Dirac fermions in Graphite and Graphene Igor Lukyanchuk Amiens University I. Lukyanchuk, Y. Kopelevich et al. - Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 166402 (2004) - Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 256801 (2006) Graphene 2005 Novoselov, et al. Nature 438, 197 (2005 Y. Zhang, et al., Nature 438, 201 (2005
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Dirac fermions in Graphite and Graphene Igor Lukyanchuk Amiens University I. Lukyanchuk, Y. Kopelevich et al. - Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 166402 (2004) - Phys.
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Dirac fermions in Graphite and Graphene
Igor Lukyanchuk Amiens University
I. Lukyanchuk, Y. Kopelevich et al.
- Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 166402 (2004)- Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 256801 (2006)
Graphene2005
Novoselov, et al. Nature 438, 197 (2005
Y. Zhang, et al., Nature 438, 201 (2005
Why graphene is interesting ?
- Fundamental physics
- Applications (carbon-based microelectronics )
3D 2D 1D 0D
(Nobel prize) (Nobel prize)
2 view of Graphene
Nanotube-grapheneGraphite-graphene
“ “:
November 2005
• Graphene active area covering an entire 8-inch wafer• Carrier mobility of the FET exceeding 15,000 cm2/V-s• Drain voltage of the FET smaller than 0.25 V• ft and fmax both larger than 500 GHz• W-band low noise amplifier with >15 dB of gain and <1dB of noise figure• Wafer yield of the low noise amplifiers is more than 90%
30 000 000 $
HP, Intel, IBM…
Wanted:
Linear Dirac spectrum
Graphene: (2D graphite monolayer, Semimetal)
Special points of Brillouin zone
Brillouin zone 4-component (Dirac ????) wave function
"Normal electrons" “Dirac fermions"
Schrödinger equation Dirac equation
Dirac spinor
Free Relativistic Electrons
Gap formation, excitonic insulator, weak ferromagnetism, … ???
Interlayer tunneling spectroscopy of Landau levels in graphiteYu. I. Latyshev1, A. P. Orlov1, V. A. Volkov1, A. V. Irzhak2, D. Vignolles3, J. Marcus4 and T. Fournier4