District Level Implementation of Secondary & Tertiary PBS Interventions: So Our Universal System is Working! What’s Next? Chris Borgmeier, PhD Portland State University Cindy Anderson, PhD University of Oregon
Dec 21, 2015
District Level Implementation of Secondary & Tertiary PBS Interventions:
So Our Universal System is Working!
What’s Next?
Chris Borgmeier, PhDPortland State University
Cindy Anderson, PhDUniversity of Oregon
Evidence Based Practices Early Identification & Intervention
Screening & Identification
Match student to appropriate, research based interventions Function-Based Support
Positive Behavior Support Prevention oriented interventions Teaching basic skills Reinforce desired behavior Discontinue reinforcement of problem behavior
Data Based Decision Making Progress monitoring
Challenge = Implementation Limited resources
Time, money, expertise, etc.
Limited focus on Implementation Need to define the systems to support sustained,
accurate implementation of I-PBS Starts with strategic, long-term district planning
GOOD
FASTCHEAP
When implementing an innovation, you may pick any two.
Wexelblatt’s Scheduling Algorithm
SolutionEffective intervention practices and programs
+Effective implementation practices
Good outcomes for students
No other combination of factors reliably produces desired outcomes
Intensive Positive Behavior SupportSupporting Students with Behavioral Challenges Efficiently and Effectively
IPBS: The Big Ideas
Do the easy stuff first (efficiency is a major goal)
Processes are as important as practices Teaming is critical Administrative support is critical
Elements of SWPBS
Outcomes
SupportingDecision Making
Systems
SupportingStaff Behavior
Practices
Supporting Student Behavior
OUTCOMES
Multiple ways of identifying students who may benefit Office discipline referrals Request for assistance Formative evaluations
Practices
Sample Formative Evaluation
• Continuum of supports• Interventions for academic and social behavior
linked
Outcomes
SupportingDecision Making
Systems
SupportingStaff Behavior
Practices
Supporting Student Behavior
OUTCOMES
Teams to support all students On-going coaching Access to assistance
Assistance for teachers Assistance for team members
Systems
Systems
SupportingStaff Behavior
Practices
Supporting Student Behavior
OUTCOMES
Outcomes
SupportingDecision Making
Individual students Tools for data collection Tools for easy graphing and evaluation Teachers receive feedback regularly Parents receive feedback regularly
Effects of system monitored Outcomes Fidelity Social validity
Outcomes/Data
Daily Fidelity
SWIS-CICO Report
Support Plan Change
Description
09/10/2008 Check out with Joe Binder
09/19/2008 Check in and out with Joe Binder
Our Goal: Supporting students with significant challenges With positive outcomes With fidelity Over time
IPBS 8 model schools, 16 scaling schools Criterion for Implementation: >85 on ISSET
Model schools: 6/8 (75%) Scaling schools: 10/16 (63%)
Overview of PBS Organization Logic
FundingVisibility Political
Support
Leadership Team
Training
Coaching
Coordination
Evaluation
Local School/District Implementations
Behavior Specialist
© Fixsen & Blase, 2008
Performance Assessment (Fidelity)
Coaching
Training
Selection
Systems Intervention
Facilitative Administration
Decision Support Data System
Com
pete
ncy O
rganization
Student Benefits
Leadership
Adaptive
Technical
Integrated & Compensatory
Leadership Technical or Adaptive?
Technical Leadership required when: Views/values & perspectives are aligned Definition of the problem is clear Solution is relatively clear; simply need to organize the work
Adaptive Leadership required when: Different & Competing perspectives Definition of the problem is unclear Solution is unclear
How to do I-PBS
How to build readiness
& openness to I-PBS
Knowing Your CommunityAttention needs to be paid to: Providing leadership for the initiative Creating buy-in from stakeholders, Cultivating and informing champions, Promoting structures and processes for
frequent and accurate communication at multiple levels with lots of opportunity for feedback from diverse groups of stakeholders
And examination of feasibility of implementation all along the way
Leadership (Integrated) Oversee Implementation effort -- Consistency in
philosophy, goals, knowledge & skills across Implementation Effort & Drivers
Active advocate (Champion) for seeing this process through who has a strong understanding of IPBS continuum and plan
Formalize a clear link to district priorities Consistent topic in District Leadership team discussions Policy considerations Align District (CIP) & School Improvement goals (SIP)
Policy Practice Feedback Loops
District Admin & Ldrsp Team
School Behavior Specialist & IPBS team
Dis
tric
t B
ehav
ior
Sp
ecia
list
PDSAcycle
District Policy (Plan)
Practice (Do)
Fee
db
ack
Stu
dy - A
ct
Compensatory
Leadership
© Fixsen & Blase, 2008
Performance Assessment (Fidelity)
Coaching
Training
Selection
Systems Intervention
Facilitative Administration
Decision Support Data System
Com
pete
ncy O
rganization
Student Benefits
Leadership
Adaptive
Technical
Integrated & Compensatory
Systems Interventions Planning for Personnel & Resources
Behavior Specialists – FTE District & Building
Clearly define roles, responsibilities & expectations FTE for Tier 2 Interventions (CICO, etc.) Link RTI system w/ Placement Coordination
Training/ Coaching/ Feedback sequence to build intervention systems Strategic, Progressive Implementation
Tier 2 interventions & IPBS team Tier 3 FBA/BSP skills
Structuring positions District
Behavior Specialist Redefine responsibilities
How many schools per behavior specialist?
Building Person(s) with FTE & skills
to carry out responsibilities of IPBS team Flexibility in schedule for
meeting times & data collection
Organized w/ data skills Behavioral expertise &
skills Flexibility for data
collection, coaching & implementation fidelity checks
District Behavior SpecialistResponsibilities
Coaching On-site team support for implementing intervention and teaming process
Evaluation Monitor team implementation of IPBS
Team meeting process Fidelity of data entry, decision making Fidelity of intervention implementation (Tier 2 & 3; in due time)
Complete fidelity measures and action planning with school teams related to systems implementation CISS
Coordination Communication of progress & needs b/w school & district leadership team
Plan training, coaching, assessment schedules Identify systems & resource needs
Systems InterventionsSystemic links to formalize:
Special Ed placement coordination & resource allocation – RTI model (example in next slides)
District data systems
Formally define (through job descriptions, hiring practices, performance review) the roles and responsibilities of: Building administrators/ School psychologists/ Counselors Special educators/ Gen Ed teachers & staff
Individual Student Behavior Support Continuum
Identify who can sign off on
each level?
Dx Beh Spec?
Placement Coord?
School Psyc?
Facilitative Administration Remove barriers
Overcome history of moving students to more restrictive placements w/ little use of data to evaluate student response to interventions
Not my responsibility to teach “these” students Philosophical differences – problem in student, not
environment Lack of effective interventions; no continuum Intervention not implemented with fidelity Limited & decreasing resources to carry out interventions &
teaming processes Existing team process and routines limit use of data &
interventions Resistance to changing responsibilities of Behavior Specialists Limited Data systems
Strategically Selecting Schools School readiness Strong implementation of SW-PBS Universal
System for 2+ years (e.g. 80%+ on SET) Strong administrative support and commitment
You want early implementers should have a high likelihood of success – choose wisely Become our local demonstrations
Facilitative Administration Increasing awareness and buy-in with Gen Ed
staff members and administrators Train general educators on roles and
responsibilities in intervention basics of ABC & behavior support
Increase understanding of school accountability for students with challenging behavior State monitoring related to LRE (student placement in
more restrictive settings) Need to look beyond ODR data (see Data Audit Tool)
Decision Support Data System I-PBS is a data-based system
Without an effective data system, teams will not use data and cannot provide effective secondary & tertiary support
Data is used to inform: Student identification Student progress monitoring To inform intervention changes
Performance Assessment
District Administrator should set up periodic (monthly?) meetings to review data w/ district Behavior Specialist Make sure District Behavior Specialist is focusing
on systems implementation priorities
District Behavior Specialist hold regular meetings with all Building Behavior Specialists and/or IPBS team leaders To review data, address challenges, share
successes, identify training & resource needs, etc.
District Admin & Ldrsp Team
School Behavior Specialist & IPBS team
Dis
tric
t B
ehav
ior
Sp
ecia
list
© Fixsen & Blase, 2008
Performance Assessment (Fidelity)
Coaching
Training
Selection
Systems Intervention
Facilitative Administration
Decision Support Data System
Com
pete
ncy O
rganization
Student Benefits
Leadership
Adaptive
Technical
Integrated & Compensatory
Competency Drivers Selection/ Training / Coaching / Performance
Assessment
District level Behavior Specialist(s)&
Building level roles Behavior Specialists IPBS team leader Tier 2 intervention coordinators
District Level Behavior Specialist Must have expertise in advanced function-based
support and in linking with families and community supports
Selection (extremely important) Start w/ job & role description & clarity Use an interactive interview process w/ behavioral
vignettes & rehearsals Submit examples of previously completed FBA/BSP w/ data Have interviewee complete a brief FBA interview Provide FBA vignettes & ask to develop suggestions for a BSP
Selection District Behavior
Specialist Require significant
behavioral expertise Strong consultation
skills Good data analysis and
management skills
Building IPBS Building administrator
invested in supporting students in building & actively involved
Data management person IPBS Team facilitator Building Behavior
Specialist Tier 2 intervention
managers
Training Strategic Sequential Training Sequence
Can’t do all of this at once Continually assess individual school readiness to move forward
Established Tier 1 Interventions (2+ years) Tier 2 Interventions & IPBS teaming process
Need structures (data tools, admin support, resources/FTE for tier 2 interventions & IPBS teaming) in place in order to make investment in training & coaching worthwhile
Tier 3 Interventions Without Tier 2 effectively in place – in most schools tier 3 is
often an insurmountable battle
TrainingAssuming effective universal systems Tier 2 Interventions
CICO (check fidelity of implementation) Add’l interventions & using data to select appropriate
interventions Elem v. Secondary
IPBS Teaming Process Data systems & Data Based Decision Making
District Behavior SpecialistOn-site Coaching Support
Initially, serve as Systems coach for implementation of: Tier 2 Interventions IPBS team process
Data collection, analysis and decision making
Coach Building behavior specialists and team members to effectively perform required tasks of IPBS process
Once teams are implementing more effectively, then: Provide more intensive support to develop FBA/BSP skills in schools Provide direct support for students requiring most intensive behavior
support (in school intervention & community supports)
Performance Assessment Monitoring performance of school teams
Monitoring team data collection & data based decision making Are all students in need of support being identified
and provided support in a timely manner? Are students responding to interventions? Are the interventions (Tier 2) working for majority of
students being referred? Are they worth the investment?
Are the interventions (Tier 2) being implemented with fidelity? Regularly complete fidelity measures (CISS, etc.)
Performance Assessment When schools are ready to move to Tier 3 Focus
(FBA/BSP) Performance assessment will focus on individual student
plans Effective FBA Do Behavioral Interventions match function of behavior? Data collected consistently? Data measuring correct behavior? Is intervention being implemented accurately? Is the plan being reviewed and appropriate decisions being
made?