Designing for Government of Today

DESIGNING FOR GOVERNMENT OF TODAY

Hella Hernberg

Aalto University / Design for Government / 31.3.2015

LESSONS LEARNED FROM DESIGN EXCHANGE PROGRAMME

SOME EXAMPLES OF UDM PROJECTS:

K A L A S ATA M A T E M P O R A RY

R E V I TA L I S I N G A N O L D H A R B O R A R E AClient: City of Helsinki / Part design

D E S I G N F O R G OV E R N M E N T

E D U C AT I N G D E S I G N E R S F O R P U B L I C S E C TO R C H A L L E N G E SClient: Aalto University

VAC A N T S PAC E S

TO O L S F O R U T I L I S I N G U N U S E D S PAC E SClient: Ministry of the Environment

U R B A N D R E A M M A N AG E M E N T

T E M P O R A RY U S E O F U R B A N R E S I D UA L A R E A S Master’s Thesis / Aalto University

H E L S I N K I B E YO N D D R E A M S

B O O K A B O U T N E W U R B A N C U LT U R E I N H K ISelf-published

PA RT I C I PATO RY A N D U S E R -C E N T E R E D D E S I G N F O R T H E B U I LT E N V I R O N M E N T Various clients: e.g. cities + construction companies

T H E O F F I C I A L O P E N I N G O F T H E K A L A S ATA M A H A R B O R S H O R E R O U T E , 2 0 1 0.

P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G

THE CITY AS PLATFORM

Hernberg, H.(ed) (2012) Helsinki Beyond Dreams - Actions towards a Creative and Sustainable Hometown. Helsinki: Urban Dream Management

W E LOV E H E L S I N K I B I C YC L E DAY AT K A L A S ATA M A , J U LY 2 0 1 1 . P H OTO : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N

HOW CAN DESIGN SUPPORT NEW FORMS OF DOING AND MAKING

IN THE SOCIETY?

WHAT ARE THE ROLES OF “DESIGNER” AND “USER” IN THIS

PROCESS?

DESIGN OF: END PRODUCT

PLATFORMS AND

PROCESSES THAT

ENABLE POSITIVE

OUTCOMES

THE PUBLIC

SECTOR AS

ENABLER?

TOP

plan

implement

DOWN

F R O M ‘ TO P- D OW N ’ O R ‘ B OT TO M - U P ’ TOWA R D S A N I T E R AT I V E P R O C E S S . I N S P I R AT I O N : M A R CO S T E I N B E R G

StrategiesFrameworks

Projects Experiments

BROAD TARGETS

BROAD CONTEXT

PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

SPECIFIC CONTEXTF R O M ‘ TO P- D OW N ’ O R ‘ B OT TO M - U P ’ TOWA R D S A N I T E R AT I V E P R O C E S S . I N S P I R AT I O N : M A R CO S T E I N B E R G

WORKING AS AN EMBEDDED DESIGNER

AT THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT

VIA DESIGN EXCHANGE PROGRAMME (DEP)

11/2012 - 11/2013

HOW CAN DESIGN SERVE THE PUBLIC SECTOR?

MOST IMPORTANT DESIGN TOOLS AT THE DEP

PROGRAMME:

• HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN

• SYSTEMS THINKING: “ARCHITECTURE OF THE PROBLEM”

• VISUALIZATION AS A TOOL TO AID COMMUNICATION

AND DECISION-MAKING

Mentoring and being a

“different” team member:

changing the organisation

from the inside

Concrete

outcomes and

projects with / for

stakeholders

New thinking

within the

ministry

Openness towards

outside: participation

processes and user-

centered design of

policy tools

INSIDE

AIM

SW

OR

K P

RA

CTIC

ES

OUTSIDE

DEP PROGRAMME AT THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT: DIFFERENT POSITIONS OF THE DESIGNER

PROJECT AS A LEVER

TWO PROJECTS:

GREEN HOME (EKOKOTI)

• Role: mentor

• Position: Inside

• Existing project

VACANT SPACES (TYHJÄT TILAT)

• Role: Project leader

• Position: Inside – Outside

• New project

VACANT SPACES How to make better use of unused spaces?

VAC A N T O F F I C E S PAC E I N M E R I H A K A , H E L S I N K I

P H OTO : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N

http://www.ym.fi/fi-FI/Maankaytto_ja_rakentaminen/Ohjelmat_ja_strategiat/Tyhjat_tilat_hanke

VACANT SPACES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN RENOVATIONS

LEGAL INSTRUMENTSIN PRACTICE

CLIMATE FRIENDLY URBAN PLANNING

MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND LIFESPAN OF BUILDINGS CULTURAL

HERITAGE STRATEGY

SMART TECHNOLOGIES

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

ENHANCING CO-OPERATIVE BUILDING

VACANT SPACES / DEP : FINDING THE PROBLEM AREA FOR A NEW PROJECTWITHIN THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT

WHAT KINDS OF SPACES REMAIN VACANT?THREE EXAMPLES:

UNDERUSED OFFICE SPACES

O F F I C E B LO C K S I N K A L A S ATA M A 2 0 1 3 . P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G

OULU 8.5% / 50 500 m2

VAASA 7.7% /19 200 m2

KUOPIO 6.8% / 21 700 m2

JYVÄSKYLÄ 8.1% / 29 000 m2

TAMPERE 9.4% / 80 500 m2

LAHTI 7.8 % / 19 800 m2

TURKU 9.6% / 71 900 m2

ESPOO 20.2% / 321 400 m2

VANTAA 13.2% / 118 000 m2

HELSINKI 10.2% /627 700 m2

C AT E L L A P R O P E RT Y OY: VAC A N C Y R AT E O F O F F I C E S PAC E / A M O U N T O F E M P T Y O F F I C E S PAC E , Q 4 / 2 0 1 3

VACANCY RATES OF OFFFICES IN FINLAND:

VAC A N C Y R AT E O F O F F I C E S PAC E I N H E L S I N K I M E T R O P O L I TA N R E G I O N . S O U R C E : C AT E L L A P R O P E RT Y OY

20

%

15

10

5

95 00 05 10

ESPOO 20.2%321400 m2

VANTAA 13.2%118 000 m2

HELSINKI 10.2% 627 700m2

DEVELOPMENT OF OFFICE VACANCY RATE

CLOSED MILITARY AREAS

L A H T I , H E N N A L A M I L I TA RY A R E A 2 0 1 3 . P H OTO : H E L L A H E R N B E R G

KAUHAVA: 44 500 m2 / 129 ha

KONTIOLAHTI: 52 100 m2 / 158 ha

JÄMSÄ: 30 700 m2 / 77 ha

KEURUU: 54 200 m2 / 57 ha

LAHTI: 64 200 m2 / 75 ha

KIRKONMAA: 14 000 m2 / 31 ha

RANKKI: 7 100 m2 / 49 ha

M I L I TA RY A R E A S C LO S E D D OW N I N 2 0 1 3 -2 0 1 4 . L Ä H D E : S E N A AT T I - K I I N T E I S T Ö T

KUNTALIITOKSET

TO R N I O A D M I N I S T R AT I V E B LO C K S . P H OTO : W W W. S E N A AT T I M Y Y. F I

ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCKS IN SMALL

TOWNS

NUMBER OF MUNICIPALITIES2010: 3422017: ?

TWO NEW STARTING POINTS FOR A NEW LOGIC IN THE BUILT

ENVIRONMENT:

CHANGE

PHOTO: JOHANNES ROMPPANEN

SCARCE RESOURCES

THE FINNISH WAY OF

• BUILDING

• PLANNING

• GOVERNING

THE BUILT

ENVIRONMENT

IS BASED ON THE LOGIC OF NEW CONSTRUCTION.

THE FOCUS OF THE BUILDING INDUSTRY IS MOVING FROM BUILDING NEW TO RENOVATING THE EXISTING.

FINNISH BUILDING STOCK PER YEAR OF CONSTRUCTION VALUE OF NEW CONSTRUCTION (BLUE) AND RENOVATION (RED) IN HOUSING

H E I N O N E N J, S Ä Y N Ä J O K I A , J U N N I L A S ( 2 0 1 1 ) : A LO N G I T U D I N A L S T U DY O N T H E C A R B O N E M I S S I O N S O F A N E W R E S I D E N T I A L D E V E LO P M E N T. A A LTO U N I V E R S I T Y S C H O O L O F E N G I N E E R I N G

250 000 T

200 000 T

150 000 T

100 000 T

50 000 T

CO2

0 5 10 15 20 25 Y

new construction

existing building stock

“ENERGY EFFICIENCY” MAY LEAD TO MORE EMISSIONS IF WE DON’T LOOK AT THE BIG PICTURE.

WE NEED A NEW LOGIC FOR OPERATING IN A BUILT ENVIRONMENT THAT IS:

• ADAPTABLE TO CHANGES• LONG LASTING• RESOURCE EFFICIENT• CULTURALLY VALID

COLLABO-RATION ”BRIEF”

TO BE CONTI-NUED?

INTERVIEWS WITH STAKEHOLDERSSTATISTICSBIG PICTURE

ANALYSING CASES OF REPURPOSED BUILDINGS

WORKSHOPS WITH STAKEHOLDERSOPEN COMMUNI-CATIONMINISTRY WOR-KING GROUP

MINISTRY WORKING GROUP

PRACTICES, CONCEPTS

PUBLIC DIS-CUSSION

01-03/2013 04-05/2013 06-10/2013 10/2013

RESEARCH

EVALUATION OF LAND USE AND BUILDING ACT

VACANT SPACES PROJECT: WORKING PROCESS

CASESTUDIES

INTERPRETATION

S, C

UST

OM

S

INTERPRETATION

S, C

UST

OM

S

DURATION OF THE PROCESS?

BUILDING OWNER

USERS

INVES-TORS URBAN

PLANNING AUTHORITY

MUNICIPAL POLITICS

DESIG-NER

CONSTRUC-TOR

NEW PRACTI-

CES?

ROICALCULA-TION MO-

DELS

VALUES

BUILDING CONTROL

LEGISLA-TION

INTERPRETATIO

N

RESPONSIBILITIES

CUSTOMS

INDIVIDUAL BUILDING’S QUALITIESSUITABILITY FOR A NEW PURPOSESOVELTUVUUS UUTEEN KÄYTTÖÖNPRECONDITIONS FOR A NEW FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE ENERGY EFFICIENCY VS MATERIAL EFFICIENCYHEALTH AND SAFETYINTERPRETATION OF NORMSCOSTS AND RETURN

LOCATIONFUTURE PROSPECTSDESIRED FUNCTIONS OF THE AREAPRECONDITIONS FOR A NEW FUNTION IN THE AREALIVEABILITY, NOISE, ETC TRAFFIC, PARKINGFEES FOR CHANGING THE URBAN PLAN

INTE

RMED

IATE

U

SE?

NEEDS VS

REQUIREMENTS

PRIVATE VS COM-

MON INTEREST

FRA

ME-

WO

RK

USERS’ NEEDS AND IDEA

S?

USERS’ NEEDS VS STANDARD SOLUTIONS?

REPURPOSING OF A BUILDING: THE PROCESS AS A NETWORK OF STAKEHOLDERS

NEW SERVICES?

B I G P H OTO : T I L ATO N WO R K S H O P I N M I K K E L I . P H OTO : A RT S P R O M OT I O N C E N T R E F I N L A N D / M I K K E L I

S M A L L P H OTO S : VAC A N T S PAC E S WO R K S H O P S I N H E L S I N K I . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N

WORKING TOGETHER

SPACE USER

REAL ESTATE AGENT

OPEN DATA EXPERT

SOCIAL MEDIA EXPERT

MARKET ANALYST

CO-OP BUILDER

SOSIO-LOGIST

URBAN PLANNER

CONSTRUCTOR

INVESTOR

LAWYER

BUILDING OWNER

ARCHITECT / ENGINEER

”PIONEER” ENTREPRE-NEUR

BUILDING CONTROL

MUSEUM AUTHO-RITY

OTHER MI-NISTRIES

REAL ESTATE DEVELOPER

RESEARCH PHASE

VACANT SPACES:

THE INTERACTION PROCESS

WITH STAKEHOLDERS

UNDERSTANDING OF PROCESSES, BOTTLENECKS AND POSSIBILITIES

BRINGING DIFFERENT VIEWPOINTS TOGETHER

WORKING WITH AND ACTIVATING STAKEHOLDERSPERSPECTIVES TO LAW

EVALUATION

MINISTRY WORKING GROUP

OPEN COMMUNICATION“CROWDSOURCING”

BRUNCH DISCUSSION

FACEBOOK

OPEN WORKSHOP

MEETINGS WITH DIFFERENT MINISTRIES: TEM, VM, YM

OPEN IDEAS POLL

EXPERT WORKSHOP

BRIEF FOR NEXT PHASES

INTERVIEWS AND OBSERVATIONS WITH STAKEHOLDERS, CASE ANALYSES

www.facebook.com/tyhjattilat

A L L T H E VAC A N T S PAC E S W E R E H E L D I N E M P T Y O F F I C E S PAC E S . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N

NEW APPROACHES AND EXAMPLES:

( S O M E P I C K S F R O M T H E VAC A N T S PAC E S R E P O RT )

C A M E LOT VAC A N T P R O P E RT Y M A N AG E M E N T / “ L I V E - I N G UA R D I A N S ” L I V I N G I N U N U S E D O F F I C E S PAC E .

TEMPORARY AND FLEXIBLE USE OF SPACE

USING EXISTING SPACES MORE FLEXIBLY FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES/USERS AT DIFFERENT HOURS?

SPACE AS SERVICE

A I R B N B

W E A R E P O P U P

T H E S TO R E F R O N T

AGENTS OF TEMPORARY USE

C A M E LOT VAC A N T P R O P E RT Y M A N AG E M E N T

OPENING UP REAL ESTATE DATA?WHICH REAL ESTATE OWNER WOULD BE FIRST?

I M AG E F R O M S ATO K A RT TA . N E T

BUILDING CONVERSIONS

G O O G L E DATA C E N T E R AT T H E F O R M E R S U M M A PA P E R M I L L D E S I G N E D BY A LVA R A A LTO

P H OTO : G O O G L E / CO N N I E C H O U

CHALLENGE:

HOW TO EVALUATE

BUILDINGS BUILT DURING

OUR OWN LIFETIME?

O F F I C E B LO C K I N M E R I H A K A , H E L S I N K I . P H OTO S : J O H A N N E S R O M P PA N E N

CHALLENGES IN INTERPRETING LAWS AND

REGULATIONS

• REGULATIONS ARE BASED ON FLEXIBLE, CASE BY CASE

CONSIDERATION

• THIS REQUIRES SPECIAL EXPERTISE FROM DESIGNERS,

AUTHORITIES AND BUILDERS.

• IF THE REGULATIONS ARE NOT KNOWN WELL, SPOKEN

TRUTHS AND PRACTICES BECOME GUIDING “NORMS”.

P H OTO : S A R A I K Ä VA L KO, D E S I G N E XC H A N G E P R O G R A M M E / L A H T I

USER - LED PRACTICES

LO F T T I L A / A R K K I T E C T U R E A N D D E S I G N AG E N C Y TA L L I : P H OTO : S T E FA N B R E M E R

”If it is possible to build and sell a new ’raw space’ as in the loft principle, why wouldn’t this be possible when converting existing

buildings into housing?”- P I A I LO N E N , D E S I G N E R O F LO F T T I L A A PA RT M E N T S

LOFT TILA: THE RESIDENT BUILDS HER APARTMENT IN A “RAW SPACE”

MARGARIINITEHDAS (MARGARINE FACTORY) – A NEW JOINT BUILDING VENTURE PROJECT IN HELSINKIWWW.MARGARIINITEHDAS. COM

MARGARIINITEHDAS: JOINT BUILDING VENTURE IN A CONVERSION PROJECT

P O RT L A N D WO R K S : S H A R E H O L D E R S M E E T I N G AT T H E FAC TO RY. W W W. P O RT L A N DWO R K S .CO.U KP H OTO : K A R L M C AU L E Y

PORTLAND WORKS: A CROWDFUNDED RENOVATION PROJECT

W H AT C A N YO U D O? A P L A N O F AC T I O N F O R T H E R E A D E R / VAC A N T S PAC E S R E P O RT

1Tyhjät tilat | 2014Helsinki 2014 | Y M PÄ R i s TÖ M i n i s T e R i Ö

tyhjät tilatNäkökulmia ja keinoja olemassa olevan rakennuskannan uusiokäyttöön

Helsinki 2014 | YM PÄR i sTÖ M i n i sTe R i Ö

Hella Hernberg Urban Dream Management

T H E VAC A N T S PAC E S R E P O RT C A N B E D OW N LOA D E D H E R E

DESIGN ASPECTS IN DEP / THE MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT

INTERACTION PROCESSES

Deeper understanding of the context and the needs and views of stakeholders

How policy tools work in practice

Opening up unfinished processes to citizens and stakeholders, introducing new stakeholders

Taking light risks with small investments with quick, scaleable experiments

Supporting better decision making and communication

Instead of efficiency, redesign a better solution

Internal and external interaction processes and culturesBreaking typical patterns of behaviorBringing different views together and finding mutual understandingDesign of space and situation for fruitful collaboration

OPEN COMMUNICATION

EXPERIMENTS, ITERATION

VISUALISATION

NEW LOGIC

HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN METHODS, ETHNOGRAPHY

KIITOS! THANK YOU!

Hella Hernberg

Urban Dream Management

[email protected]

www.urbandreammanagement.com

www.hellahernberg.com

www.urbandreammanagement.com