Depression to Dictatorship Mr. Bach Hudson High School Accelerated World History.

Depression to Depression to DictatorshipDictatorship

Mr. BachHudson High School

Accelerated World History

Coalition GovernmentsCoalition Governments

Communists

Social Democrats

Catholic Centrists

Nationalists

Nazis

Other

The Weimar Republic of Germany in 1924

An Example of a Weak Post-War Democracy

Hyperinflation in the Hyperinflation in the Weimar RepublicWeimar Republic

Problem: How to Pay for WWI? Solution: Print Money!

Problem: How to Pay for Reparations? Solution: Print Money!

The DeutschMarkThe DeutschMark

The Dawes Plan and the The Dawes Plan and the Young PlanYoung Plan

Germany

France/England

United States

$2.5 billion in loans

$2.0 billion in reparations$2.6 billion in war

dept payments

The Kellogg-Briand The Kellogg-Briand PactPact

Pledge “to renounce war as an instrument of national policy.”

Problem: How will the League of Nations enforce this?

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

Foreclosures

Agricultural Overproduction

IndustrialOverproduction

Uneven Wealth Distribution

Stock Speculation

Collapse of the U.S. Economy

Great Depression

Global Economic CrisisGlobal Economic Crisis

Collapse of World Trade(dropped 65%) Tariff War

Withdrawal of American Investment

Global Depression

Rise of a DictatorshipRise of a DictatorshipDepression Starvation and Misery

A need for leadership and change

A need for someone to blame for everything (scapegoat)

A need to feel pride again

People support a charismatic leader

One person takes control

Totalitarian Dictatorship

Rise of FascismRise of Fascism

• Extreme Nationalism – loyalty to one’s country and one’s leader

• Individual rights cannot conflict with the state

• Only the strong survive! Militarily-oriented!

Italian Fascism – the Italian Fascism – the Black ShirtsBlack Shirts

Il Duce

Benito Mussolini

Japanese FascismJapanese Fascism

Emperor Hirohito

General Hideki Tojo

Spanish Fascism Spanish Fascism

Generalissimo

Francisco Franco

German Fascism – the German Fascism – the NazisNazis

Der Fuhrer

Adolf Hitler

German ShameGerman Shame

French occupation of the Ruhr

Crucified on the Young Plan

German Shame and German Shame and BlameBlame

Cover Caricatures from Der Sturmer (1928-1932)

Blaming Jews for the suffering of post-war Germany