Do NOW Please draw the Lewis Dot structure of NO 3 -1 and identify if it is a polar or nonpolar molecule.

Do NOW

• Please draw the Lewis Dot structure of NO3

-1 and identify if it is a polar or nonpolar molecule.

Ideal Gas Law

STP• Standard Temperature and Pressure

T = 273 K (0 °C)P = 1 atm

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT

R = ideal gas constant

Ideal Gas Constant

R = 0.0821(L atm)/(mol K)

R= 8.314 (L kPa)/(mol K)

R = 62.4 (L mmHg)/(mol K)

Example

• Calculate the number of moles of gas contained in a 3.0 L vessel at 3.00 x 102 K with a pressure of 1.50 atm.

0.18 mol

Example

• What volume will an ideally behaving gas containing 1.00 mole of particles occupy at STP?

• If I have 17 moles of gas at a temperature of 340 K, and a volume of 88.89 liters, what is the pressure of the gas?

• If I have 1.9 moles of gas held at a pressure of 5 atm and in a container with a volume of 50 liters, what is the temperature of the gas?

Gas Stoichiometry

2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(g)

What type of reaction is this?

How many moles of butane gas react with how many moles of oxygen gas?

Gas Stoichiometry

2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(g)

Avogadro’s Principle: = V of gas at same T & P contain = # of particles

Coefficients represent not only molar amounts, but also relative volumes

Gas Stoichiometry- Volume Only

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O (g)

It takes 2 L of O2 to react completely with 1 L of CH4

The complete combustion of 1 L of methane produces 1 L of carbon dioxide and 2 L of water vapor.

What volume of methane is needed to produced 26 L of water vapor?

Gas Stoichiometry- Volume Only

• What volume of oxygen gas is needed for the complete combustion of 4 L of propane gas? Assume constant pressure and temperature.

C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)

20.0 L O2

Gas Stoichiometry- Volume & Mass

• Balanced chemical equations allow you to find ratios for moles and volume – not for masses!

Gas Stoichiometry- Volume & Mass

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

If 5.00 L of nitrogen reacts completely by this reaction at a constant pressure and temperature

of 3.00 atm and 298 K, how many grams of ammonia are produced?

Givens:VN2 = 5.00 LP = 3.00 atmT = 298 K

Unknown: mNH3 = ?

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

• Find VNH3.

• Rearrange Ideal Gas Law equation to solve for n.

• Convert moles of ammonia to grams.

N2(g) +3H2 (g)→ 2NH3(g)

What volume of nitrogen at STP would be required to react with 0.100 mol of hydrogen to produce ammonia?

4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s)

• Calculate the volume of oxygen gas at STP that is required to completely react with 52.0 g of iron.

Givens: mFe = 52.0 g T = 273 KP = 1 atm

Unknown: VO2 = ?

Convert Fe mass to moles. Determine number of moles of O2. Determine volume of O2 using Ideal Gas Law.

15.6 L