Digital radio TETRA - · PDF fileDigital radio TETRA Author: ABB Subject: Power and productivity for a new world Created Date: 9/25/2009 11:01:39 AM

© ABB Group September 25, 2009 | Slide 1

Digital radio TETRA digital radio system

Kjell Arne Gjerde / ABB Telecom O&G / 22.09.2009


TETRA

TETRA = TErrestrial Trunked Radio

ETSI standard since 1995.

The motivation:

To define one standard for digital PMR (Professional Mobile Radio) that covered all present and future requirements for all PMR users in Europe.

Open standard:

Multi vendor environment.

Typically used as substitution for analogue UHF radio systems


TETRA

The standard defines (TETRA MOU)

Air Interface (AI)

Voice plus Data (V+D)

Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

Conformance testing

TETRA speech codec

Packet Data Optimized (PDO)

Inter-System Interface (ISI)

Peripheral Equipment Interface (PEI)

Supplementary Services


TETRA

The Interoperability Certificate (IOP) assures that various manufacturers terminals can indistinctly operate on any TETRA network.Tests are supervised from an independent accredited test house.All functionality tested and approved are summarized in public tablesInteroperability (IOP) based on TETRA Interoperability Profiles (TIP):

Air Interface, AI (TTR 001)Direct Mode Operation, DMO (TTR 002)Inter-System-Interface, ISI (TTR 003)-> Currently no test plans available for ISI!

The interoperability in TETRA enables the Customer to deploy terminals from different vendors than the one selected for the infrastructure.

The market controls the terminal development.Possible to have custom tailored terminals


TETRA

Currently there are:

Approximately 12 independent TETRA infrastructure manufacturers

Approximately 8 independent TETRA terminal manufacturers

A huge number of independent application developers

These figures are constantly increasing


TETRA

EAST EUROPE13%

LATIN AMERICA5%

MIDDLE EAST5%

NORTH EUROPE8%

WEST EUROPE37%

UNKNOWN1%

ASIA PAC10%

AFRICA4%

NOT DECLARED4%

SOUTH EUROPE13%

AFRICA 18ASIA PAC 52EAST EUROPE 64LATIN AMERICA 24MIDDLE EAST 26NORTH EUROPE 40SOUTH EUROPE 66WEST EUROPE 188NOT DECLARED 22UNKNOWN 5TOTAL 505


TETRA

Voice

Individual calls

Group calls

Emergency calls

Data

Short Data Services (SDS)

Circuit data

Packet data


Conventional vs. trunked

Conventional

Channels are dedicated to specific services

Uneven load distribution among channels

Waste of spectrum resources

Trunked

Channels are dynamically assigned to user requests

Traffic load distributed among channels

Optimal use of spectrum resources


Advantages of digital systems

Who are you ?

Constant voice quality

High speed data transmission

Subscribers and network authentication

High security ciphering


Digital Radio Blockdiagram

MOD.

COD.FILTER SAMPLE COMPR.M U X

CODEC (TX)

Transmission channel

(RF on air)

DEMOD.

DECOD.FILTER andPROCESSINGSPEAKER DECOMP.

M U X

CODEC (RX)

MICRO

Software Radio


Codec performance

Comparison with analogue FM

TETRA

FM

Range

Quality

1 & 2 3 & 41 Male Moderate C/N

2 Female Moderate C/N

3 Male Poor C/N

4 Female Poor C/N


Radio channel usage: conventional analogue

CASE 1:conventional analogue systems

1 channel in 25 kHz 1 channel in 25 kHz


Radio channel usage: TDMA

CASE 2:TETRA digital systems

1 channel in 25 kHz 1 channel in 25 kHz


TETRA Individual calls

Platform 1

Out of coverage

User1User3

User4

User2


TETRA Group call

Platform 1

Out of coverage

SupervisorGroup

DrillerGroup

SupervisorGroup

Platform 2SupervisorGroup

SupervisorGroup

DrillerGroup


TETRA Emergency mode

Out of coverage


TETRA Virtual networks

Different companies can share the same TETRA network.

Common infrastructure with full control over own part of the system

Can consist of many networks and thousands of users.

A virtual network can be divided into smaller networks, and terminals can be moved from one network to the other.

Common resources

Dispatch


TETRA Virtual networks

Terminals can be defined in several virtual networks at the same time

Gives great flexibility for configuration and customization.

Management

Driller Group Crane Group Maritime Group

Dispatch


TETRA Radio air interface

TETRA has two different modes of operation

Trunked mode operation (TMO)

Mobile-like mode where the radio terminals communicate via a base station (BS).

In case some receiving parties are in the coverage of another BS, the voice call will be routed via a switch and control node (SCN).

Direct mode operation (DMO)

In this mode, the radio terminals communicate directly with one or more radio terminals within its direct coverage.

This mode represents the traditional ”walkie-talkie”mode.


TETRA System characteristics

OPERATIVE FREQUENCY:

MODULATION:

380÷400 MHz (10 MHz) 410÷430 MHz (10 MHz) 450÷470 MHz (10 MHz) 806÷870 MHz (45 MHz) 870÷921 MHz (45 MHz)

25 kHz

Band and duplex spacing (Tx/Rx):

Carrier spacing:

P/4-DQPSK36 Kbit/s

28,8 Kbit/sMax data rate per carrier:

Type:

Gross bite rate per carrier:



Voice and data capabilities

4 traffic channels in one 25 kHz radio channel

point-to-point and point-to-multi point

concurrent voice and data

full-duplex call using simplex radios

fast call set-up

Fully digital trunked (TMO) and direct (DMO) modes of operation:

Dual watch

Repeater

Gateway



Security schemes

Authentication:

of User / Terminal

of the Infrastructure

Encryption:

Air Interface Encryption

End-to-End Encryption

Security Management

Disabling of stolen radios


TETRA Typical topology – Small system

Local network

PSTNPABXISDNPDN

Dispatcher


TETRA Typical topology – Large system

Regional Network

LocalNetwork

PSTNPABXISDNPDN

Dispatcher


Growth path from conventional to TETRA


Distribution of TETRA networks

BS





BS

BS

BS

SCN

BS

SCN


Fault scenario

BS

BS

Fiber

SCN

BS

SCN

DMO

GATEWAY

FALLBACK MODE

FALLBACK MODE

REPEATER


User Groups

BS

BS

FIBER

SCN

BS

SCN


TETRA and UHF

How the customer might migrate from conventional systems to a TETRA network in the most cost-efficient way.

TETRA Switch can be equipped with a 4 Wires E&M Gateway, providing up to 16 ports to be connected to the Conventional Analogue Radio System/Transceiver (e.g. Open-Channel) equipped with the same kind of interface.

This allows to support group calls involving TETRA and Analogue Subscribers.

Group calls simultaneously involving TETRA and Analogue Subscribers can be started from either Analogue or TETRA Subscribers.

In case the analogue system can support individual calls to PABX, then individual full-duplex calls can be supported by exploiting the PABX as “mediator”.

To use the TETRA radio terminals on the legacy systems : the Selex CommsPuma T3 and VS3000 have the unique dual-mode (TETRA and Frequency Modulation) capability. If the conventional system uses the same frequency bands (i.e. 380-430 MHz or 410-470 MHz), then the TETRA radio can be switched to the FM mode and used on the legacy system.


TETRA and Paging

Does TETRA support paging systems or terminals?

There are no TETRA paging receivers available in the market

TETRA support SDS messages

From dispatch

From terminals

From Gateways

Conventional paging system can coexist

Gateway functionality can be offered

SDS to paging system

Paging system to SDS

Can share the same antenna network


TETRA and WIFI

Can TETRA and WIFI be integrated into the same network?

The systems have different use and does not need to interact, but may share the antenna distribution network in leaky feeders to provide better coverage for the systems

WIFI must use frequencies bellow 2,4 GHz

Coverage from WIFI AP is limited compared to TETRA

If designed for WIFI, the coverage for TETRA will be very good


TETRA data calls

Can TETRA be used for data collection ?

The TETRA standard supports three main types of data communication via the API interface (V.24):

Line switched data (AT command set)

SDS message mediators

Packet switching (IP based – PPP)

There are available TETRA modem type radios in the market

Interface to external Packet Data network is provided via LAN interfaces with TCP/IP protocol. Particular customer requests to support others communication protocol are met with suitable routers between the TETRA system and the customer interface (e.g. Router converting TCP/IP packet to/from LAPD, X.25, etc.)

The data interfaces can be customized trough API server


Interfaces to existing equipment

Necessary interfaces for existing equipment (PABX, backbone/LAN etc.) ?

Selex Comms TETRA system and Base Stations can be equipped with appropriate gateway to interface external PABX/PSTN networks according to the following communication protocols:

EURO ISDN-PRI (30B + D): via E-1 G.703/704 2Meagbit/Sec link

Q.SIG: via E-1 G.703/704 2Meagbit/Sec link

EURO ISDN-BRI (2B + D).

Analogue 2 / 4 Wires E&M (DC5).

Analogue 2 Wires Loop Disconnect.

Others PABX/PSTN communication protocols could be provided through appropriate protocol converter installed between Gateway and PABX / PSTN equipment.


TETRA in O&G

ABB references

Sakhalin II

Valhall field

Skarv FPSO

ABB is reseller of Selex TETRA equipment

Ex certified terminals


Digital radio TETRA - · PDF fileDigital radio TETRA Author: ABB Subject: Power and productivity for a new world Created Date: 9/25/2009 11:01:39 AM

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