OBJECTIVES: 1. Define germs and how they affect health 2. How do personal items transmit germs 3. What personal items are we talking about? 4. The “5 Second” Rule INDIANA HEALTH & WELLNESS STANDARDS (Grades 6-8).1.1 Compare how healthy behaviors and personal health are linked. (Grades 6-8).1.3 Examine how one’s surroundings affect health and wellness. (Grades 6-8).1.6 Identify how health care can promote health. (Grades 6-8).1.7 Identify the benefits of practicing healthy behaviors. (Grades 6-8).6.1 Examine personal health behaviors. (Grades 6-8).7.1 Identify the importance of being responsible for health behaviors. TEACHER TALKING POINTS Define “germs” and how they affect health • Germs are tiny organisms, or living things, that can cause disease. • Germs are so small that they can enter into our bodies without being noticed. You need a microscope to see them. • It’s hard to say no when a friend wants to borrow your lip gloss or share your drink. We think we’ll look like wimps or germaphobes to our friends if we don’t borrow and share. • You can’t always tell just by looking at someone if they’re infected with something. It’s easy to think that if somebody looks healthy, they must be healthy. But this is not always true! How do personal items transmit germs? • Most of us are taught at a young age that it is polite and nice to share things with others. However, that is not always in the best interest of our personal health. • Once inside our body, germs release toxins, which can cause things like fevers, sniffles, rashes, coughing, vomiting and diarrhea. • Germs can be spread through the air (in sneezes, coughs or even breaths), in sweat, saliva and blood. Some germs pass from person to person by touching something that is contaminated, like shaking hands with someone who has a cold and then touching your own nose. Germs “ride” on and in all sorts of substances in our bodies, from fingertips to spit to blood. DON’T BE SIDELINED BY GERMS GERM LESSON – KEEPING PERSONAL ITEMS PERSONAL MiDDle SCHOOl leSSON
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OBJECTIVES: 1. Definegermsandhowtheyaffecthealth 2. Howdopersonalitemstransmitgerms 3.Whatpersonalitemsarewetalkingabout? 4.The“5Second”Rule
INDIANA HEALTH & WELLNESS STANDARDS (Grades6-8).1.1Comparehowhealthybehaviorsandpersonalhealtharelinked.(Grades6-8).1.3Examinehowone’ssurroundingsaffecthealthandwellness.(Grades6-8).1.6Identifyhowhealthcarecan promotehealth.(Grades6-8).1.7Identifythebenefitsofpracticing healthybehaviors.(Grades6-8).6.1Examinepersonalhealthbehaviors.(Grades6-8).7.1Identifytheimportanceofbeingresponsibleforhealthbehaviors.
TEACHER TALKING POINTSDefine “germs” and how they affect health • Germsaretinyorganisms,orlivingthings,thatcancausedisease. • Germsaresosmallthattheycanenterintoourbodieswithoutbeingnoticed.Youneeda microscopetoseethem. • It’shardtosaynowhenafriendwantstoborrowyourlipglossorshareyourdrink. Wethinkwe’lllooklikewimpsorgermaphobestoourfriendsifwedon’tborrowandshare. • Youcan’talwaystelljustbylookingatsomeoneifthey’reinfectedwithsomething. It’seasytothinkthatifsomebodylookshealthy,theymustbehealthy.Butthisisnot alwaystrue!
How do personal items transmit germs? • Mostofusaretaughtatayoungagethatitispoliteandnicetosharethingswithothers. However,thatisnotalwaysinthebestinterestofourpersonalhealth. • Onceinsideourbody,germsreleasetoxins,whichcancausethingslikefevers,sniffles, rashes,coughing,vomitinganddiarrhea. • Germscanbespreadthroughtheair(insneezes,coughsorevenbreaths),insweat, salivaandblood.Somegermspassfrompersontopersonbytouchingsomethingthatis contaminated,likeshakinghandswithsomeonewhohasacoldandthentouchingyour ownnose.Germs“ride”onandinallsortsofsubstancesinourbodies,fromfingertipsto spittoblood.
DON’T BE SIDELINED BY GERMSGERm LESSON – KEEPING PERSONAL ITEmS PERSONAL
MiDDle SCHOOl leSSON
• Forexample:Let’ssayyourfriendKatehasacold.Beingpolite,shecovershercoughwith herhand,thenafewminuteslater,usesafingertoscoopupsomeofyourlipgloss. Shejustputhercoldgermsintoyourpotoflipgloss.Nexttimeyouuseit,chancesare you’llbeputtinghercoldgermsonyourmouth. • Nowlet’ssaythatKatehasaseriousgerminherblood.Sheusesyourfingernailfileand getsateenyspeckofbloodonthefilefromalittlecutaroundhernail.Youusethefile afterherandscrapeyourskinalittletoohard,allowingthegermsinherspeckofbloodto maketheirwaythroughyourbrokenskinandintoyourbloodstream.Youmaynowhave Kate’sseriousdisease.
What personal items are we talking about? • Anything that goes into or onto your mouth - toothbrushes, cups/drinks, straws, silverware, lipstick/balm/gloss Lips,mouthsandthroatsarehometoallsortsofgerms,somethatareharmless,some justannoyingandsomeveryserious.Lipsmayseemsafe,buttheycanhavegermyspit onthem,andtheycancrackandbleed.Inaddition,oralherpescanbefoundaround theliparea.Germscangetontoanythingthatgoesintooronsomeone’smouthandbe transferredtoyourmouth.
• Manicuretools Theareasaroundthefingernailsandtoenailsarenotoriousforhavingallsortsoflittle breaksintheskin,includingonessosmallyoucan’tevenseethem.Bloodorotherbody fluidscontaininggermscangetontonailclippers,nailscissors,filesandothermanicure tools,andthenbetransmittedtoyouthroughlittlebreaksinyourskin.
Avoidloaningoutnailclippersandfilesbynotcarryingthemwithyou.Keepthemat home.But,ifyoumustloanthemout,remembertocleanthemofflaterwithdisinfectant. Thiswon’tworkonfilesthataren’tmetalsoyoushouldprobablythrowthemaway.
Doyouhaveahangnailandnoclippers?PutaBand-Aidonitorjustleaveitaloneuntil youcanclipitofflaterratherthanusesomeoneelse’stools.
• Makeup Eyemakeupcanbetheworstoffenderinthisgroup. Eyescanhaveavarietyofgermsinandaround them.Peoplehavebecomeinfectedwith diseaseslikepinkeyefromsharingmakeup. Toprotectyourself,washyourhandsbefore applyingmakeuptostopthegermson yourhandsfromgettingintoyourmakeup andonyoureyes,inyourmouth,oron yourface.Ifyousharemascara,eyeliner, etc,thosegermscanbetransmittedfrom onepersontoanother.Also,ifyoutry onanykindofmakeupthatotherpeople havestucktheirfingersin,youcanbecome infectedwiththegermsthatmovedfromtheir fingerstothemakeup.
Howtoavoidsharingyourmakeupwithyourfriends? • Avoidhavingtoshareyourmakeupbynotbringingany. • Usethe“blameyourmom”approach(i.e.“Mymomisagermfreak.Shewould totallyloseitifsheknewIwassharingmake-up.Sorry.” • Ifallelsefails,putthemakeuponthebackofyourhand(unlessyouhave cracked/dry/woundedskin)totrythecoloronyourskin,thenwashitoffwith soapandwater.
• Earringsandother“piercing”jewelry Sharingtheseitemsisgenerallyaverybadideabecauseitismorelikelythattheseitems havecomeintocontactwithbloodorbodyfluids,whichcancarryseriousdiseases.
Ifsomeoneinsistsonborrowingyourjewelry,tellthemthatit’snotagoodidea.Ifyou cannotbringyourselftosayno,cleanitwithdisinfectantbeforewearingitagain.
• Sharing food Weareoftentemptedtotryourfriends’foodswheneatingout.Ifafriendoffersyoua biteofhergooeychocolatebrowniedessert,useacleanforkorotherutensiltocutoffa bitefromtheuneatenportion.
Ifsomeonecomesafteryourfoodwithadirtyutensilandyoudon’twanttostopthem, simplyleavetheparttheyatefromonyourplate.
The “5 Second Rule” • Nearlyallofushavedroppedfoodonthefloorandstillwantedtoeatit.Wesometimes wanttoapplythe“5-secondrule”—foodwon’tbecomecontaminatedwithbacteriaifyou pickitupoffthefloorin5secondsorless. • Scientistshaveactuallytestedthistheoryandfoundthattheruleisprimarilyfalse: Bacteriacanattachtofoodevenifyoupickitupreallyfast. • Twofactstoconsiderwheneveryouaretemptedtoapplythe5-secondrule: • Althoughthefloormaylookclean,that’snotalwaysthecase.Newlywashed floorsareonlyascleanasthetoolsusedtowashthem(imagineeatingfoodoff themopintheschoolcafeteriaifyouneedavisual).Evenwithabrand-newmop orsponge,stubborngermscanstillremainontheflooraftercleaning. • Fastisbetterbutitmaynotbefastenough.Althoughapieceoffooddoespick upmorebacteriathelongerit’sonthefloor,bacteriacanattachtoitinstantly. Soanyfoodthatmakescontactwiththefloorcangetcontaminated.Also,foods withwetsurfaces,likeanappleslice,pickupbacteriaeasily. • WheninDoubt,TossItOut–Whilesomebacteriawon’tbotheryou,otherscantorture youwithsicknesslikediarrhea.Evenifthere’snovisibledirtonyourfood,youcanstillget sick.Sowhenyoudropthatdeliciouspieceofchocolateontotheground,thesafest choiceistothrowitout.
STUDENT ACTIVITY – A Rotten Apple
Thisexperimentisagooddemonstrationtoshowwhysomanypeoplecangetsickat thesametime.Youwillneedonegoodapple,oneapplethatisgettingabitrottenand atoothpick.
• Placethegoodappleonapieceofpapertowel,andlabelitHEALTHY. • Placethebadappleonapieceofpapertowel,andlabelitSICK. • Takeatoothpickandstickoneendintothesickappleandtheotherendintothe healthyapple. • Waitabout10minutes,andthentakethetoothpickout.(Youcanthrowoutthesick/ rottenapple.) • Waitabout2-3daysandthencutopenyourhealthyapple. • Askyourstudentstothinkaboutwhathappenedtothehealthyappletomakeitsick. Explainthatthetoothpicktransferredbacteriaorgermsfromthesickappletothehealthyapple.Thisiswhathappenswhensomeonewhoissickpassesontheirgermstootherpeople,bytouchingorbreathing.
FAmILY INFORmATION - Thinkaboutallofthethingsthatyouandyourfamilymemberstouchedtoday—fromthetelephonetothetoilet.Whateveryoudid,youcameintocontactwithgerms.Soit’seasyforgermsonyourhandtoendupinyourmouth(maybeyouchoweddownonthatproteinbarinthecar-poolline?).Mostmiddleschoolstudentsknowtheimportanceofgoodhandwashingasameanstoreducegermsenteringtheirbody;however,theymaynotbeawarethatsharingpersonalitemshasjustasmuchriskofintroducinggermstotheirbody.
Teachyourchildthatit’sOKtorefusetosharetheirpersonalitemswiththeirfriends.AccordingtoShapeMagazine,thetop10itemsyoumaywanttokeeptoyourselfinclude: • Barsoap–Tryliquidsoapinstead • Hats,hairbrushesandcombs • Anti-perspirant–ifyouusearoll-onandwanttoshare,switchtoaspray • Nailclippers,nailfilesandbuffers • Makeup • Razors–Agoodruleofthumbistoavoidsharinganythingthatcouldpossiblyhave contactwithblood • Drinks-Thegermsthatcausestrepthroat,coldsandevenmeningitiscanallbe exchangedwithonesmallsip • Toothbrushes • Earrings • Earphones
Things to remember • Lotsofpeoplewhoareinfectedwith seriousdiseaseslikeHIVdon’tknowthey haveadisease. • Peoplecanpickupandpassonlessserious infectiousgermsbeforetheyevenfeelsick. • Youcanendupwithacold,askin infection,diarrheaoranynumberofnasty thingsifyousharepersonalstuff. • Ourfingersandhandscanbe“vehicles” forgermstohitcharidefromoneplace tothenext.Sobynotsharing,you’rehelping protectyourselfandothersfromthesegerms.
LESSON PLAN EVALUATION
1. Youcantellbylookingatsomeoneiftheyhaveadiseaseorillnessthatyoucouldcatch. ___True___False
2.Germscanbespreadbysalivaorsweat.___True___False
3.It’sokaytoshareearringswithfriends.___True___False
4.Itsokaytousethe“5-SecondRule”whenyoudropapieceoffoodonthefloor. ___True___False
5.Peoplecanbecomeinfectedwithpinkeyebysharingmakeup.___True___False
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