Development of Transmission System in India

• Generation

• Peak Demand : 132 GW

• Growth Rate : 9 – 10 % (per annum)

• Generation

• Peak Demand : 132 GW

• Growth Rate : 9 – 10 % (per annum)

India - Present Power Scenario

Total Installed Capacity – 228.7 GW (As on 30.09.13)

National Grid

1950-60’s

1970-80s

2000 onwards

Local

1950’s

State Grids by

SEBs

Regional Grids with ATS of

Central Generation

(Paradigm Shift from self sufficiency at Regional level concept to National level)

Interconnecting Regional Grids

with HVDC

1990s

0

50000

100000

IX Plan X Plan XI Plan XII Plan

510014100

27750 66400

IR Capacity (MW)

Evolution of National Grid

4

NEW Grid

SouthGrid

South

West

North

East

Northeast

Five Regional GridsFive Frequencies

October 1991East and Northeast

synchronized

March 2003West synchronized

With East & Northeast

August 2006North synchronized

With Central Grid

Central Grid

Five Regional GridsTwo Frequencies

Installed Capacity 229 GW

MERGING OF

MARKETS

Transmission network spread geographically over 3.3million sq

km : Inter-State and Intra-State level

Transmission line : 2,80,571 ckm

(POWERGRID : 1,020,000 ckm) 765kV : 7910 ckm 400kV : 1,20,693 ckm 220kV : 1,42,536 ckm HVDC Bipole (±500kV) : 9,432 ckms

Transformation capacity (MVA/MW) HVAC :474,091 MVA

(POWERGRID : 170,000MVA, 171 S/s)

− 765kV : 56,500 MVA− 400kV : 170,397 MVA− 220kV : 247,194 MVA HVDC : 13,500 MW

FSC – 33nos., TCSC – 6 nos.

SOUTHERN REGION

WESTERNREGION

EASTERN REGION

NORTHERN REGION NORTH-

EASTERN REGION

1

2

The‘Electrical’

Regions

Transmission Network - Present

6

14,230 MW

WR

NR

NER

ER

SR

1,520 MW3,630 MW

4,390 MW

1,260 MW

6,220 MW

Present IR Capacity – 31,850 MW

WR

Inter-Regional Capacity - Existing

GeneratorsCentral/State GENCO, IPP, Captive

CTU Inter-State Trans. system, Open Access

STU Intra-State Tr./Sub-tr. system

DISCOMS

System Operator

ConsumersIndustries, household, agriculture

Traders

Power Exchange

Players in the Power Sector

• To undertake transmission of electricity through ISTS

• To discharge all functions of planning and co-ordination

relating to ISTS with Central Govt, CEA, RPC, STU, Trans

Licensees.

• To ensure development of an efficient, co-ordinated and

economical system of ISTS lines for smooth flow of electricity

from generating stations to the load centres

• To provide non-discriminatory access to its transmission

system for use by any licensee or generating company on

payment of the transmission charges; or any consumer as

and when such open access is provided by the State

Commission

Role of POWERGRID as CTU

NLDC:Ensure integrated operation of National Grid

RLDC:Ensure integrated operation of Regional Grid

SLDC:Ensure integrated operation of State Grid

31

5

Grid Management - Hierarchy

** Source- Planning commission report on IEP

Present Generation Capacity & Demand - 228 GW & 132 GWPresent Generation Capacity & Demand - 228 GW & 132 GW

# Considering 9% GDP growth rate# Considering 9% GDP growth rate

205GW

Projected Power Scenario

Source: NASA Satellite Snapshot

Bangalore & Chennai

Mumbai & Pune

Ahmedabad

Hyderabad

Demand Pattern in India

Coal – In Central India - Chhattisgarh : 58000 MW- Orissa : 30000 MW- Jharkhand : 15000 MW- Madhya Pradesh:16000 MW

Hydro – In North Eastern & Northern Himalayan region

Coastal based- Andhra Pradesh: 24000 MW- Tamil Nadu : 10000 MW- Gujarat : 11000 MW

Energy resources (coal, water etc.) unevenly distributed

Hydro

Coal

Energy Resource Map

12th Plan (2012-17) Capacity Addition : 88 GW

• Thermal – 72 GW • Hydro – 11 GW• Nuclear – 6 GW

Renewable Capacity Addition - 12th Plan(2012-17) : 42 GW

• Wind – 30 GW • Solar – 10 GW• Small Hydro – 2 GW

Future Generation Scenario (5-6 Years)

Transmission Line : 1,10,000 ckm (POWERGRID – 40,000ckm)

765kV – 27,000 ckm 400kV – 38,000 ckm 220kV/132kV – 35,000 ckm HVDC – 9,500 ckm

Substations : about 270,000 MVA

(POWERGRID – 100,000 MVA)

Expansion Programme – 12th Plan

National Grid – A Continuing Process

27750

66000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

2011-12 By 2016-17

National Grid comprises of Inter-State, Intra-State and Inter-regional transmission system

Cummulative Growth of Inter-regional capacity in MW

Emerging National Grid

17

WR

NR

NER

ER

SR

6400 MW

10200 MW

8400 MW

6000 MW

1600 MW

5800 MW

National Grid - XII Plan addition – 38,400 MW

National Grid - Total by XII Plan – 66,000 MW

Augmentation of IR Capacity in XII Plan

Voltage (kV)

1977 1990 2000 2002 2012 2017-18Year

220kV400kV

500kVHVDC

765kV800kVHVDC

1200kV

765kV D/C - AC

World’s HighestVoltage level – Test station Charged in Oct.’12

World’s HighestVoltage level – Test station Charged in Oct.’12

World’s longest multi-terminal

HVDC to harness renewableHydro Power from North-east

World’s longest multi-terminal

HVDC to harness renewableHydro Power from North-east

Pursuing Higher Voltage Levels

High Voltage line

Increase the capacity of trans. corridor through HSIL/re-

conductoring with HTLS /Upgradation

Utilisation of existing transmission lines upto full thermal

capacity – Series capacitors, SVC, FACTS

Optimization of Tower design – tall tower, multi-ckt. tower

GIS substation

EHVAC : 400kV 765kV 1200kV HVDC : 500kV 800kV

Technology being Adopted

RoW (m)

Capacity

(MW)

MW/m RoW

400kV S/c 52 500 9.6

400kV D/c 46 1000 21.8

765kV S/c 64 2500 39

765kV D/c 67 4000 60

800kV HVDC 69 6000 87

69 m176 m

High Power Intensity Corridor

World’s longest multi-terminal ±800 kV HVDC under implementation from Biswanath Chariali, North-Eastern Region to Agra, Northern Region.

Shall transmit power to the tune of 6000-8000 MW.

2000 kmAgra

Biswanath Chariali

Implementing +800kV HVDC Bipole Link

World’s highest voltage, 1200kV UHV AC, test charged at Bina, Madhya Pradesh in October 2012.

Has been Developed Indigenously through Public Private Partnership (PPP) with 35 Indian manufacturers in open collaboration.

Indigenous Development of 1200kV UHVAC

Central Sector State Sector Private Sector Total

15220 (30%) 16732(30%) 23012(42%) 54964

26181 (30%) 15530(17%) 46825(53%) 88537

XI

XII

Change in Generation Profile

Long-term Open Access

– Application Received : 218no. , 132,000MW

– Granted : 148 No., 83,000 MW:

Connectivity

– Application Received : 188no. , 176,300MW

– Granted : 84 No., 74,400 MW

Short Term Open Access

– 2012-13 : 32,000 transactions, 74BU energy

Long Term Open Access / Connectivity

S.No Corridor Ins. Capacity (MW) LTOA granted (MW)

1 HCPTC –I

( for IPP projects in Orissa)10090 6080

2 HCPTC –II

( for IPP projects in Jharkhand)3820 3510

3 HCPTC-III (for IPP projects in Sikkim)

2162 2162

4 HCTPC-IV

( for IPP projects in M.P & Chhattisgarh) 4370 3554

5 HCTPC –V

( for IPP projects in Chhattisgarh)18270 16289

6 HCTPC –VI

( for IPP projects in Krishnapatnam)4240 3516

7 HCTPC –VII

( for IPP projects in Tuticorin)2520 2000

8 HCTPC –VIII

( for IPP projects in Srikakulam)1320 1240.8

9 HCTPC –IX

( for IPP projects in SR, for transfer of power to WR/NR)8446 7026

10 HCTPC –X

( for IPP projects in Vemagiri)4568 4325

11 HCTPC –XI

( for IPP projects in Nagapattinam/ Cuddalore )2250 2137

Total 62,000 52,000

High Capacity Corridors

28

HIGH CAPACITY CORRIDORS

Linkages with Neighboring

Countries

31

32

India - Bhutan : Interconnection

33

India - Nepal : Interconnection

130 Kms

120 Kms

110 Kms

Proposed Route for Interconnection

Madurai-New

Panaikulam

New Anuradhapura

Taliamannar

Thirukketiswaram *

48 Kms

Madurai

India – Sri Lanka Interconnection

Issues concerning availability of RoW and same are becoming critical – Resistance of people, terrains in areas of mountains and forest

Sector to grow from 228 GW to 600 GW in next 20 years – Even 765kV system may not be good enough. New methods have to be found out

Challenges to develop Transmission system to meet the requirement of power flow from anywhere to anywhere.

With increasing magnitude of power transmission, create new challenges of proper O&M

Issues & Challenges

Thank you