To have provision for rat and mouse hole. Racking boadr equiped with air operated winch 1 ton Racking boadr equiped with air operated winch 1 ton

to assist derricman.to assist derricman. Casing stabing board with air winchCasing stabing board with air winch

DRILLING RIG DRILLING RIG –– MAST TELESCOPICMAST TELESCOPIC

-- Telescopic mast installed on the mobile rigs are critical with Telescopic mast installed on the mobile rigs are critical with mast height. mast height. -- Declared mast height assume height from ground lavel to water taDeclared mast height assume height from ground lavel to water table ble

(Bottom of crown block).(Bottom of crown block).-- Usable height is total mast height minus substructure height.Usable height is total mast height minus substructure height.-- ExampleExample::

20 ft (6m)20 ft (6m)20 ft (6m)20 ft (6m)Substructure height, mSubstructure height, m

93 ft (28,38m)93 ft (28,38m)113.8ft (34,71m)113.8ft (34,71m)

3 ft (0,9m)3 ft (0,9m)3 ft (0,9m)3 ft (0,9m)Length of DP over rotary table when connectingLength of DP over rotary table when connecting

28,2ft (8,6m)28,2ft (8,6m)31,5ft (9,6m)31,5ft (9,6m)Drill pipe lengthDrill pipe length

2,6ft (0,8m)2,6ft (0,8m)4ft (1.20m)4ft (1.20m)Kelly saver subKelly saver sub

9,5m9,5m41ft (12,5m)41ft (12,5m)Kelly lengthKelly length

2,6ft (0,8m)2,6ft (0,8m)2,6ft (0,8m)2,6ft (0,8m)Upper kelly cock lengthUpper kelly cock length

12 1/2ft (3,81m)12 1/2ft (3,81m)12 1/2ft (3,81m)12 1/2ft (3,81m)Swivel length with XSwivel length with X--over and kelly spinnerover and kelly spinner

10,5ft (3,27m)10,5ft (3,27m)13 ft (3,90m)13 ft (3,90m)Hook block lengthHook block length

2m2m2m2mLength required for CBS reactionLength required for CBS reaction

98ft (29,87m)98ft (29,87m)124ft (37,89m124ft (37,89m))Usable mast height, mUsable mast height, m

118 ft (35.96m)118 ft (35.96m)144ft (43,89m)144ft (43,89m)Mast height, mMast height, m

Mobile rigMobile rigStandardStandard

DRILLING RIG DRILLING RIG –– MASTMAST

For rig capacity up to 200 ton crown block and traveling block hFor rig capacity up to 200 ton crown block and traveling block have 5 sheaves each so operates withave 5 sheaves each so operates with10 lines. If drilling shallow wells, for fater tripping it is p10 lines. If drilling shallow wells, for fater tripping it is posible to operate using 4 or 3 sheaves in the osible to operate using 4 or 3 sheaves in the system. In the such case running drilling line over sheaves mustsystem. In the such case running drilling line over sheaves must be performed according API RP 9B be performed according API RP 9B

Application, care and use of wire rope for Oilfield Service.Application, care and use of wire rope for Oilfield Service.

DRILLING RIG DRILLING RIG –– MAST MAST –– Crown blockCrown block

DRILLING RIG DRILLING RIG –– MAST MAST –– Traveling blockTraveling block

..

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– ROTARY TABLEROTARY TABLE

Rotary table should be at same lavel as drillig floor , both covRotary table should be at same lavel as drillig floor , both covered with anti sliding material.ered with anti sliding material.


Rotary table opening depens on casing design.Rotary table opening depens on casing design.ExampleExample: If drilling rig 200 tons hook capacity should drill up to 390: If drilling rig 200 tons hook capacity should drill up to 3900m that assume that it will need to drill 260m that assume that it will need to drill 26”” and and to run casing 20to run casing 20”” at depth 30 or 100m. To perform that task it is neccesary to haat depth 30 or 100m. To perform that task it is neccesary to have rotary table opening 27 ve rotary table opening 27 ½”½”..

For running casing 20For running casing 20”” with elevator and casing slips it is good to have and Casing bowith elevator and casing slips it is good to have and Casing bowl inserts 20wl inserts 20””..

Rotary torque usually not specified, but it is allways greater tRotary torque usually not specified, but it is allways greater than critical torque gor drill pipes. DRILL PIPE TORQUE han critical torque gor drill pipes. DRILL PIPE TORQUE STRENGTH IS WEEAKEST POINT IN THE SYSTEM.STRENGTH IS WEEAKEST POINT IN THE SYSTEM.

For well dipeer than 3000m (or drill string havier than 115 ton)For well dipeer than 3000m (or drill string havier than 115 ton), it should be allweys used Pin drive kelly bushing, pin , it should be allweys used Pin drive kelly bushing, pin drive master bushing and SDU rotary slips.drive master bushing and SDU rotary slips.

PIN DRIVE BOWL INSERTS

API Insert bowlNo. 1 2 3/8”-8 5/8”No.2 9 5/8”-10 ¾”No.3 11 ¾”-13 3/8”


..

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– POWER EQUIPMENTPOWER EQUIPMENT

Each rig must be equiped with 2 generator set appropirately rateEach rig must be equiped with 2 generator set appropirately rated so that one work 12 hours andd so that one work 12 hours andsecond to be in the standba.second to be in the standba.

Basicaly rig rated 200 tons have following power consumption:Basicaly rig rated 200 tons have following power consumption:

-- 6060--110 Pcs. AC motors rated from 0,25 to 15 Kw that simultaniously 110 Pcs. AC motors rated from 0,25 to 15 Kw that simultaniously works at average works at average 90 kW90 kW-- 4 Pcs AC motors rated 75 Kw each (2 Mud hopper, one desilter and4 Pcs AC motors rated 75 Kw each (2 Mud hopper, one desilter and one desander one desander 150 kW150 kW-- 4 Pcs AC motors rated 35 kW each (two mud pumps, 2 compressor) 4 Pcs AC motors rated 35 kW each (two mud pumps, 2 compressor)

35 kW35 kW-- Heating / Cooling 7 Pcs air conditioner at 3 kW eachHeating / Cooling 7 Pcs air conditioner at 3 kW each 21 kW21 kW-- Rig lighteningRig lightening 10 kW10 kW

TOTAL: 306 kWTOTAL: 306 kW

That means that best selection is 2 generators rated 320 kW EachThat means that best selection is 2 generators rated 320 kW Each as minimum and one auhiliary generator for as minimum and one auhiliary generator for moving rated 120 kW.moving rated 120 kW.

Switch gear box (MCC) to be equiped with air conditioner. Plug iSwitch gear box (MCC) to be equiped with air conditioner. Plug in connection out door one to one.n connection out door one to one. Mud agitators and shale shaker startMud agitators and shale shaker start--stop switch close to consumer.stop switch close to consumer. All electrical instalation EXd protected.All electrical instalation EXd protected.

COMPRESSORCOMPRESSOR-- One active and one standby compresor electricaly driven by 35kW One active and one standby compresor electricaly driven by 35kW motor AC.motor AC.-- One air drayerOne air drayer-- One air reservoir 6mOne air reservoir 6m33

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– MUD PUMPSMUD PUMPS

MUD PUMPMUD PUMP Two mud pumps 1000 HP 6 Two mud pumps 1000 HP 6 ¾”¾” x 10x 10””each independently driven with torque converter C300each independently driven with torque converter C300--6565 Two preTwo pre--charging centrifugal pumps 5x6 driven with AC motor 35charging centrifugal pumps 5x6 driven with AC motor 35--45 kW45 kW Pulsation dampener PDPulsation dampener PD--55 5000 psi WP55 5000 psi WP Suction dampener horizontalSuction dampener horizontal Pressure relief valve 1500Pressure relief valve 1500--5000 psi , reset, flanged5000 psi , reset, flanged Vibration discharge hose 3 Vibration discharge hose 3 ½”½” 5000 psi5000 psi Discharge manifold 4Discharge manifold 4”” 5000 psi welded connections5000 psi welded connections Liner selection 2, max 3 sizesLiner selection 2, max 3 sizes

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– BOPBOP’’ss

BOPBOP’’s for drilling rig 200 ton should be 13 5/8s for drilling rig 200 ton should be 13 5/8”” 10000 psi rated as follows:10000 psi rated as follows: AnnularAnnular blowout preventer 13 5/8blowout preventer 13 5/8”” 5000 psi bottom flanged5000 psi bottom flanged Double ramDouble ram blowout preventer 13 5/8blowout preventer 13 5/8”” 10000 psi WP, flanged, with two side outlets 410000 psi WP, flanged, with two side outlets 4””

10000psi flanged. Top cavity equiped with 4 10000psi flanged. Top cavity equiped with 4 ½”½” DP rams, bottom cavity CSODP rams, bottom cavity CSO-- blind rams.blind rams. Auxilliary rams 9 5 /8Auxilliary rams 9 5 /8”” one pair and 6 5/8one pair and 6 5/8”” or 7or 7”” casing rams.casing rams. Drilling spoolDrilling spool 13 5/813 5/8”” 10000 psi with two side outlets 410000 psi with two side outlets 4”” 10000psi flanged. 10000psi flanged. Addapter spoolAddapter spool 13 5/813 5/8”” 5000 psi x 13 5/85000 psi x 13 5/8”” 10000 psi, studded.10000 psi, studded. Addapter spoolAddapter spool 13 5/813 5/8”” 3000 psi x 13 5/83000 psi x 13 5/8”” 10000 psi, studded.10000 psi, studded. Addapter spoolAddapter spool 1111”” 5000 psi x 13 5/85000 psi x 13 5/8”” 10000 psi, studded.10000 psi, studded. Choke lineChoke line 4 1/164 1/16”” 10K welded connection with one HRC 4 1/1810K welded connection with one HRC 4 1/18”” 10K and one gate valve 4 10K and one gate valve 4

1/161/16”” 10K flanged. Instead steel pipe 4 1/1610K flanged. Instead steel pipe 4 1/16””10K it can be flexibile hose 4 1/1610K it can be flexibile hose 4 1/16””10K.10K. Kill lineKill line 2 1/162 1/16”” 10K welded connection with two gate valve 2 1/1610K welded connection with two gate valve 2 1/16””10K flanged and one check 10K flanged and one check

valve 2 1/16valve 2 1/16”” 10K.10K. Kill manifold Kill manifold (for Caspian region) with 3 gate valve 2 1/16(for Caspian region) with 3 gate valve 2 1/16”” 10K flanged. 10K flanged. Accumulator unitAccumulator unit 160 gal minimum with appropirate triplex plunger pump driven by160 gal minimum with appropirate triplex plunger pump driven by AC motor AC motor

15 kW, two air operated pumps , manifold with valves for closing15 kW, two air operated pumps , manifold with valves for closing anular, pipe rams, CSO rams, anular, pipe rams, CSO rams, HRC valve; three pressure transducer for Annu8lar pressure, low HRC valve; three pressure transducer for Annu8lar pressure, low oil level and manifold pressure, oil level and manifold pressure, remote control panel with grafical illustration gauges for annulremote control panel with grafical illustration gauges for annular pressure, and air system ar pressure, and air system pressure, air control hose, hypraulic pipe racks 1pressure, air control hose, hypraulic pipe racks 1”” connecting accumulator unit with BOPconnecting accumulator unit with BOP’’s.s.

Cup testerCup tester for casing 9 5/8for casing 9 5/8”” 3636--42# and 43,542# and 43,5--53,5#; 753,5#; 7”” 2929--38#, 13 3/838#, 13 3/8”” 72#.72#. BOP testing unitBOP testing unit air operated 15000 psi with recorderair operated 15000 psi with recorder BOP Test standBOP Test stand

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– Cup testerCup tester

2020””

13 3/813 3/8””

13 3/913 3/9””

9 5/89 5/8””

9 5/89 5/8””

77””

77””

6 5/86 5/8””

5 5 ½”½”

55””

4 4 ½”½”

SizeSize

CasingCasing

9.59.5AllAll270.000270.0002 3/82 3/8””IFIF

300,0300,078,578,5--122,3122,3

103,3103,36161--7272

109,5109,54848--6161

42,442,443,543,5--53,553,5

44,144,132,232,2--4040800.000800.0004 4 ½”½”IFIF

20,420,42929--3838

23,523,51717--2626

14,814,8AllAll500.000500.0003 3 ½”½”IFIF

16.016.0AllAll

12.412.4AllAll

Weight, lb/ftWeight, lb/ft

Cup areaCup areaSq.inchSq.inch

Load capacity, lbLoad capacity, lbConnectionConnection

CUP TESTER TYPE CUP TESTER TYPE ““FF””

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– BOP accessoriesBOP accessories

DRILLING SPOOL Adapter spool- studded

BOP TEST UNIT KILL LINE MANIFOLD

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– MUD SYSTEMMUD SYSTEM

MUD SYSTEMMUD SYSTEMFor 200 ton rig, based on well construction 13 3/8For 200 ton rig, based on well construction 13 3/8””--200m; 9 5/8200m; 9 5/8””--1500m and 8 1500m and 8 ½”½” 3900m 3900m appropirate mud system total volume is 150mappropirate mud system total volume is 150m33 consisting of:consisting of:-- Mud tank suction 40mMud tank suction 40m3 3 equiped with 2 mud agitators 15HP each, mud gunsequiped with 2 mud agitators 15HP each, mud guns-- Mud mixing tank 40mMud mixing tank 40m33 equiped with 2 mud agitators 15 HP each, mud gunsequiped with 2 mud agitators 15 HP each, mud guns-- Mud tank Mud tank ––reserve mud 40mreserve mud 40m33 equiped with with 2 mud agitators 15 HP each, mud gunsequiped with with 2 mud agitators 15 HP each, mud guns-- Mud threatment tank 40mMud threatment tank 40m3 3 with two chemberswith two chembers-- suction and discharge compartment, 2 mud suction and discharge compartment, 2 mud

agitators 15 HP each, mud guns. On top of tank installed desandeagitators 15 HP each, mud guns. On top of tank installed desander, degaser and mud cleaner r, degaser and mud cleaner (optionaly (optionaly –– centrifuge for unweighted mud for use in Caspian region).centrifuge for unweighted mud for use in Caspian region).

-- Shaker tank 20 + 12mShaker tank 20 + 12m33 with sand trap and two linear motion shakers.with sand trap and two linear motion shakers.-- Separator mud/gas for 20 Bar WP 600 dmSeparator mud/gas for 20 Bar WP 600 dm33..


ELLIPTICAL MOTION SHAKER SWACO

HORIZONTAL VACUUM DR-GASR

DE-SANDER – 2 cone

MUD CLEANER


CENTRIFUGE

SEPARATORMUD-GAS

MUD HOPPER CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– HANDLING EQUIPMENTHANDLING EQUIPMENT

ROTARY TONGSROTARY TONGSReliable rotary tongs produce BJ, Folley, Blohm & Vos, Web WilsoReliable rotary tongs produce BJ, Folley, Blohm & Vos, Web Wilson and all parts are interchangable.n and all parts are interchangable.

For drilling rigs there is thre basic models: SXDFor drilling rigs there is thre basic models: SXD--200; SDD, DB and B.200; SDD, DB and B.

3 3 ½”½” –– 99””55.00055.000

99”” –– 11 11 ¼”¼”40.00040.000

13 3/813 3/8””30.00030.000BB

3 3 ½”½” –– 11 11 ¼”¼”65.00065.000

11 11 ¾”¾” –– 1717””40.00040.000DBDB

44”” –– 1212””100.000100.000

1212”” –– 1515””75.00075.000

1616”” -- 1717””60.00060.000SDDSDD

88”” -- 1616””200.000200.000SDXSDX--200200

Size rangeSize rangeTorque ftTorque ft-- lblbTONGS TYPETONGS TYPE

Rotary tongs Type B (HT-55)



ELEVATOR LINKSELEVATOR LINKSNominal size of liks is measured on the body. They should be welNominal size of liks is measured on the body. They should be weldless. Usualy rig is equiped withdless. Usualy rig is equiped withtwo pairs of links. One pair is shorter and is intendent for two pairs of links. One pair is shorter and is intendent for normal drilling operations. Another pairnormal drilling operations. Another pairis is longer (and can be and larher size) for use in the speciais is longer (and can be and larher size) for use in the special situations (when cementing casing l situations (when cementing casing string it is neccesary more space between hook and elevator to string it is neccesary more space between hook and elevator to accomodate cementing head or accomodate cementing head or during DST to accomodate testing head).during DST to accomodate testing head).

2 2 ¼”¼” x 132x 132””

2 2 ¼”¼” x 108x 108””2 2 ¼”¼” x 108x 108””

2 2 ¼”¼” x 96x 96””2 2 ¼”¼” x 84x 84””

3 3 ½”½” x 144x 144””2 2 ¼”¼” x 84x 84””2 2 ¼”¼” x 72x 72””

3 3 ½”½” x 132x 132””2 2 ¼”¼” x 72x 72””2 2 ¼”¼” x 60x 60””

Rated 500 tonsRated 500 tonsRated 350 tonsRated 350 tonsRated 250 tonsRated 250 tons


ELEVATORS (Drill pipe, Drill collar and casing)ELEVATORS (Drill pipe, Drill collar and casing)Drill pipe elevator are side door elevators designed for shoulerDrill pipe elevator are side door elevators designed for shouler 90900 0 or 18or 1800.. Type G elevator center latch with taper 18Type G elevator center latch with taper 1800 uses for Drill pipe ranging from 100 uses for Drill pipe ranging from 100 –– 500 ton 500 ton

capacity and sizes 2 3/8capacity and sizes 2 3/8”” to 6 5/8to 6 5/8””OD.OD. Type X collar type side door elevators for handling Drill collarType X collar type side door elevators for handling Drill collar, Casing and Tubing ranging from 65 , Casing and Tubing ranging from 65

to 500 ton capacity and size range 1,66to 500 ton capacity and size range 1,66”” to 30to 30””OD.OD. Type A collar type side door elevators for handling Drill collarType A collar type side door elevators for handling Drill collar, Casing and Tubing in two basic , Casing and Tubing in two basic

design:design: TA ranging from 35TA ranging from 35--150 ton capacity covering sizes 1,05150 ton capacity covering sizes 1,05”” to 11 to 11 ¼”¼” RA ranging from 125RA ranging from 125-- 175 ton capacity covering sizes 2 3/8175 ton capacity covering sizes 2 3/8”” to 7to 7””..





As stated previously for drill string loads up to 115 tons can bAs stated previously for drill string loads up to 115 tons can be used drill pipe slips Type DU having e used drill pipe slips Type DU having length of gripping with insets of 12length of gripping with insets of 12””. For heavier strings it must be used SDU (or RD) type slips . For heavier strings it must be used SDU (or RD) type slips gripping 16gripping 16”” length in the combination with pin drive system only.length in the combination with pin drive system only.

DRILL COLLAR SLIPSDRILL COLLAR SLIPSCan be with standard inserts or with circular buttons. Bircular Can be with standard inserts or with circular buttons. Bircular button inserts have better gripping with button inserts have better gripping with less possibility of slipping DC.less possibility of slipping DC.

ROTARY SLIPS SDU

DRILL COLLAR SLIPS WITH CIRCULAR BUTTONS


Casing multysegment slips with circular buttonsCasing multysegment slips with circular buttonsCovers casing sizes from 6 5/8Covers casing sizes from 6 5/8”” to 30to 30”” by changing numper of casing segments and by changing numper of casing segments and button size according manufacturers table.button size according manufacturers table.


DEN-CON


DRILL PIPE AND DRILL COLLAR POWER TONGSDRILL PIPE AND DRILL COLLAR POWER TONGSHydraulically powered tongs (TWHydraulically powered tongs (TW--60 Varco)male up and break out drill pipe tool joints 60 Varco)male up and break out drill pipe tool joints and drill collars from 4and drill collars from 4”” to 8to 8”” OD. Torque can be preOD. Torque can be pre--set to the required value.set to the required value.

Required hydraulic fluid flow 114Required hydraulic fluid flow 114--133 lpm at 135 Bar.133 lpm at 135 Bar.Size range Size range 4 4 –– 88”” (102(102--203mm)203mm)Make up torqueMake up torque 63.000 ft63.000 ft--lbs (85.000 Nlbs (85.000 N--m)m)Break out torqueBreak out torque 75.000 ft75.000 ft--lbs (101.000 Nlbs (101.000 N--m)m)


Hydraulic spinning wrebchHydraulic spinning wrebch

Spinn drill pipe and drill collars from 2 7/8Spinn drill pipe and drill collars from 2 7/8”” to 9 to 9 ½”½” OD with no adjustments necessary.OD with no adjustments necessary.

Size rangeSize range 2 7/82 7/8”” to 9 to 9 ½”½” OD OD Required hydraulic fluid flowRequired hydraulic fluid flow 110110--170 lpm at 135 Bar170 lpm at 135 BarSpeed (5Speed (5”” DP)DP) 100 rpm100 rpmTorque (5Torque (5””DP)DP) 900900--1000 ft1000 ft--lbs ( 1215lbs ( 1215--1350 N m)1350 N m)


KELLY SPINNERKELLY SPINNER

Model 6600 (air operated ) and Model 6800 (hydraulically operateModel 6600 (air operated ) and Model 6800 (hydraulically operated) can be used for d) can be used for rotating drill pipe slowly for limited rat hole and mousehole drrotating drill pipe slowly for limited rat hole and mousehole drilling and for fast making illing and for fast making kelly connection. Unit can spin in and spin out. kelly connection. Unit can spin in and spin out. Difference between air and hydraulically operater kelly spiner iDifference between air and hydraulically operater kelly spiner is in the drive motor s in the drive motor

and auxxiliary equipment (valves, hose, manifold and discharge land auxxiliary equipment (valves, hose, manifold and discharge lines)ines)

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– INSTRUMENTATIONINSTRUMENTATION

RIG INSTRUMENTATIONRIG INSTRUMENTATIONRig instrumentation can operate peumaticallyRig instrumentation can operate peumatically--hydraulically or electrically. hydraulically or electrically. PneumaticPneumatic-- hydrasulic systemshydrasulic systems are cheap, long life, simple for installing, adjusting, are cheap, long life, simple for installing, adjusting, maintenance and needs small amount of spares.maintenance and needs small amount of spares.Electrical systemsElectrical systems are expensive, installing, adjusting and maintenace must be perare expensive, installing, adjusting and maintenace must be performed formed by specialist, needs large quantities of expesive spares.by specialist, needs large quantities of expesive spares.

Basic instrumentation systems conssit of:Basic instrumentation systems conssit of: Weight indicator with weight sensorWeight indicator with weight sensor Pump pressure, two or threePump pressure, two or three SPM, Pump stroke per minuteSPM, Pump stroke per minute RPM, rotary table rotational sppedRPM, rotary table rotational spped Rotary torqueRotary torque Tongs pull line force or torqueTongs pull line force or torque Pit level indikator Pit level indikator Flow meterFlow meter TT--Km, Drilling line workKm, Drilling line work Recorder, drilling parametersRecorder, drilling parameters

Instrument console

Instrument BOX

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– INSTRUMENTATIONINSTRUMENTATION--WEIGHT INDICATORWEIGHT INDICATOR

WEIGHT INDICATORWEIGHT INDICATOR

Most popular weight indicator systems is Martin DeckerMost popular weight indicator systems is Martin Decker-- Totco. Atlas instrument is copy of Martin Totco. Atlas instrument is copy of Martin Decker. Composition of one weight indicator system depends on:Decker. Composition of one weight indicator system depends on: dead line anchor type,dead line anchor type, drilling line size,drilling line size, sensor type, sensor type, indicator typeindicator type

Some Weight indicator systema are as follows:Some Weight indicator systema are as follows:System AW6System AW6::

SYSTEM AWE6:SYSTEM AWE6:


SYSTEM AWE6; AWE9 &AWE11SYSTEM AWE6; AWE9 &AWE11

Martin Decker produces following Types of weight indicator:Martin Decker produces following Types of weight indicator: Weight indicator Type Slim holeWeight indicator Type Slim hole Weight indicator Type ToolpusherWeight indicator Type Toolpusher Weight indicator Type ClipperWeight indicator Type Clipper Weight indicator Type SealtiteWeight indicator Type Sealtite Weight indicator type Weight indicator type ““FSFS”” –– uses with anchor type Fuses with anchor type F Weight indicator Type Weight indicator Type ““DD”” Weight indicator Type Weight indicator Type ““EE”” Weight indicator Type Weight indicator Type ““EBEB””

Mobile drilling rigs , small and medium deepth rating, ussualyMobile drilling rigs , small and medium deepth rating, ussualy uses weight indicator Type D (for uses weight indicator Type D (for drilling line size 1drilling line size 1””; 1 1/8; 1 1/8”” and 1 and 1 ¼”¼”).).

Each weight indicator is equiped with appropirate dials Each weight indicator is equiped with appropirate dials –– from one side 6 lines , reverse side 8 lines from one side 6 lines , reverse side 8 lines and bellow another dial with 8 lines and reverse side 12 lines, and bellow another dial with 8 lines and reverse side 12 lines, or bigger rigs have 8 and 10 lines or bigger rigs have 8 and 10 lines ––another dial for 12 and 14 lines.another dial for 12 and 14 lines.


Next figure shows one weight indicator Type Next figure shows one weight indicator Type ““DD”” adjusted for 8 lines and second figure shows adjusted for 8 lines and second figure shows changing dials.changing dials.


Dead line anchorDead line anchor can be installed on the mast leg, drilling floor (drawworks levcan be installed on the mast leg, drilling floor (drawworks level) or bellow drilling el) or bellow drilling floor on the substructure. Basic types are:floor on the substructure. Basic types are:National anchor: Type D, E and EBNational anchor: Type D, E and EBHercules anchor: 119; 120, 121; 129; 130T; 150THercules anchor: 119; 120, 121; 129; 130T; 150T

At mobile drilling rigs anchor is allways positioned in the fronAt mobile drilling rigs anchor is allways positioned in the front of drawworks.t of drawworks.For safer and easy slipping drilling line optionaly is availableFor safer and easy slipping drilling line optionaly is available and drilling line tensioner at top of and drilling line tensioner at top of Anchor.Anchor.

By design anchor can be constructed for:By design anchor can be constructed for: Tension load cell (sensor E80)Tension load cell (sensor E80)-- drilling line in and out from sensor side, left figuredrilling line in and out from sensor side, left figure Compression load cell (ECompression load cell (E--543, E551 or 3 ) drilling linein from side oposite to cell and 543, E551 or 3 ) drilling linein from side oposite to cell and out from out from

sensor side, middle figure,sensor side, middle figure, Diaphragm load cell (sensor E21) located on the drilling line1 tDiaphragm load cell (sensor E21) located on the drilling line1 to 3m over drilling floor, right figureo 3m over drilling floor, right figure


ANCHOR TYPE ANCHOR TYPE ““DD””Anchor Type Anchor Type ““DD”” is structurally rated for 60000 lb single line pull to accomodais structurally rated for 60000 lb single line pull to accomodate drilling line 1 1/8te drilling line 1 1/8””and 1 and 1 ¼”¼” buc can accomodate and 1buc can accomodate and 1”” line. Line clamp is bronze inserts different for each line sizeline. Line clamp is bronze inserts different for each line sizeusing 6 bolts 1 using 6 bolts 1 ½”½” SAE 1020 steel for fastening. Drumm diameter is 24SAE 1020 steel for fastening. Drumm diameter is 24””. . Anchor should be mounted so that dead line has a clear, unobstruAnchor should be mounted so that dead line has a clear, unobstructed path to the crown blockcted path to the crown block Senzor Type E80 is installed on the inSenzor Type E80 is installed on the in--out line side of anchor. Senzor has an Fout line side of anchor. Senzor has an F--53 check valve 53 check valve

for loading the system with Wfor loading the system with W--15 fluid.15 fluid.Factor affecting accuracyFactor affecting accuracyAccuracy of anchor Type D is Accuracy of anchor Type D is ±±0,5%, but this can be affected by:0,5%, but this can be affected by: Type D is calibrated with 1 1/8Type D is calibrated with 1 1/8”” lineline With 1With 1”” line will read 0,5% lowline will read 0,5% low With 1 With 1 ¼”¼” line will read 0,5% high.line will read 0,5% high.Accuracy of anchor type E is calibrated with line 1 Accuracy of anchor type E is calibrated with line 1 ½”½”.. With 1 With 1 ¼”¼” line will read 1% low.line will read 1% low.Often it is necessary to mount the anchor several feet below theOften it is necessary to mount the anchor several feet below the gauhe. In this case all readings gauhe. In this case all readings will be slightly low. One feet difference between the gauge and will be slightly low. One feet difference between the gauge and the senzor will cause the followingthe senzor will cause the followingweight indicator error:weight indicator error:

EXAMPLE: A Type EXAMPLE: A Type ““DD”” weight indicator with 8 lines, with senzor and anchor 10 ft beweight indicator with 8 lines, with senzor and anchor 10 ft below the gauge,low the gauge,the indicator will read 1600 lb low at all readings.the indicator will read 1600 lb low at all readings.

360360300300240240180180Type Type ““EE””

240240200200160160120120Type Type ““DD””

121210108866No. Of linesNo. Of lines


Greatest error may occur as a result of the friction of the tackGreatest error may occur as a result of the friction of the tackle system and friction of the hole.le system and friction of the hole.

Hydraulic system is calibrated if gap between plates on the E80 Hydraulic system is calibrated if gap between plates on the E80 or compession cells is 0,62or compession cells is 0,62”” (16mm).(16mm).When, with hanged traveling block and kelly gap meassurement is When, with hanged traveling block and kelly gap meassurement is 13mm it must be re13mm it must be re--charged.charged.


CHARGING SYSTEM WITH FLUID PROCEDURE:CHARGING SYSTEM WITH FLUID PROCEDURE:To check peoblems with accuracy, shake hose violently or work anTo check peoblems with accuracy, shake hose violently or work anchor with pinch bar between stops.chor with pinch bar between stops.-- If pointers are sluggish (lazy) problem is in the indicator and If pointers are sluggish (lazy) problem is in the indicator and may be solved by A through D may be solved by A through D

below.below.-- If pointers react normally, the problem is in the anchor, senzorIf pointers react normally, the problem is in the anchor, senzor ot dead line and may be ot dead line and may be

solved by E through J below.solved by E through J below.A)A) Damper should be open to allow fluid pasage.Damper should be open to allow fluid pasage.B)B) Pointers could possibly be touching each other, dial or glass.Pointers could possibly be touching each other, dial or glass.C)C) Remove glass and dials, clean the movement with kerosene or equiRemove glass and dials, clean the movement with kerosene or equivalent.valent.D)D) Purge system of air by pumping WPurge system of air by pumping W--15 fluid through check valve F15 fluid through check valve F--53 on the senzor. Bleed air 53 on the senzor. Bleed air

and excess fluid at the fitting at the base of the bourdon tube.and excess fluid at the fitting at the base of the bourdon tube. Reassemble dials, glass and Reassemble dials, glass and case ring.case ring.

E)E) The dead line must have a clear unobstructed path to the crown aThe dead line must have a clear unobstructed path to the crown and must not bind on the nd must not bind on the anchor flange. Any obstruction will createcpoor response in the anchor flange. Any obstruction will createcpoor response in the indicator.indicator.

F)F) The dead sheave in the crown block must be lubricated frequentlyThe dead sheave in the crown block must be lubricated frequently as in normal drilling this as in normal drilling this sheave must move freely to providesensitive readings.sheave must move freely to providesensitive readings.

G)G) The anchor is, in effect, a lever that must be allowed to move fThe anchor is, in effect, a lever that must be allowed to move freely on its bearing. Therefore, reely on its bearing. Therefore, it should be lubricated frequently and kept free of dirt and iceit should be lubricated frequently and kept free of dirt and ice..

H)H) The sensor must also be free of dirt and ice so that its movemenThe sensor must also be free of dirt and ice so that its movement is not restricted. The pins t is not restricted. The pins connecting the sensor to the anchor must occasionally be removedconnecting the sensor to the anchor must occasionally be removed and cleaned of dirt and and cleaned of dirt and corrosion as they too must have some slight movement in order tocorrosion as they too must have some slight movement in order to have a sensitive have a sensitive instrument.instrument.

I)I) The kelly, kelly bushing, misalignment of the rotary table and oThe kelly, kelly bushing, misalignment of the rotary table and other mechanical conditions of ther mechanical conditions of the rig equipment may cause poor accuracy in the weight indicatithe rig equipment may cause poor accuracy in the weight indicating system.ng system.


CHARGING SYSTEM WITH INSTRUMENT FLUIDCHARGING SYSTEM WITH INSTRUMENT FLUID

-- Check fluid load frequently and always before taking a heavy pulCheck fluid load frequently and always before taking a heavy pull. The gap l. The gap ““AA”” in the in the sensor should be 5/8sensor should be 5/8”” ( 16mm) with block empty.( 16mm) with block empty.

-- If gap is greater then this, it is possible that the system is oIf gap is greater then this, it is possible that the system is overloaded to an extent verloaded to an extent that the pointer will reading a preload figure. As soon as you athat the pointer will reading a preload figure. As soon as you apply enought weight to pply enought weight to overcome this preload the instrument will then read accuratelly.overcome this preload the instrument will then read accuratelly.

-- When gap When gap ””AA”” is LESS than 5/8is LESS than 5/8”” (16mm) as it is possible to apply enought weight to the hook (16mm) as it is possible to apply enought weight to the hook that stroke of the sensor is used up and it bottoms out, metal tthat stroke of the sensor is used up and it bottoms out, metal to metal. In this case the o metal. In this case the instrument will read correctly until it bottoms out and the poininstrument will read correctly until it bottoms out and the pointer can then go no further.ter can then go no further.

-- Besides having the proper gap Besides having the proper gap ““AA””, the system should be free of air, as air will compress under , the system should be free of air, as air will compress under load causing the gap to reduce prematurely and the possibility oload causing the gap to reduce prematurely and the possibility of bottoming out may occur.f bottoming out may occur.

-- The gauge calibration should be checked periodically. This calibThe gauge calibration should be checked periodically. This calibration is 816 psi for 360ration is 816 psi for 36000 –– FOR FOR INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS ““D D ““ and and ““EE””..


SPM & RPM ELECTRIC TACHOMETERSPM & RPM ELECTRIC TACHOMETER

Rotary table electric and pump SPM tachometer consists of generRotary table electric and pump SPM tachometer consists of generator producing DC current 4ator producing DC current 4--20 mA.20 mA.-- Generator is mounted close torotating part of unit and trough VGenerator is mounted close torotating part of unit and trough V--Belt, depending on rotating speed Belt, depending on rotating speed

produce DC current from 4 to maximum 20 mA.produce DC current from 4 to maximum 20 mA.-- Calibration can be performed by plastic screw positioned on the Calibration can be performed by plastic screw positioned on the right bottom side of dial.right bottom side of dial.-- Device is nor expensive, duranle and low cost of maintenance.Device is nor expensive, duranle and low cost of maintenance.

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– INSTRUMENTATIONINSTRUMENTATIONPUMP STROKE INDICATORPUMP STROKE INDICATOR-- ELECTRONICELECTRONIC-- Pump stroke indicator gives SPM 1 , SPM 2 or for both pump togePump stroke indicator gives SPM 1 , SPM 2 or for both pump together. Also it gives and cumulative SPM from ther. Also it gives and cumulative SPM from

begining of pumping.begining of pumping.-- Sensor (contact closure) works so that when actuing rod deflect Sensor (contact closure) works so that when actuing rod deflect after each passing of piston rod intersect after each passing of piston rod intersect

magnetic flux thet send weak electricity singnals ranging 4magnetic flux thet send weak electricity singnals ranging 4--20 mA to totalizer.20 mA to totalizer.-- For adjustment there are available folloving controls: Test buttFor adjustment there are available folloving controls: Test button, Reset button, Pump select, Alarm set and Main on, Reset button, Pump select, Alarm set and Main

power switch. Input is AC Power 230V 50Hz 20W and at sensor inpupower switch. Input is AC Power 230V 50Hz 20W and at sensor input id +15 VDCt id +15 VDC-- Display 0 to 200 SPMDisplay 0 to 200 SPM-- Total strokes oTotal strokes o--9999 Op9999 Opššerating temperature erating temperature --20 to +5020 to +5000CC


PUMP STROKE INDICATORPUMP STROKE INDICATOR--NON CONTACTING PROXIMITY SENSORNON CONTACTING PROXIMITY SENSORThis SPM or RPM system consists of following components:This SPM or RPM system consists of following components: Interface boxInterface box

-- Purged, nonPurged, non--purged or explosion proof.purged or explosion proof.-- Two or three sensor capabilityTwo or three sensor capability-- Analog voltage output (o to 10VDC)Analog voltage output (o to 10VDC)-- Analog current output (0Analog current output (0--16 mA, 416 mA, 4--20 mA, 020 mA, 0--4 mA or 14 mA or 1--5 mA) field programmable.5 mA) field programmable.-- Digital orDigital or”” cotact closurecotact closure”” output.output.

SensorSensor-- There are thre types of proximity sensorThere are thre types of proximity sensor

-- First and third sensor at left figure require Barrier amplifierFirst and third sensor at left figure require Barrier amplifier.. Barrier box Barrier box –– purged enclosure with barrier amplifiers.purged enclosure with barrier amplifiers. Puls signal conditioner boardPuls signal conditioner board-- proces output signals from sensorproces output signals from sensor Discriminator board develops an analog voltage received fromDiscriminator board develops an analog voltage received from

pulse signal conditioner and send this voltage to an analogpulse signal conditioner and send this voltage to an analogdisplay and E/P board.display and E/P board.


HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED ROTARY TORQUE METER HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED ROTARY TORQUE METER ““HYDROHYDRO--MECHMECH”” Model FAModel FA--99

Simple hydraulically operated rotary torque meterSimple hydraulically operated rotary torque meter-- dimensionlles readout. Mounting close , as dimensionlles readout. Mounting close , as possible, to the rotary table to avoid aditional torque in the tpossible, to the rotary table to avoid aditional torque in the transmition. ransmition.

Main parts are Frame, measuring wheel (Idler), hydraulic cylindeMain parts are Frame, measuring wheel (Idler), hydraulic cylinder Hydraulic hose and Dial.r Hydraulic hose and Dial. External surfaces od rubber Idler should have appropirate profiExternal surfaces od rubber Idler should have appropirate profil to accomodate size of chain, l to accomodate size of chain,

single or double.single or double. Calibration of meter, with idler suporting low side of chain in Calibration of meter, with idler suporting low side of chain in the middle, is correct when while the middle, is correct when while

loading system with instrument fluid Wloading system with instrument fluid W--15 give read our of 35015 give read our of 350--400.400.


ELECTRIC TORQUE SYSTEMELECTRIC TORQUE SYSTEMThis system measures voltage drop across a 50 micro ohms shunt pThis system measures voltage drop across a 50 micro ohms shunt placed in the series eith motor. laced in the series eith motor. Motor torque is proportional with motor current so voltage can bMotor torque is proportional with motor current so voltage can be related to torque. e related to torque. Electric torque system consists of:Electric torque system consists of:-- Isolation amplifier instaled close to shuntin the rotary power lIsolation amplifier instaled close to shuntin the rotary power lineShunt normally have a rating of ineShunt normally have a rating of

50 mV; 1000 A.50 mV; 1000 A.-- Recorder can be separate or standard RecorRecorder can be separate or standard Recor--OO--Graph 7 pen if use E/P transducer between Graph 7 pen if use E/P transducer between

Amplifier and recorder. Amplifier and recorder.

Shunt

Power



TRUTRU--TORQUE ROTARY RORQUE SYSTEM Model FATORQUE ROTARY RORQUE SYSTEM Model FA--1818Is another hydraulicaly operated system for measuring rotary tabIs another hydraulicaly operated system for measuring rotary table torque. Consists of two le torque. Consists of two compression sensors instaled diagonally on the two rotary sidescompression sensors instaled diagonally on the two rotary sides, hydraulic hose Dial indicator gauge , hydraulic hose Dial indicator gauge and hoses to recorder.and hoses to recorder.

DRILLING RIG SELECTION DRILLING RIG SELECTION –– INSTRUMENTATIONINSTRUMENTATIONEXAMPLE of calculations when selecting size of senzor.EXAMPLE of calculations when selecting size of senzor.


MUD PUMP PRESSURE GAGE Model GM6AMUD PUMP PRESSURE GAGE Model GM6A System operates in the temperature range of System operates in the temperature range of --45 to + 6545 to + 6500C. C. Accuracy of the system is Accuracy of the system is ±± 1,0%.1,0%. System consists of Diaphragm gage protector, hydraulic hose , daSystem consists of Diaphragm gage protector, hydraulic hose , dampener and Gage (dial).mpener and Gage (dial). Diaphragm gage protector shoul always be installed vertivally (LDiaphragm gage protector shoul always be installed vertivally (Left Figure) to anable purging eft Figure) to anable purging

rubber cup when pumping stops.rubber cup when pumping stops.Hudraulic system loading with hydraulic fluid WHudraulic system loading with hydraulic fluid W--1515 Disassembly Diaphragm gage protector and place bottom up.Disassembly Diaphragm gage protector and place bottom up. Connect hand operated hydraulic pump. Do nor tight connecting nuConnect hand operated hydraulic pump. Do nor tight connecting nut.t. FillFill--up pump reservoir with instrument fluid Wup pump reservoir with instrument fluid W--15. During pumping minimum level should be 15. During pumping minimum level should be

half of reservoir height.half of reservoir height. Slowly operate pump while on the connecting thread leagks clear Slowly operate pump while on the connecting thread leagks clear fluid (without air bubbles).fluid (without air bubbles). Tight connection and start pumping while monitor runner cup. WheTight connection and start pumping while monitor runner cup. When inside sides of cup n inside sides of cup

taches stop pumping. System is loaded with fluid under proper prtaches stop pumping. System is loaded with fluid under proper pressure.essure.


TONG LINE PULL & TORQUE INDICATOR SYSTEM H6BTONG LINE PULL & TORQUE INDICATOR SYSTEM H6BSystem uses when makingSystem uses when making--up Drill pipe, drill collar casing and tubing joints giving up Drill pipe, drill collar casing and tubing joints giving ““line pullline pull”” readings readings in pound, kilograms or decanewtons that can be easy converted toin pound, kilograms or decanewtons that can be easy converted to ftft--lb or kglb or kg--m by multiplying the m by multiplying the line pull reading by the effective tong handle length.line pull reading by the effective tong handle length.

When ussing model H29A for makingWhen ussing model H29A for making--up casing it provides direct torque reading in ftup casing it provides direct torque reading in ft--lb or kglb or kg--m.m. All line pull indicators consists of: Dial indicator and hydraulAll line pull indicators consists of: Dial indicator and hydraulic cylindervwith connectinh high ic cylindervwith connectinh high

pressure hose.pressure hose. Dial is equipped with a target pointer which can be set to a preDial is equipped with a target pointer which can be set to a predetermined indication.determined indication. Hydraulic cylinder can be installed on the jarkline or backHydraulic cylinder can be installed on the jarkline or back--up line.up line. For accurate indication the line must be 90For accurate indication the line must be 9000 to the tong armat point of taking the reading and to the tong armat point of taking the reading and

parallel to rig floor.parallel to rig floor. The indicator do not need field or operational calibration.The indicator do not need field or operational calibration. If the measured dimension If the measured dimension ““AA”” is equal to, or larher then the recharge dimension shown in theis equal to, or larher then the recharge dimension shown in the

figure figure recharge system as followsrecharge system as follows:: Remove all weight from the cylinder and ensure the hose is free Remove all weight from the cylinder and ensure the hose is free of kinks and sharp bends.of kinks and sharp bends. Remove the cap from the check valve on the indicator dampener onRemove the cap from the check valve on the indicator dampener on the gage, close the dampener.the gage, close the dampener. Attach hand pump YA2 with swivel to the check valve, and fill reAttach hand pump YA2 with swivel to the check valve, and fill reservoir with W15 (red) instrument fluid.servoir with W15 (red) instrument fluid. Loosen the pipe plug or blead screw on the cylinder body, pump fLoosen the pipe plug or blead screw on the cylinder body, pump fluid and blead at plug/screw until air luid and blead at plug/screw until air

bubbles stop escaping.bubbles stop escaping. Tighten the plug or screw and pump fluid in the system to slightTighten the plug or screw and pump fluid in the system to slightly overcharge and permit that piston be ly overcharge and permit that piston be

fully drawn into the cylinder. Disengage hand pump from check vafully drawn into the cylinder. Disengage hand pump from check valve.lve. Replace and tighten the check valve cap, adjust dampener if neceReplace and tighten the check valve cap, adjust dampener if necessary.ssary.



MUD FLOW SYSTEMMUD FLOW SYSTEMMud flow sensor monitor the mud flow level on the return line. Mud flow sensor monitor the mud flow level on the return line. Signal is transered to mud flow indicator Signal is transered to mud flow indicator and/or mud low recorder. Senzor is mounted ond the floe pipeand/or mud low recorder. Senzor is mounted ond the floe pipe-- Primary power supply 220V 50 Hz 35WPrimary power supply 220V 50 Hz 35W-- Operating ambient temperature: Operating ambient temperature: --202000C to +55C to +5500CC-- Sensor excition + 10,5 V DCSensor excition + 10,5 V DC-- Return flow sensing 0 to 100%Return flow sensing 0 to 100%


TRIP TANK AND MUD PIT VOLUME TOTALIZERTRIP TANK AND MUD PIT VOLUME TOTALIZERIt is warning device for total mud volume in the mud tanks and tIt is warning device for total mud volume in the mud tanks and tripping monitor.ripping monitor.

Both systems uses Probe (explosion proof transducer) for measuriBoth systems uses Probe (explosion proof transducer) for measuring mud level in the each tank,ng mud level in the each tank,indicator, remote warning system (lamp and/or horn) and optionaindicator, remote warning system (lamp and/or horn) and optionally recorder.lly recorder.


..


RATE OF PENETRATION METERRATE OF PENETRATION METERRate of penetration meter measures bit penetratin speed. Two basRate of penetration meter measures bit penetratin speed. Two basic systems exist:ic systems exist:-- Pneumatic ROP meter activated as the RecordPneumatic ROP meter activated as the Record--OO--Graph clucth is engaged by the driller. Sensitivity (recordoableGraph clucth is engaged by the driller. Sensitivity (recordoable

ROP) is 0,3m. At traveling block is attached wire which , with lROP) is 0,3m. At traveling block is attached wire which , with lowering block, releases from reel located below owering block, releases from reel located below recorder trasfering feed signal to the pneumatic logic system wirecorder trasfering feed signal to the pneumatic logic system wich in the turns drive pen mechanism to record ch in the turns drive pen mechanism to record primary (o.3m) and secondary (one meter marks) on the chart.primary (o.3m) and secondary (one meter marks) on the chart.

-- Pneumatic wireless system, device which sense the drawworks drumPneumatic wireless system, device which sense the drawworks drum shaft motion by chain or flexibile shaft, and shaft motion by chain or flexibile shaft, and sends pneumatic signals directly to the recorder.sends pneumatic signals directly to the recorder.


AUTOMATIC DRILLERAUTOMATIC DRILLERSatellite Automatic Drilling Control System uses for maintainingSatellite Automatic Drilling Control System uses for maintaining the optimum weight on the bit. the optimum weight on the bit. Operation is based on the relation between the WOB and the dead Operation is based on the relation between the WOB and the dead line tension. As dead line tension line tension. As dead line tension increases from the value preset in the controller, the Satelliteincreases from the value preset in the controller, the Satellite pays out the drilling line by raising the pays out the drilling line by raising the brake lever to release the drum, and then stops drum rotation bybrake lever to release the drum, and then stops drum rotation by lowering the brake lever when the lowering the brake lever when the preset WOB is reached. At Figure below is shown coplete system tpreset WOB is reached. At Figure below is shown coplete system that cosisting of:hat cosisting of:-- Deadline tension sensorDeadline tension sensor-- Controller assemblyController assembly-- Air motorAir motor-- Differential gear assemblyDifferential gear assembly-- Drum rotation sensorDrum rotation sensor


RIG FLOOR RECORDERRIG FLOOR RECORDERDrilling Rig Floor Recorder systems have in the three basic desiDrilling Rig Floor Recorder systems have in the three basic design.gn. Hydryulic recorderHydryulic recorder with circular chart 2 or 3 pen. Available OBwith circular chart 2 or 3 pen. Available OB--19 and OB19 and OB--24 recorders. Installed 24 recorders. Installed

usually on the back side of weight indicator. Chart is for 24 housually on the back side of weight indicator. Chart is for 24 hours recordin Hook Weight, pump urs recordin Hook Weight, pump pressure and optionaly rotary torque.pressure and optionaly rotary torque.

Sevn pen recorder Sevn pen recorder RECORDRECORD--OO--GRAPG RGGRAPG RG--77. Records 8, 12 or 24 hours drilling parameters : Hook . Records 8, 12 or 24 hours drilling parameters : Hook weight, ROP, RPM, Rotary torque, Pump pressure, SPM 1 , SPM 2. Hweight, ROP, RPM, Rotary torque, Pump pressure, SPM 1 , SPM 2. Hydraulically, mechanicaly and ydraulically, mechanicaly and pneumatic operated. Simple for use and low maintenance costs.pneumatic operated. Simple for use and low maintenance costs.

Rig floor recorder RF8 with air package.Rig floor recorder RF8 with air package. Consists of three major components: Air package, ROP Consists of three major components: Air package, ROP sensor and Recorder assembly. Maintenance and repair should be dsensor and Recorder assembly. Maintenance and repair should be done by trained personnel. one by trained personnel. Uses Uses ““flat viewflat view”” chart 12 or 24 hours. Pen drive is hydraulic (Weight, Pump prechart 12 or 24 hours. Pen drive is hydraulic (Weight, Pump pressure and Hydro ssure and Hydro Mech rotary torque or tong torque), pneumatic (ROP,RPM, SPM1,SPMMech rotary torque or tong torque), pneumatic (ROP,RPM, SPM1,SPM22


TON MILE (TTON MILE (T--Km) INDICATORKm) INDICATORTon Kilometer counting system consists of Integrator unit receivTon Kilometer counting system consists of Integrator unit receiving a distance (Km) input signal ftoming a distance (Km) input signal ftomthe transmitter, and tension input signal ( in tons) from the ethe transmitter, and tension input signal ( in tons) from the existing Sensor Load cell in the wire linexisting Sensor Load cell in the wire lineanchor.anchor.

CALCULATING VALUE OF ONE LINE ON THE WEIGHT INDICATORCALCULATING VALUE OF ONE LINE ON THE WEIGHT INDICATOR

A. Rig data:A. Rig data:-- Weight of traveling block:Weight of traveling block: 4600 Kg4600 Kg-- Weight of links 2 Weight of links 2 ¼”¼” x 108x 108”” 276 Kg276 Kg-- Weight of DP elevator GG 4 Weight of DP elevator GG 4 ½”½” 350t350t 324 Kg324 Kg-- Weight of kelly 4 Weight of kelly 4 ¼”¼” x 10,5mx 10,5m 788 Kg788 Kg-- Weight of swivel 2100 KgWeight of swivel 2100 KgTOTAL WEIGHT OVER ROTARY RABLE, air TOTAL WEIGHT OVER ROTARY RABLE, air 8088 Kg8088 KgDrill pipes 4 Drill pipes 4 ½”½” x 16,6lb/ft E75 NC50 18x 16,6lb/ft E75 NC50 180 0 long 2000mlong 2000mDrill collar 6 Drill collar 6 ½½ x 2 x 2 ½”½” x 143,2 Kg/m 200m lengthx 143,2 Kg/m 200m lengthMud Density 1,32 Kg/dmMud Density 1,32 Kg/dm33

B. System accuracyB. System accuracy-- Weight indicator Weight indicator ““DD”” and deadline anchor Type Hercules 129T with 10 lines, locatedand deadline anchor Type Hercules 129T with 10 lines, located18 feet below weight indicator. By using data from Catalog Mart18 feet below weight indicator. By using data from Catalog Martinn Decker TW570 Page 7 Tables 4inn Decker TW570 Page 7 Tables 4--1 and1 and44--2, 2,

Weight indicator will read 101 kg x 10 lines = 1010 Kg low at alWeight indicator will read 101 kg x 10 lines = 1010 Kg low at all readings. To compensate for this low l readings. To compensate for this low readings, the total load pointer may be reset by the mechanic dureadings, the total load pointer may be reset by the mechanic during initial rig up.ring initial rig up.

0,2% High0,2% High1 1 ¼”¼” (32mm)(32mm)

0,3% Low0,3% Low1 1/81 1/8”” (29mm)(29mm)

0,8% Low0,8% Low11”” (25mm)(25mm)

Calibration Reading ErrorCalibration Reading ErrorWire sizeWire size

121 Kg121 Kg101 Kg101 Kg81 Kg81 Kg61 Kg61 KgError per footError per foot

121210108866Lines strungLines strung

CALCULATING VALUE OF ONE LINE ON THE WEIGHT INDICATORCALCULATING VALUE OF ONE LINE ON THE WEIGHT INDICATOR

Factors for Mud Buoyancy Corrections:Factors for Mud Buoyancy Corrections:

CALCULATION:CALCULATION:Drill pipe weight in the air 2000m x 26,78 kg/m Drill pipe weight in the air 2000m x 26,78 kg/m = 53560 Kg = 53560 Kg

Drill collars weight in air 200 m x 143,2 Kg/m Drill collars weight in air 200 m x 143,2 Kg/m = 28640 Kg= 28640 Kg= 82200 Kg= 82200 Kg

Bouoyancy correction factor for mud density 1,32 Kg/dmBouoyancy correction factor for mud density 1,32 Kg/dm33 x 0,832x 0,832Bouoyant weight of string = 68390 KgBouoyant weight of string = 68390 Kg

PLUS PLUS –– Weight of block, swivel, elevator and kellyWeight of block, swivel, elevator and kelly = 8088 Kg= 8088 KgCOMPUTED TOTAL HOOK LOAD OF STRING IN MUD = 76478 KgCOMPUTED TOTAL HOOK LOAD OF STRING IN MUD = 76478 Kg

If read out on the weight indicator is 76 lines then value of onIf read out on the weight indicator is 76 lines then value of one line is 1000 Kg, but if read out on the e line is 1000 Kg, but if read out on the weight indicator is 65 lines then one line value is:weight indicator is 65 lines then one line value is:

76000 : 65 lines = 76000 : 65 lines = 1170 Kg1170 Kg

0,6940,6940,7100,7100,7240,7240,7410,7410,7550,7550,7710,7710,7860,7860,8020,8020,8170,8170,8320,8320,8470,8470,8630,8630,8730,873FACTORFACTOR

2,402,402,282,282,162,162,042,041,921,921,801,801,681,681,561,561,441,441,321,321,201,201,081,081,001,00Specif. gravitySpecif. gravity

149,6149,6142,1142,1134,6134,6127,2127,2119,7119,7112,2112,2104,7104,797,297,289,889,882,382,374,874,867,367,362,462,4Lb/Cu.Ft.Lb/Cu.Ft.

20,020,019,019,018,018,017,017,016,016,015,015,014,014,013,013,012,012,011,011,010.010.09,09,08,348,34Lb/gal.Lb/gal.


APPENDIX: CASING JACKING SYSTEMAPPENDIX: CASING JACKING SYSTEM

When drilling dipper and intermediate casing have b to be run toWhen drilling dipper and intermediate casing have b to be run too deep only solution to do this with o deep only solution to do this with existing, not enought rig is to use casing jacking system. At maexisting, not enought rig is to use casing jacking system. At market have available with capaity 350,rket have available with capaity 350,500, 750 and 1000 ton.500, 750 and 1000 ton.


..


..


..


..


..


..


..

Drilling Rig Selection - Guidelines Only]

Documents

deep drilling

land drilling rig

telescopic drilling

diesel mechanic drilling

selected drilling line

drilling rig type selection

number of drilling crew

drilling rigs general