DNA Review Questions

DNA REVIEW QUESTIONS

DNA Structure Questions

Question #1 What does A stand for? Adenine

Question #2 What three things make up a

nucleotide? 1 sugar, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

Question #3 Who is credited with the discovery of the

shape of DNA? Watson and Crick

Question #4 What is the basic structure of DNA

called? Hint-twisted ladder Double helix

Question #5 Complete the following diagram using

the base-pairing rule GTCGAC CAGCTG

Question #6 What does C stand for? Cytosine

Question #7 What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribose nucleic acid

Question #8 Are there any two people who have

exactly the same DNA? Yes, identical twins

Question #9 Why is DNA sometimes called the

fingerprint inside your body? Because no two peoples DNA is the

same (except twins) and no two peoples fingerprints are the same

Question #10 What are the rails of the DNA strand

made up of? The sugar phosphate backbone is made

up of the sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate.

Question #11 What are the steps of the DNA strand

are called? Nitrogenous Bases

Question #12 In a DNA Strand A pairs with ____. T (thymine)

DNA Replication Questions

Question #13 Which enzyme is responsible for

unwinding a DNA strand for replication? DNA Helicase

Question #14 How does DNA Helicase unzip the

strand? It breaks the bonds (hydrogen) between

the two nitrogenous bases

Question #15 When does DNA Replication occur

during the cell cycle? S-phase of interphase

Question #16 Why is it necessary for DNA Replication

to occur? I will take either of the following:

To preserve the genetic code between cellsTo prepare for mitosis or meiosis

Question #17 In DNA replications, how many new

double strands are made? One

Question #18 DNA Replication follows the Semi-

conservative model of replication, what does this mean?

It means that each strand is made up of one old strand (parent) and one new strand (daughter)

Question #19 In DNA Replication, which enzyme is

responsible for laying down the complement bases?

DNA Polymerase

Question #20 Write the DNA Replication complement

to this strand. ATCGCCGATC TAGCGGCTAG

Transcription

Question #21 What are the three types of RNA? mRNA , tRNA, rRNA

Question #22 What does tRNA transfer? Transfer RNA transfers amino acids.

Question #23 What does mRNA stand for? Messenger RNA

Question #24 What does rRNA stand for? Ribosomal RNA

Question #25 Where does transcription take place in

the cell? In the nucleus

Question #26 In transcription, which enzyme is

responsible for laying down complimentary bases to the parent strand?

RNA Polymerase

Question #27 Illustrate the central dogma DNA RNA Proteins traits

Question #28 In RNA, A pairs with ____ U (Uracil)

Question #29 In transcription, G pairs with ___ C

Question #30 What are the two products of one round

of transcription? On strand DNA, one strand RNA

Question #31 What is the name of the sugar found in

RNA? Ribose

Question #32 Is RNA double or single-stranded? Single Stranded

Translation

Question #33 What is made as a result of translation? Proteins

Question #34 How many bases make up a codon? 3

Question #35 What is the basic unit of proteins? Amino Acids

Question #36 How many codons does the following

tRNA strand have? AUGCCGGGCUUAGCGUGA

Question #37 What three bases make up a start

codon? AUG (needs to be in this order)

Question #38 Name all three stop codons. UAG, UAA, UGA

Question #39 In translation proteins are made from a

_____ template RNA

Question #40 Where does translation occur in the

cell? Ribosome

Bonus Question- Worth 30 pts. Use the following to decode the tRNA

strand.AUGGGCCUGUGA Met-Gly-Leu-Stop