Developing for Sustainable Lanna Cultural Tourism Areaieomsociety.org/ieom_2016/pdfs/439.pdf · Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10, 2016 Developing for Sustainable Lanna Cultural
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Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10, 2016
Developing for Sustainable Lanna Cultural Tourism Area*
Gulputt Dechvichankit
Technopreneurship Department, Institute of Field Robotics
Abstract—Tourism industry in Thailand has been growing because of increasing in Thailand tourism popularity, as well as
continuous supports from the government sector. These lead to sudden tourism expansion. Recently, tourism sector is significant
factor which affect on Thailand’s economic system, national income is mostly from tourism sector. While tourism is a part of
national economic development, but it has negative effects on environment and society caused from unbalanced tourism
management. Nowadays, a lot of Thai and foreign tourists has been increasing as we can see from inappropriate tourism
management of some tourist attractions, they mainly interest in income from tourist only. If the government sector, entrepreneur
and tourists pay attention on developing tourism into sustainable tourism, both social and environmental problem will be
decreased and disappeared. In addition, To prepare for ASEAN Economics Community (AEC), it is necessary to be ready in
tourism management so as to balance economic, society and environment to make them as sustainable tourism. Thus, this is the
inspiration for this research in order to determine sustainable tourism development paths by studying from Lanna cultural
tourism area, consisting of Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Pha Yao, Lampang and Lamphun, which has this study methods as following:
(1) Study approaches for sustainable tourism of Lanna cultural tourism area in order to develop further into sustainable tourism
as well as apply this with other tourism all over the nation, (2) Analyze and design indicator for sustainable tourism in order to
assess the potential of a province in Lanna cultural tourism area and use the result lead to be sustainable tourism development.
This paper focus on issues analysis involving and influencing to stakeholder of tourism in each dimension of sustainable
development which are economic, social, environment in order to use as indicator of being sustainable tourism. This indicator can
be apply with all part of tourism in Thailand.
Keywords— Sustainable Tourism; Sustainable Lanna Cultural Tourism; Stakeholder of Sustainable Tourism.
I. INTRODUCTION
Ministry of Tourism and Sports had specified their strategy between 2012 and 2016. One of them is promotion of balancing and sustainable growth in quality tourism including publication good image, making Thai and foreign tourists confident, promotion domestic tourism in order to bring about the long-term national economic development. Since the number of foreign tourist and income from tourism has grown continuously resulted in obvious expansion of tourism market recently.
Tourism industry in Thailand has been growing because of increasing in Thailand tourism popularity, as well as continuous supports from the government sector. These lead to sudden tourism expansion. Recently, tourism sector is significant factor which affect on Thailand’s economic system, national income is mostly from tourism sector. While tourism is a part of national economic development, but it has negative effects on environment and society caused from unbalanced tourism management.
Nowadays, a lot of Thai and foreign tourists has been increasing as we can see from inappropriate tourism management of some tourist attractions, they mainly interest in income from tourist only. If the government sector, entrepreneur and tourists pay attention on developing tourism into sustainable tourism, both social and environmental problem will be decreased and disappeared.
Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10, 2016
In addition, To prepare for ASEAN Economics Community (AEC), it is necessary to be ready in tourism management so as to balance economic, society and environment to make them as sustainable tourism. Thus, this is the inspiration for this research in order to determine sustainable tourism development paths by studying from Lanna cultural tourism area, consisting of Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Pha Yao, Lampang and Lamphun, which has this study methods as following: (1) Study approaches for sustainable tourism of Lanna cultural tourism area in order to develop further into sustainable tourism as well as apply this with other tourism all over the nation, (2) Analyze and design indicator for sustainable tourism in order to assess the potential of a province in Lanna cultural tourism area and use the result lead to be sustainable tourism development.
This paper focus on issues analysis involving and influencing to stakeholder of tourism in each dimension of sustainable development which are economic, social, and environment in order to use as indicator of being sustainable tourism. This indicator can be apply with all part of tourism in Thailand
II. PROCEDURE
Fig. 1. Work flow of this paper.
After revision the literature involving the Sustainable tourism development, then analyze the stakeholder and arrange the
ways of sustainable development by interest level, which are economic, social, environment compared with the issue of
sustainable development in each dimension so as to design issue involving the stakeholder according to the sustainable
development.
III. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS
Step 1 – Identify the stakeholder of sustainable tourism development.
Identify the stakeholder of sustainable tourism development considering suitability and accordance along with sustainable
development. Stake holder has been categorized in to 2 types by how they are involved as following:
A. Direct stakeholder
Hotel Entrepreneur
Restaurant Entrepreneur
Car Rental Entrepreneur
Souvenir Shop
Local People
Tourists
B. Indirect stakeholder
Government Sector
Financial Institution
Step 2 – Analyze and assess stakeholders by interest level in each dimension of sustainable development.
Do the stakeholder analysis and assessment by interest level in each dimension of sustainable development as Table I.
Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10, 2016
TABLE I. CATEGORIZED STAKEHOLDERS BY INTEREST LEVEL IN EACH DIMENSION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
level 3 : High interest level
level 2 : Medium interest level
level 1 : Low interest level
A. Hotel Entrepreneur
Entrepreneurship generally expect profit, so the entrepreneur mostly pay attention to economic dimension along with environment dimension, since the environment is one of tourist attraction. If they have good environment and safety, they will also have good income and economics.
B. restaeratt Ettrerreteer
Entrepreneur also pay their most attention to economic dimension. The business can be continued if there was stability in income and profit. Therefore, entrepreneurs mostly emphasize on economic dimension and less in other dimension.
C. roeeetir Shor
As other entrepreneur, they also pay more attention to economic dimension affecting on goods and services development to make them more unique than others and result in a long-term business.
D. Car Rental Entrepreneur
Self drive in tourism is more convenient, moreover, it might lessen some expenses, so car rental is quite important. The entrepreneurs also pay more attention to economic dimension than other dimension as well. Car rental business has few effects on environment and social dimension , so economic dimension is the first priority.
E. toerist
Tourists have the most effect on tourism and they provided the main income. Services and entrepreneur mainly emphasize on tourists’ demand. Main factors for tourists to make a decision are attraction places, accommodation, other services including safety of life and property. Therefore, tourists mainly emphasize on environment and economic dimension.
F. local Peorle
These people mostly emphasize on environmental dimension, since they are close to environment or the attraction places. Moreover, they need to live daily with those environment, so they pay more attention to the environment. Beside, some group of these people also pay attention to economic dimension. If there was sustainable tourism development that will result in economic stability.
G. litatcial Itstitetiot
This affect directly to the investment of attraction places development included providing services to corporation such as loan approval for working capital, financial transaction for establishing and developing tourism. Therefore, financial institution mostly emphasizes on economic dimension.
H. toeerteett Sector
If government sector and private sector has cooperation in developing in each dimension, that will be better image for tourism. Be able to control factors that have effects on tourism more effectively and sustainably. There is a measure to control tourism to be friendly to the environment in order to maintain that tourist attraction and make local people to continuously gain the income. Therefore, government organization emphasizes on environmental dimension along with economic dimension.
Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, March 8-10, 2016
G. litatcial Itstitetiot
Economic Social Environment
a) Debt financing.Identify the
Headings
b) Earned income from taxes
payment.
c) Earned income from
tourist.
d) Flow of money in tourist
attraction area.
e) Income distribution of local
people.
a) Discussion of government
sector, private sector, and local
people.
-
H. toeerteett Sector
Economic Social Environment
a) Budget of tourist attraction
development.
b) Public relation of toursim.
c) Marketing of tourism
promotion.
a) Accomplishment of tourism
policy.
b) Government project
corruption.
c) Discussion of government
sector, private sector, and local
people.
d) Provide more opportunity
to private sector in tourism
investment.
e) Promotion for youth to
participate in tourism
management.
f) Promotion measure in
safety.
g) Tourist services channel.
a) Quantity of natural tourist
attraction.
Proportion of natural area and
industrial
b) Expansion of industrial
plant.
c) Waste disposal.
d) Flood protection.
e) Water treatment.
f) Maintaining civilization
tourist attraction.
g) Natural tourist attraction
conservation.
VI. CONCLUSION
Sustainable tourism development needs to analyze involved issues in each dimension which each issue has different
effects according to different stakeholders and different dimension of sustainable development. Therefore, we should specify
suitable issues involving and influencing to each stakeholder so as to use the issue to develop sustainable indicator of tourism
in that area, to measure reflected sustainability, to be approach to tourism development to be sustainable tourism result in
balance of economic, social, environment dimension to be ready for tourism growth.
REFERENCES
[1] John Elkington, 2002, “The Sustainability Advantage: Seven Business Case Benefits of a Triple Bottom Line, Foreword
[2] Government Gazette, 2015, " Board of County Tourism Development Tourism Development Lanna civilization announcement", Volume 132 Special Episode 231 D, 42.
[3] Office of the National Economic and Social Development : workshops with the private sector, " The development of the tourism sector", September 2015.
[4] Theera Khraiangkhrai, Vichien Tansirikongkhon, and Pisarn Mukdaratsami, Development of Sustainable Tourism of Tourist Attractions in the Sanook Group (Sakon Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom, Mukdahan and Kalasin), Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University Journal; RMU.J. 2 (3) : September - December 2008 : 0-0.