Dr. Norris tries to explain the nervous system…. The OLLI Version
Dr. Norris tries to explain the nervous system…. The OLLI Version.
Dec 21, 2015
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Transcript
Dr Norris tries to explain the nervous systemhellip
The OLLI Version
Anatomy (Construction)
Physiology (Function)
CNS
PNS
OUT
IN
CNS PNS
Afferent (in coming)
Efferent (out going)
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 13
- Slide 14
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- Slide 19
- Slide 20
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- Slide 33
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- Slide 49
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- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Anatomy (Construction)
Physiology (Function)
CNS
PNS
OUT
IN
CNS PNS
Afferent (in coming)
Efferent (out going)
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
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- Slide 45
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- Slide 47
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- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
CNS
PNS
OUT
IN
CNS PNS
Afferent (in coming)
Efferent (out going)
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
CNS PNS
Afferent (in coming)
Efferent (out going)
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 59
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- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Neuron
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
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- Slide 24
- Slide 25
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- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
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- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
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- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Neuron
Cell body AxonDendrites
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Neuron
Direction of signal
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Neuron
3 types of Neurons
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Sensory Neuron
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
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- Slide 20
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- Slide 29
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- Slide 31
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- Slide 35
- Slide 36
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- Slide 40
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- Slide 42
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- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Association Neuron
Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
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Motor Neuron
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
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- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Sensor
Sensory input
Motor output
Integration
EffectorPeripheral nervous
system (PNS)Central nervous
system (CNS)
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
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- Slide 40
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- Slide 44
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- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Nervous Systems
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Nerve net
A little more concentration
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
The vertebrate way
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
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- Slide 16
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- Slide 20
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- Slide 29
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- Slide 31
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- Slide 33
- Slide 34
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- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
A Physiology (Function)
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
The Action Potential
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Cell Membrane
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Membrane with gates
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
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- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
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- Slide 24
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- Slide 26
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- Slide 31
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- Slide 44
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- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Microelectrode
Referenceelectrode
Voltagerecorder
ndash70 mV
Electrical potential across the membrane
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Resting State
Cell membrane neuron
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Potassiumchannel
Plasma membrane
Na+
Inactivationgate
Activationgates
Sodiumchannel K+
Resting State
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 61
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- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Na+
K+
Na+
Depolarization
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
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- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
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- Slide 38
- Slide 39
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- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Na+
K+
Na+
Rising phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
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- Slide 51
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- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Na+
K+
Na+
Falling phase of the action potential
OUTSIDE
INSIDE
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
An action potential is propagated
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
- Slide 42
- Slide 43
- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
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The Action Potential
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Vertebrate Neuron
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 61
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- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Invertebrate Neuron ndash No myelin sheath
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Cell body
Schwann cell
Depolarized region(node of Ranvier)
Myelinsheath
Axon
Action potential propagation down the axon
Saltatory conduction
VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
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- Slide 61
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VertebrateInvertebrate
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
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- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
VertebrateAllows for very rapid transmission of action potential
Saltatory conduction
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
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- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Escape Neurons or Giant axons
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Earthworm in cross-section
Nerve cord
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Earthworm nerve cord
Giant escape axons
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Myelinated neuron
Schwann cells
Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
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Multiple sclerosis
Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
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Passing the signal on ndash The Synapse
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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-
Synaptic vesiclescontainingneurotransmitter
Presynaptic membrane
Voltage-gatedCa2+ channel
Ca2+
Postsynaptic membrane
Ligand-gatedion channels
Synaptic cleft
Action potential
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
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- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Postsynaptic membrane
Neuro-transmitter
Ligand-gatedion channel
Na+
K+
Ca2+
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Major Neurotransmitters
Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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Muscle Contraction
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Ca2+
Stopping the signal
eg Cholinesterase (enzyme)
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Playing with neurotransmitters
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
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- Slide 13
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- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
NeurotransmittersPrecursor
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
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- Slide 16
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- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Neurotransmitter Mimic
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
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- Slide 25
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- Slide 31
- Slide 32
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- Slide 39
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- Slide 41
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- Slide 44
- Slide 45
- Slide 46
- Slide 47
- Slide 48
- Slide 49
- Slide 50
- Slide 51
- Slide 52
- Slide 53
- Slide 54
- Slide 55
- Slide 56
- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Adding a little extra
Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
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Playing with neurotransmitters
Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
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- Slide 3
- Slide 4
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Cholinesterase Inhibition
Pesticides
Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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Transmission that doesnrsquot stop
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
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PRECAUTIONSKEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDRENIN CASE OF ACCIDENT CALL A DOCTORMAY BE FATAL IF SWALLOWED
May be absorbed through skin May be irritant to the eyes and skin Avoid contact with eyes and skin Do not wear contaminated clothing until thoroughly washed Wash thoroughly after handling Keep away from food feedstuffs and water supplies
PRECAUTIONS FOR MIXERSLOADERSMixersloaders must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 chemical-resistant footwear and socks1048707 an air purifying respirator equipped with an -R or -P series filter1048707 a chemical-resistant apronPRECAUTIONS FOR APPLICATORSDo not apply with high-pressure handwand equipmentApplicators using ground application equipment with a closed cab must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves when leaving cab for clean-up and repair (gloves must be removed and leftoutside when re-entering the cab)1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using ground application equipment with an open cab must wear1048707 coveralls over a long-sleeved shirt and long pants1048707 chemical-resistant gloves1048707 socks and shoesApplicators using aerial application equipment must use enclosed cockpits and must wear1048707 a long-sleeved shirt and long pants
Dursban material safety sheet
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
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- Slide 63
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- Slide 66
-
Integration
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 57
- Slide 58
- Slide 59
- Slide 60
- Slide 61
- Slide 62
- Slide 63
- Slide 64
- Slide 65
- Slide 66
-
Major Neurotransmitters
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
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Excitatory
Inhibitory
Stimulate action potential at site of application
Inhibit action potential at site of application
An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
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An action potential is generated as Na+ flows inward across the membrane at one location
Na+
Action potential
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization of the action potential spreads to the neighboring region of the membrane re-initiating the action potential there To the left of this region the membrane is repolarizing as K+ flows outward
K+
Na+
Action potentialK+
The depolarization-repolarization process is repeated in the next region of the membrane In this way local currents of ions across the plasma membrane cause the action potential to be propagated along the length of the axon
K+
InhibitionStronger stimulatory signals are needed to initiate action potential and keep it moving
Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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Never this simple
More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
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More like this
The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
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The big picture
Excitatory
Inhibitory
To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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To fire or not to fire
Axon hillock
Axon hillock
All or nothing
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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- Slide 5
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Axon hillock
All or nothing
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