106 DAFTAR PUSTAKA Anon. 1992. Monograf tanaman cengkeh. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Bogor. Anon. 1997. Vanilin Synthese. Diakses dari http://groups.google.co.id/sci.chem.organic.synthesis , tanggal 4 Februari 2006 Anon. 2005. Prospek dan Arah Pengembangan Agribisnis Cengkeh, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian RI. Anon. 2005. Isomerisation and other related reactions in industry. http://o/etd.uj.ac.za.raulib.rau.ac.za/theses/available/etd/0832005/124909/restricted/Hooofst uk1.pdf .Diakses tanggal 19 Pebruari 2006. Anon. 2006b. Spesifikasi Eugenol dalam Perdagangan. http://www.indesso.com Diakses tanggal 15 Desember 2008 Anon. 2006. Efek Katalis pada Laju Reaksi. http://Chem-is-try.org Diakses tanggal 21 Januari 2007 Anon. 2008. Market report. http://www.premiumingredients.co.uk/news_article.aspx?news_id=59&type_id=2 . Diakses tanggal 21 Pebruari 2009 Anon. 2010. Natural prices. Http://www.gsbflavorcreators.com/press_files/natural_prices.pdf Balittro. 2005. Produksi cengkeh 2005 dan prakiraan produksi cengkeh sampai 2009 di Indonesia. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Tidak dipublikasikan. Bank Indonesia. 2004. Aspek Pemasaran - Usaha Penyulingan Minyak Daun Cengkeh. Diakses dari http://www.bi.go.id/sipuk/sipuk04/lm/ind/atsiri/pemasaran.htm , tanggal 23 Desember 2005. Barbosa E, Daniel P, Ana LAV, Selma GFL. 2008. Vanilin Production by Phanerochaete Chrysosporium Grown on dreen Coconut agroindustrial husk in solid state fermentation. BioResources 3(4), 1042-1050. BB Pascapanen. 2006. Teknologi Sintesis Vanilin dan Optimasi Pemurnian Eugenol dari Minyak Daun Cengkeh. Laporan Akhir Tahun. Tidak dipublikasi. Bedoukian PZ. 1967. Perfumery and flavouring synthetics. Elsevier Publ. Co., New York. Blank, Leland P E, Anthony TPE. 2002. “Engineering Economy”, fifth edition, New Yor. Both RH, penemu; Syracuse. New York 27 Sept 1927. Process of Manufacturing Vanillin. US Patent 1 643 805.
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106
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Anon. 1992. Monograf tanaman cengkeh. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. Bogor. Anon. 1997. Vanilin Synthese. Diakses dari
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http://o/etd.uj.ac.za.raulib.rau.ac.za/theses/available/etd/0832005/124909/restricted/Hooofstuk1.pdf .Diakses tanggal 19 Pebruari 2006.
Anon. 2006b. Spesifikasi Eugenol dalam Perdagangan. http://www.indesso.com Diakses tanggal
15 Desember 2008 Anon. 2006. Efek Katalis pada Laju Reaksi. http://Chem-is-try.org Diakses tanggal 21 Januari
2007 Anon. 2008. Market report.
http://www.premiumingredients.co.uk/news_article.aspx?news_id=59&type_id=2. Diakses tanggal 21 Pebruari 2009
Anon. 2010. Natural prices. Http://www.gsbflavorcreators.com/press_files/natural_prices.pdf Balittro. 2005. Produksi cengkeh 2005 dan prakiraan produksi cengkeh sampai 2009 di
Indonesia. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Tidak dipublikasikan. Bank Indonesia. 2004. Aspek Pemasaran - Usaha Penyulingan Minyak Daun Cengkeh. Diakses
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BB Pascapanen. 2006. Teknologi Sintesis Vanilin dan Optimasi Pemurnian Eugenol dari Minyak
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113
Lampiran 1 Biaya investasi industri isoeugenol berbahan dasar eugenol MDC
No Uraian Jumlah Unit Harga /unit Jumlah Total biaya (Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah)
1 Pembelian tanah dan survey 2500 m2 100.000 250.000.000 Sub total I 250.000.000
2 Bangunan dan pekerjaan sipil 1. Kantor 50 m2 1.000.000 50.000.000 2. Bangunan produksi 250 m2 1.000.000 250.000.000 3. Bangunan laboratorium 35 m2 1.100.000 38.500.000 4. Gudang 50 m2 900.000 45.000.000 5. Mushola 35 m2 900.000 31.500.000 6. Pagar 100 m 50.000 5.000.000 7. Area parkir 100 m2 75.000 7.500.000 8. Pos satpam 15 m2 500.000 7.500.000 9. Jalan 150 m2 100.000 15.000.000 Sub total II 450.000.000
3 Alat dan mesin proses 1. Reaktor 5 unit 450.000.000 2.250.000.000 2. Dekanter 2 unit 30.000.000 60.000.000 3. Vaporizer 3 unit 45.000.000 135.000.000 4. Heater 2 unit 30.000.000 60.000.000 5. Cooler 2 unit 40.000.000 80.000.000 6. Mixer 6 unit 15.000.000 90.000.000 7. Pompa 10 unit 6.000.000 60.000.000 6. Peralatan laboratorium 3 paket 15.000.000 45.000.000 Sub total III 2.780.000.000
4 Peralatan umum 1. Generator 1 unit 15.000.000 15.000.000 2. Instalasi pemadam kebakaran 2 unit 7.500.000 15.000.000 3. Instalasi listrik 2 paket 4.000.000 8.000.000 4. Instalasi pipa 3 paket 3.500.000 10.500.000 5. Pompa air 2 unit 3.500.000 7.000.000 6. Tangki bahan bakar 2 unit 5.000.000 10.000.000 Sub total IV 65.500.000
5 Peralatan kantor 1. Meja kantor 4 unit 250.000 1.000.000 2. Kursi 10 unit 100.000 1.000.000 3. Meja dan kursi tamu 1 unit 2.000.000 2.000.000 4. Almari 3 unit 850.000 2.550.000 5. Komputer 3 unit 3.500.000 10.500.000 6. Printer 3 unit 450.000 1.350.000 7. Whiteboard 2 unit 75.000 150.000 8. AC 3 unit 4.000.000 12.000.000 Sub total V 30.550.000
114
Lampiran 2 Biaya investasi industri isoeugenol berbahan dasar eugenol MDC (Lanjutan) No Uraian Jumlah Unit Harga /unit Jumlah Total biaya
(Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah) 6 Kendaraan
1. Mobil operasi 1 unit 130.000.000 130.000.000 2. Mobil bak terbuka 1 unit 65.000.000 65.000.000 3. Sepeda motor 2 unit 12.000.000 24.000.000 Sub total VI 219.000.000
7 Pra Operasi
1. Studi Kelayakan 1 paket 85.000.000 85.000.000 2. Instalasi mesin & alat 1 paket 200.000.000 200.000.000 3. Perizinan 1 paket 50.000.000 50.000.000 Sub total VII 335.000.000
Total Investasi 4.130.050.000
115
Lampiran 3 Biaya bahan baku, bahan pembantu dan utilitas industri isoeugenol No Uraian Kebutuhan Unit Harga/unit Biaya/bulan Biaya/tahun (Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah)
Sub Total 700,000,000 67,500,000 14,000,000 350,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000
MESIN DAN PERALATAN
Alat dan mesin proses 2,780,000,000 417,000,000 208,500,000 1,390,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000
Total Kas Masuk 131,617,776,119 63,217,390,581 88,401,807,671 113,685,920,811 97,531,992,559 79,255,208,007 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Total Kas Keluar 131,617,776,119 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 44,790,901,924 69,975,319,014 95,259,432,154 79,105,503,903 60,828,719,350 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 44,790,901,924 69,975,319,014 95,259,432,154 79,105,503,903 60,828,719,350 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 44,790,901,924 114,766,220,938 210,025,653,093 289,131,156,995 349,959,876,345 408,560,747,184 442,296,644,117 448,185,265,959 422,886,483,806 362,659,402,036
Uraian
94
121
Lampiran 9 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol berbahan dasar eugenol MDC
Total Kas Masuk 131,617,776,119 60,637,682,169 86,338,040,941 112,138,095,764 96,500,109,194 78,739,266,324 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Total Kas Keluar 131,617,776,119 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 42,211,193,512 67,911,552,284 93,711,607,107 78,073,620,538 60,312,777,668 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 42,211,193,512 67,911,552,284 93,711,607,107 78,073,620,538 60,312,777,668 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 42,211,193,512 110,122,745,797 203,834,352,904 281,907,973,442 342,220,751,110 400,821,621,948 434,557,518,881 440,446,140,723 415,147,358,570 354,920,276,800
Uraian
97
124
Lampiran 12 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol pada tingkat suku bunga 16%
Total Kas Masuk 131,617,776,119 58,057,973,757 84,274,274,212 110,590,270,717 95,468,225,830 78,223,324,642 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Total Kas Keluar 131,617,776,119 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 39,631,485,100 65,847,785,555 92,163,782,060 77,041,737,173 59,796,835,985 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 39,631,485,100 65,847,785,555 92,163,782,060 77,041,737,173 59,796,835,985 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 39,631,485,100 105,479,270,655 197,643,052,715 274,684,789,888 334,481,625,874 393,082,496,712 426,818,393,645 432,707,015,488 407,408,233,335 347,181,151,565
Uraian
100
127
Lampiran 15 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol pada tingkat suku bunga 20 %
Total Kas Masuk 131,617,776,119 55,478,265,345 82,210,507,482 109,042,445,670 94,436,342,465 77,707,382,960 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Total Kas Keluar 131,617,776,119 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657 18,426,488,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 37,051,776,688 63,784,018,825 90,615,957,013 76,009,853,808 59,280,894,303 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 37,051,776,688 63,784,018,825 90,615,957,013 76,009,853,808 59,280,894,303 58,600,870,839 33,735,896,933 5,888,621,842 (25,298,782,153) (60,227,081,770)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 37,051,776,688 100,835,795,514 191,451,752,527 267,461,606,335 326,742,500,638 385,343,371,477 419,079,268,410 424,967,890,252 399,669,108,099 339,442,026,329
Uraian
103
130
Lampiran 18 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol pada tingkat suku bunga 24 %
Total Kas Masuk 138,601,776,119 57,917,931,381 81,554,880,311 105,291,525,291 88,241,968,879 68,952,224,967 47,153,517,495 20,914,861,188 (8,470,938,192) (41,381,489,392) (78,239,713,878)
Total Kas Keluar 138,601,776,119 19,404,248,657 19,404,248,657 19,404,248,657 19,404,248,657 19,404,248,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 38,513,682,724 62,150,631,654 85,887,276,634 68,837,720,223 49,547,976,310 47,153,517,495 20,914,861,188 (8,470,938,192) (41,381,489,392) (78,239,713,878)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 38,513,682,724 62,150,631,654 85,887,276,634 68,837,720,223 49,547,976,310 47,153,517,495 20,914,861,188 (8,470,938,192) (41,381,489,392) (78,239,713,878)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 38,513,682,724 100,664,314,378 186,551,591,013 255,389,311,235 304,937,287,545 352,090,805,040 373,005,666,228 364,534,728,035 323,153,238,643 244,913,524,766
Uraian
106
133
Lampiran 21 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol pada harga bahan baku Rp. 190.000,-/kg
Total Kas Masuk 145,585,776,119 52,618,472,181 74,707,952,951 96,897,129,771 78,951,945,199 58,649,241,927 35,706,164,151 8,093,825,442 (22,830,498,227) (57,464,196,631) (96,252,345,985)
Total Kas Keluar 145,585,776,119 20,382,008,657 20,382,008,657 20,382,008,657 20,382,008,657 20,382,008,657
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 32,236,463,524 54,325,944,294 76,515,121,114 58,569,936,543 38,267,233,270 35,706,164,151 8,093,825,442 (22,830,498,227) (57,464,196,631) (96,252,345,985)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 32,236,463,524 54,325,944,294 76,515,121,114 58,569,936,543 38,267,233,270 35,706,164,151 8,093,825,442 (22,830,498,227) (57,464,196,631) (96,252,345,985)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 32,236,463,524 86,562,407,818 163,077,528,933 221,647,465,475 259,914,698,745 295,620,862,896 303,714,688,338 280,884,190,111 223,419,993,480 127,167,647,495
Uraian
109
136
Lampiran 24 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri isoeugenol pada harga bahan baku Rp. 200.000,-/kg
56,133,605,753 (182,710,591,609) (201,797,959,717) Present Value
Kriteria Nilai Satuan
NPV 56,133,605,753 Rupiah
IRR 20.93% Persen
B/C rasio 1.19 _
BEP 7,367 Jumlah produk PBP 1.80 Tahun
110
137
Lampiran 25 Jenis dan jumlah input lain di luar bahan baku dan tenaga kerja pada industri isoeugenol
No Jenis biaya Biaya/tahun (Rupiah)
A Biaya Tetap 1. Administrasi dan Pemasaran 36.000.000 2. Penyusutan 528.002.500 3. Pemeliharaan 246.128.750 4. Asuransi 1.897.525 5. Riset dan Pengembangan (R&D) 15.000.000 Sub Total 827.028.775 B Biaya Variabel 1. Bahan Pembantu 67.962.240 2. Kemasan 579.000.000 3. Bahan Bakar 168.000.000 Sub Total 814.962.240 TOTAL 1.641.991.015
111
138
Lampiran 26 Perhitungan nilai tambah industri isoeugenol pada harga bahan baku Rp 180.000,-; Rp 190.000,- dan Rp 200.000,- per kg
No Variabel Perhitungan Nilai
I Output, input dan harga :
1. Output (kg/th) a 1.157.280 1.157.280 1.157.280
2. Bahan baku (kg/th) b 1.164.000 1.164.000 1.164.000
3. Tenaga kerja (HOK/th) c 8.400 8.400 8.400
4. Faktor konversi d = a/b 0,9942268 0,994227 0,9942268
5. Koefisien tenaga kerja (HOK/kg) e = c/b 0,01 0,01 0,01
6. Harga output (Rp/kg) f 328.500 328.500 328.500 7. Upah rata-rata tenaga kerja (Rp/HOK) g 61.929 61.929 61.929
II Pendapatan dan keuntungan
8. Harga bahan baku (Rp/kg) h 180.000 190.000 200.000 9. Sumbangan input lain (Rp/kg) i 1.411 1.411 1.411
10. Nilai output (Rp/kg) j = dxf 326.604 326.604 326.604
11 a. Nilai tambah (Rp/kg) k = j-i-h 145.193 135.193 125.193
b. Rasio nilai tambah (%) l(%) = k/j x 100% 44,46 41,39 38,33
12 a. Imbalan tenaga kerja (Rp/kg) m = exg 447,00 447,00 447,00
b. Bagian tenaga kerja (%) n(%) = m/k x
100% 0,31 0,33 0,36
13 a. Keuntungan (Rp/kg) o = k-m 144.746 134.746 124.746
b. Tingkat keuntungan (%) p(%) = o/j x 100% 44,32 41,26 38,19
a. Pendapatan tenaga kerja (%) r(%) = m/q x 100% 0,30 0,33 0,35
b. Sumbangan input lain (%) s(%) = i/q x 100% 0,96 1,03 1,11
c. Keuntungan perusahaan (%) t(%) = o/q x 100% 98,73 98,64 98,53
112
139
Lampiran 27 Biaya investasi industri vanilin berbahan dasar eugenol MDC
No Uraian Jumlah Unit Harga /unit Jumlah Total biaya (Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah)
1 Pembelian tanah dan survey 2500 m2 100.000 250.000.000
Sub total I 250.000.000
2 Bangunan dan pekerjaan sipil
1. Kantor 50 m2 1.000.000 50.000.000
2. Bangunan produksi 250 m2 1.000.000 250.000.000
3. Bangunan laboratorium 35 m2 1.100.000 38.500.000
4. Gudang 50 m2 900.000 45.000.000
5. Mushola 35 m2 900.000 31.500.000
6. Pagar 100 m 50.000 5.000.000 7. Area parkir 100 m2 75.000 7.500.000
8. Pos satpam 15 m2 500.000 7.500.000
9. Jalan 150 m2 100.000 15.000.000
Sub total II 450.000.000 3 Alat dan mesin proses
1. Reaktor 5 unit 450.000.000 2.250.000.000 2. Dekanter 2 unit 30.000.000 60.000.000 3. Vaporizer 3 unit 45.000.000 135.000.000 4. Heater 2 unit 30.000.000 60.000.000 5. Cooler 2 unit 40.000.000 80.000.000 6. Mixer 6 unit 15.000.000 90.000.000 7. Pompa 10 unit 6.000.000 60.000.000 6. Peralatan laboratorium 3 paket 15.000.000 45.000.000 Sub total III 2.780.000.000
4 Peralatan umum 1. Generator 1 unit 15.000.000 15.000.000 2. Instalasi pemadam kebakaran 2 unit 7.500.000 15.000.000 3. Instalasi listrik 2 paket 4.000.000 8.000.000 4. Instalasi pipa 3 paket 3.500.000 10.500.000 5. Pompa air 2 unit 3.500.000 7.000.000 6. Tangki bahan bakar 2 unit 5.000.000 10.000.000 Sub total IV 65.500.000
5 Peralatan kantor 1. Meja kantor 4 unit 250.000 1.000.000 2. Kursi 10 unit 100.000 1.000.000 3. Meja dan kursi tamu 1 unit 2.000.000 2.000.000 4. Almari 3 unit 850.000 2.550.000 5. Komputer 3 unit 3.500.000 10.500.000 6. Printer 3 unit 450.000 1.350.000 7. Whiteboard 2 unit 75.000 150.000 8. AC 3 unit 4.000.000 12.000.000 Sub total V 30.550.000
140
Lampiran 28 Biaya investasi industri vanilin berbahan dasar eugenol MDC (Lanjutan)
No Uraian Jumlah Unit Harga /unit Jumlah Total biaya (Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah) 6 Kendaraan
1. Mobil operasi 1 unit 130.000.000 130.000.000 2. Mobil bak terbuka 1 unit 65.000.000 65.000.000 3. Sepeda motor 2 unit 12.000.000 24.000.000 Sub total VI 219.000.000
7 Pra Operasi
1. Studi Kelayakan 1 paket 85.000.000 85.000.000 2. Instalasi mesin & alat 1 paket 200.000.000 200.000.000 3. Perizinan 1 paket 50.000.000 50.000.000 Sub total VII 335.000.000
Total Investasi 4.130.050.000
141
Lampiran 29 Biaya bahan baku, bahan pembantu dan utilitas industri vanilin
No Uraian Kebutuhan Unit Harga/unit Biaya/bulan Biaya/tahun (Rupiah) (Rupiah) (Rupiah) 1 Bahan baku
Eugenol 3.880 kg/hari 180.000 17.460.000.000 209.520.000.000 Sub total I 209.520.000.000 2 Bahan pembantu
Sub Total 700,000,000 67,500,000 14,000,000 350,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000 38,250,000
MESIN DAN PERALATAN
Alat dan mesin proses 2,780,000,000 417,000,000 208,500,000 1,390,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000 139,000,000
Total Kas Masuk 158,924,645,559 76,496,072,450 106,967,423,588 137,538,432,277 117,884,209,163 95,648,531,711 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Total Kas Keluar 158,924,645,559 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 54,246,622,072 84,717,973,210 115,288,981,899 95,634,758,785 73,399,081,333 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 54,246,622,072 84,717,973,210 115,288,981,899 95,634,758,785 73,399,081,333 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 54,246,622,072 138,964,595,281 254,253,577,180 349,888,335,966 423,287,417,298 493,809,081,282 534,096,828,777 540,524,030,939 509,028,899,910 435,062,268,306
Uraian
120
147
Lampiran 35 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin berbahan dasar eugenol MDC
Total Kas Masuk 158,924,645,559 73,381,149,397 104,475,485,146 135,669,478,445 116,638,239,942 95,025,547,100 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
3. Angsuran Pinjaman 0 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378Total Kas Keluar 158,924,645,559 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 51,131,699,019 82,226,034,768 113,420,028,067 94,388,789,564 72,776,096,722 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 51,131,699,019 82,226,034,768 113,420,028,067 94,388,789,564 72,776,096,722 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 51,131,699,019 133,357,733,786 246,777,761,853 341,166,551,417 413,942,648,140 484,464,312,124 524,752,059,618 531,179,261,780 499,684,130,751 425,717,499,147
Uraian
123
150
Lampiran 38 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin pada tingkat suku bunga 16 %
Total Kas Masuk 158,924,645,559 70,266,226,344 101,983,546,703 133,800,524,614 115,392,270,721 94,402,562,490 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Total Kas Keluar 158,924,645,559 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 48,016,775,966 79,734,096,325 111,551,074,235 93,142,820,343 72,153,112,112 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 48,016,775,966 79,734,096,325 111,551,074,235 93,142,820,343 72,153,112,112 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 48,016,775,966 127,750,872,291 239,301,946,526 332,444,766,869 404,597,878,981 475,119,542,965 515,407,290,459 521,834,492,621 490,339,361,592 416,372,729,988
Uraian
12
6
153
Lampiran 41 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin pada tingkat suku bunga 20 %
3. Angsuran Pinjaman 0 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378Total Kas Keluar 158,924,645,559 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378 22,249,450,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 44,901,852,913 77,242,157,883 109,682,120,404 91,896,851,122 71,530,127,501 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 44,901,852,913 77,242,157,883 109,682,120,404 91,896,851,122 71,530,127,501 70,521,663,984 40,287,747,494 6,427,202,162 (31,495,131,029) (73,966,631,604)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 44,901,852,913 122,144,010,796 231,826,131,199 323,722,982,321 395,253,109,822 465,774,773,806 506,062,521,300 512,489,723,462 480,994,592,433 407,027,960,829
Uraian
129
156
Lampiran 44 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin pada tingkat suku bunga 24 %
Total Kas Masuk 165,908,645,559 71,196,613,250 100,120,496,228 129,144,036,757 108,594,185,483 85,345,548,671 59,074,310,640 27,466,711,749 (7,932,357,873) (47,577,838,268) (91,979,263,711)
Total Kas Keluar 165,908,645,559 23,227,210,378 23,227,210,378 23,227,210,378 23,227,210,378 23,227,210,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 47,969,402,872 76,893,285,850 105,916,826,379 85,366,975,105 62,118,338,293 59,074,310,640 27,466,711,749 (7,932,357,873) (47,577,838,268) (91,979,263,711)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 47,969,402,872 76,893,285,850 105,916,826,379 85,366,975,105 62,118,338,293 59,074,310,640 27,466,711,749 (7,932,357,873) (47,577,838,268) (91,979,263,711)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 47,969,402,872 124,862,688,721 230,779,515,100 316,146,490,206 378,264,828,498 437,339,139,138 464,805,850,887 456,873,493,015 409,295,654,747 317,316,391,035
Uraian
132
159
Lampiran 47 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin pada harga bahan baku Rp. 190.000,-/kg
Total Kas Masuk 172,892,645,559 65,897,154,050 93,273,568,868 120,749,641,237 99,304,161,803 75,042,565,631 47,626,957,296 14,645,676,004 (22,291,917,907) (63,660,545,507) (109,991,895,819)
3. Angsuran Pinjaman 0 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378Total Kas Keluar 172,892,645,559 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378 24,204,970,378
Aliran Kas Bersih 0 41,692,183,672 69,068,598,490 96,544,670,859 75,099,191,425 50,837,595,253 47,626,957,296 14,645,676,004 (22,291,917,907) (63,660,545,507) (109,991,895,819)
Arus Kas Awal Tahun 0 41,692,183,672 69,068,598,490 96,544,670,859 75,099,191,425 50,837,595,253 47,626,957,296 14,645,676,004 (22,291,917,907) (63,660,545,507) (109,991,895,819)
Arus Kas Akhir Tahun 0 41,692,183,672 110,760,782,161 207,305,453,020 282,404,644,446 333,242,239,698 380,869,196,994 395,514,872,998 373,222,955,091 309,562,409,584 199,570,513,765
Uraian
135
162
Lampiran 50 Perhitungan NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio dan PBP industri vanilin pada harga bahan baku Rp. 200.000,-/kg
Present Value 190,353,693,877 (191,907,011,823) (227,471,627,247)
136
163
Lampiran 51 Jenis dan jumlah input lain di luar bahan baku dan tenaga kerja pada industri vanillin
No Jenis biaya Biaya/tahun (Rupiah)
A Biaya Tetap 1. Administrasi dan Pemasaran 48.000.000 2. Penyusutan 528.002.500 3. Pemeliharaan 246.128.750 4. Asuransi 1.897.525 5. Riset dan Pengembangan
(R&D) 25.000.000
Sub Total 849.028.775
B Biaya Variabel 1. Bahan Pembantu 45.539.264.640 2. Kemasan 384.480.000 3. Bahan Bakar 366.000.000 Sub Total 46.289.744.640 TOTAL 47.138.773.415
164
Lampiran 52 Perhitungan nilai tambah industri vanilin pada harga bahan baku
eugenol Rp 180.000,-; Rp 190.000,- dan Rp 200.000,- per kg
No Variabel Perhitungan Nilai
I Output, input dan harga :
1. Output (kg/th) a 853.920 853.920 853.920 2. Bahan baku (kg/th) b 1.164.000 1.164.000 1.164.000 3. Tenaga kerja (HOK/th) c 8.400 8.400 8.400 4. Faktor konversi d = a/b 0,73 0,73 0,73 5. Koefisien tenaga kerja (HOK/kg) e = c/b 0,01 0,01 0,01 6. Harga output (Rp/kg) f 540.000 540.000 540.000 7. Upah rata-rata tenaga kerja (Rp/HOK) g 61.929 61.929 61.929
II Pendapatan dan keuntungan
8. Harga bahan baku (Rp/kg) h 180.000 190.000 200.000 9. Sumbangan input lain (Rp/kg) i 40.497 40.497 40.497 10. Nilai output (Rp/kg) j = dxf 396.148 396.148 396.148 11 a. Nilai tambah (Rp/kg) k = j-i-h 175.651 165.651 155.651 b. Rasio nilai tambah (%) l(%) = k/j x 100% 44,34 41,82 39,29 12 a. Imbalan tenaga kerja (Rp/kg) m = exg 2.190 2.190 2.190 b. Bagian tenaga kerja (%) n(%) = m/k x 100% 1,25 1,32 1,41 13 a. Keuntungan (Rp/kg) o = k-m 173.461 163.461 153.461 b. Tingkat keuntungan (%) p(%) = o/j x 100% 43,79 41,26 38,74
III Balas Jasa Pemilik Faktor Produksi
Marjin Keuntungan (Rp/kg) q = j-h 216.148 206.148 196.148 a. Pendapatan tenaga kerja (%) r(%) = m/q x 100% 1,01 1,06 1,12 b. Sumbangan input lain (%) s(%) = i/q x 100% 18,74 19,64 20,65 c. Keuntungan perusahaan (%) t(%) = o/q x 100% 80,25 79,29 78,24