Dehani Presentation

VIDARBHA IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT VIDARBHA IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, NAGPUR CORPORATION, NAGPUR

(UNDERTAKING OF MAHARASHTRA GOVT.)(UNDERTAKING OF MAHARASHTRA GOVT.)

Dehni Lift (Drip) Irrigation System

Bembla Project Division, Yavatmal.

Original Adm. Approval : Rs.19036 Lakhs (Dt.16.10.1992)First Revised Adm.Approval : Rs.62247.90 Lakhs (Dt.4.8.2004) {CSR 1999-2000}

inculdes Cost of Dehni L.I.Scheme (5332 Lakhs)RIVER : BEMBLABASIN : GODAVARIDISTRICT : YAVATMAL (MAHARASHTRA)CAPACITY : 322.506 MM3 (14.76 TMC)IRRIGATION : By Flow By Lift TotalGCA : 59152 7400 66552CCA : 53237 6968 60205ICA : 40170 6968 47138COMMAND AREA : Babhulgaon, Kalamb, Ralegaon, Maregaon, Ner

PRESENT STATUS OF BEMBLA RIVER PROJECT :-

A] EARTHEN DAM : 95% completed

B] MASONRY PORTION : 85% completed

C] CANAL SYSTEM : 30% completed

D] STIPULATED STORAGE : JUNE 2007.

Reservoir

Dam Line

-: Command :-Ner Tq. - 4237 Ha.Babhulgaon Tq. - 2731 Ha.Total - 6968 Ha.

Pump House Stage-II

Kumbharpind M.I.Tank

Ner M.I.Tank

Pump House Stage-I

DEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMEDEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMEFirst R.A.A. : Rs. 5332 lakhs (1999-2000)

: Rs. 2217 lakhs By BeneficiaryWater for scheme : 16.75 Mm3• Villages Benefitted (15 No.s)

Tal – Ner I.C.A. in Ha. Babhulgaon I.C.A. Ha.1) Chikhli Kanhoba 436.66 1) Dehani 378.222) Sarad 196.19 2) Pahur 453.773) Kuregaon 280.60 3) Galvi442.434) Tembhe 237.42 4) Dabha 1456.335) Mangrul 51.37 2730.756) Mangladevi 1659.247) Manekwada 464.78 Total Area = 6968.018) Dhanaj 370.209) Takli Salami 244.0410) Bramhanwada 175.1511) Panzar/Makrampur 121.61

4237.26

7549 Lakhs

DEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMEDEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEME

Water requirement = 21.09 MM3

Area for Drip Irrigation system, Ref : GR-GOM-ID-BKS-SY-18.03.1992a] Lift Irrigation by flow for 6% of C.C.A. = 3194 Ha.b] Lift Irrigation by Drip Irrigation for 14% of C.C.A. = 7453 Ha.

for Dehani Lift Irrigation Scheme = 6968 Ha.

DEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMEDEHANI LIFT IRRIGATION SCHEMEDesign Approach

1) Detailed topographical command area survey , Soil Survey & Geological Investigation.

2) Cropping pattern and water requirement.

3) Design of Lift Irrigation Scheme with Automation.

4) Design of Drip Irrigation System.

5) Adoptability of by farmers and market study.

1)Detailed topographical command area survey , Soil Survey & Geological Investigation

Command area survey and preparation of contour maps.Soil Parameters, 8 parameters,1] pH,2] Nitrogen,3] Potassium,4] Phosphorous5] Sodium,6] Organic Carbon Content,7] Calcium,8] Electrical conductivity etc. along with preparation of soil maps showing percentage of above values

Typical Soil Analysis Report & Parameters Analyzed

(Jain Laboratories, Jalgaon)

Summary of Soil Analysis Reports

Sr. No. Parameter Unit Value / Range

1 No. of Samples Nos 672

2 Soil pH pH 7.33 to 9.45

3 Electrical Conductivity mmhos / cm 0.091 to 0.825

4 Organic Carbon % 0.272 to 1.816

5 Total Nitrogen kg/ha. 199.20 to 433.93

6 Available Phosphorous kg/ha. 13.92 to 79.28

7 Available Potassium kg/ha. 44.45 to 653.00

8 Calcium ppm 23.18 – 151

9 Sodium ppm 65 – 887

Note : For high pH range soil crops adopted are Amla & Custard Apple. For low organic carbon range soil crops adopted are Soyabeen, Cotton & Jowar

DISTRIBUTION OF COMMAND AREADISTRIBUTION OF COMMAND AREA

Total command area is bifurcated in two stagesStage-1 Stage-2

Total Area 4121 + 2847 = 6968 Ha. Total No. of zones 34 + 23 = 57

Total No. of beneficiaries 1948 + 1376 = 3324

Each zone comprises of 100-150 Ha. Of area divided into 16 sections . Each section of 7-10 Ha. includes nearly 2-7 beneficiaries.

Selection of Cropping PatternSelection of Cropping Pattern

Criteria

Agro-Climatic Conditions

Soil Suitability

Water and Power Requirement

Marketability (Demand, Prices and Possible Returns)

Adoptability by Farmers (Crop Agronomy and Cultivation Cost)

Processing Opportunities and Post Harvest Value Addition

Adoptability by Farmers (Agronomy and Investment Capability)Adoptability by Farmers (Agronomy and Investment Capability)

Farmers with less awareness and understanding and technically very weak.

Farmers in the project area are financially weak having low income levels

Prevailing Cropping patterns and Cultivation Practices are considered.

Existing cropping pattern not changed drastically.

Fruit and Vegetable Crops are included to improve economic viability

Crops such as Grapes, Banana, Mango, Chikoo etc whose cultivation costs as

well as agronomic inputs are higher, are not considered

Overall Basis : Farmers’ participation in the project and also expose him to high

income crops and encourage him to learn new techniques slowly.

Eco-friendly / Environmental FactorsEco-friendly / Environmental Factors

Soyabean increases soil fertility.Amala is traditionally Ayurvedic medicinal plant.Most of the crops except Cotton require hardly any chemical sprays.Organic Farming is also possible.Fruit crops such as Amla, Custard Apple and Oranges not only ensure the economic returns but also help in increasing green cover and are eco friendly.

Processing Opportunities and Post Harvest Value AdditionOil mills and Solvent Extraction Plants are available in the district and surrounding areas.Cotton Ginning and Pressing Mills are also available in the vicinity. Local know how, raw material and market is available for Oil Seed Crops.Feasibility of farmers association establishing units for processing and value additionContract Farming by Corporation can be organized.

Water Requirement

•Crops needing low volumes of water such as Soyabean, Amla, Custard Apple are considered

•Calculation of Water Requirement based on Crop Evapotranspiration of Various Crops

•Irrigation of 6968 ha of area with 21.09 million m3 of water in a year

•Water Balance Calculations for 6 different cropping patterns were studied

% Ha % Ha % Ha % Ha % Ha % Ha1 Cotton Two Seasonal 28% 1951 23% 1603 26% 1812 31% 2160 22% 1533 31% 21602 Soyabean Kharif 16% 1115 16% 1115 18% 1254 17% 1185 19% 1324 17% 11853 Tur Two Seasonal 5% 348 4% 279 4% 279 0% 0 4% 279 0% 04 Maize Kharif 7% 488 4% 279 3% 209 5% 348 4% 279 3% 2095 Chillies Rabi 9% 627 4% 279 4% 279 4% 279 10% 697 9% 6276 Vegetables Rabi 8% 557 4% 279 4% 279 4% 279 7% 488 4% 2797 Sunflower Rabi 5% 348 14% 976 10% 697 9% 627 4% 279 4% 2798 Citrus Perennial 5% 348 4% 279 9% 627 9% 627 9% 627 9% 6279 Amla Perennial 14% 976 4% 279 3% 209 4% 279 4% 279 4% 279

10 Custard Apple Perennial 5% 348 9% 627 6% 418 4% 279 4% 279 4% 27911 Wheat Rabi 10% 697 12% 836 12% 836 13% 906 12% 836 13% 90612 Jawar kharif Kharif 32% 2230 23% 1603 31% 2160 30% 2090 34% 2369 32% 223013 Capital Cost,Rs Lac14 Recurring Expenses, Rs Lac15 Gross Income,Rs Lac16 Net Income,Rs Lac17 Net Income,Rs Per Ha18 Cropping Intensity,%

60362634

37804

23701336259152552

36626

60502848

40877

23701308458772793

40081

66172964

42250

23701301548161800

25836

Season

237013652

237013201

237013402

Pattern 5 Pattern 6Pattern 3 Pattern 4Crops/ItemSr No Pattern1 Pattern 2

136 136144 122 134 135

Profitability Under Different Cropping PatternsProfitability Under Different Cropping Patterns

To Field

To Field

Stage –I of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.Stage –I of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.

Stage I - 34 Zones – 4121 Ha

Stage-II of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.Stage-II of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.

Stage II - 23 Zones – 2847 Ha

Lay out within SectionLay out within Section

Lay out within FieldLay out within Field

Advantages of drip irrigation systemAdvantages of drip irrigation system

• Saving of Irrigation Water

• Crop Yield Enhancement

• Efficient Fertilizer and Chemical Application

• Improved Pest and Disease Control

• Discourages Weed Growth

• Improvement in Quality of Produce

• Saving in Energy for pumping.

• Reduced Labour Costs

• Suitable for Difficult Land Terrain

• Ideal for Marginal Lands and Inferior Quality Waters.

• Maintains Soil Health

A Typical Drip Irrigation System for Kharif (inter crop) & H.W.A Typical Drip Irrigation System for Kharif (inter crop) & H.W.

Drip Irrigation System, Mains, Sub-Mains & LateralsDrip Irrigation System, Mains, Sub-Mains & Laterals

Space for Rabi Wheat Space for H.W.Crops

Drip Irrigation Sailent FeaturesDrip Irrigation Sailent Features

System Type : Inline 16 mm

Lateral-Lateral Spacing : 1.52 m

Dripper Spacing : 60 cm

Dripper Discharge : 4 liters per hour

Peak Water Requirement : 4.3 mm/day

Application Rate : 12.15 lps/ha

: 4.39 mm/Hr

Peak Irrigation Hours : 1 hr/day

No of Sections in a zone : 16

Peak Hours of Operation : 16 hours/day

System Flow DetailsSystem Flow Details

Design Discharge for Drip Irrigation Systems = 12.15 lps/ha

Project Area, ha = 6968 ha

No of Sections of operation in a day = 16

Area per Section, ha = 435 ha/section

Flow per Section, lps = 435 ha/section x 12.15 lps/ha

= 5291 lps

Design Flow Considered for the project = 5640 lps

Design of Lift Irrigation SchemeDesign of Lift Irrigation Scheme(Vetted vide C.D.O. Nasik MD3 Dtd.3.3.2006 andC.E.W.R.D.Amt. Dt. 5.4.2006 for general lay out of scheme)

1. Approach Channel

2. Pump House Stage-I

3. Rising Main of Stage-I

4. Main Delivery Chamber-1

5. Pump House Stage-II

6. Main Delivery Chamber-2

7. Distribution Network

8. Zonal Sumps

9. Drip System Layout

10. Automation and Synchronization

Scheme consists of following component partsScheme consists of following component parts

Schematic Diagram of Dehni L.I.Scheme

Arrangement of Components for Lift Irrigation Scheme.Arrangement of Components for Lift Irrigation Scheme.

1. APPROACH CHANNEL Length – 1920 m, unlined

Bed Width –5.00 m,

bed slope 1: 1000

Side Slopes - 0.5:1 to 5:1

as per Strata

2. PUMP HOUSE STAGE I STAGE IIPumps 900 HP – 4 Nos = 3600 325 HP – 4 Nos = 1300

Pumps 300 Hp – 4 Nos = 1200 150 Hp – 4 Nos = 600

Total Hp = 4800 = 1900

Total design discharge – 5.64 cumecs 2.31 cumecs

3. RISING MAIN STAGE I STAGE IIM. S. Pipe Diameter – 1700 mm, 16 mm thick 1100 mm, 10 mm thick

one row & Q = 4.60 m3/sec one row & Q = 1.96 m3/sec M. S. Pipe Diameter – 900 mm, 10 mm thick 600 mm, 8 mm thick

one row & Q = 1.32 m3/sec one row & Q = 0.56 m3/sec Length of pipe - 2910 m 5300 m4. MAIN DELIVERY CHAMBER I IIOuter & Inner Diameter – 19.00 m & 15.00 m 17.00 m & 13.00 m Water Depth - 9.95 m 5.24 mDetention time - 5.00 min 5.00 min5. LENGTH OF GRAVITY MAINS FROM M.D.C.I&II TO 57 ZONAL SUMPS.

A} RCC Pipes - 28 Km. B} PVC Pipes - 20 Km.6. FROM ZONAL SUMP THE WATER IS BOOSTED BY 100Hp PUMPS IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK. 7. LENGTH OF PVC PIPES IN PART-II -590Km.

Arrangement of Components for Lift Irrigation Scheme.Arrangement of Components for Lift Irrigation Scheme.

Two Stages of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.Two Stages of Command area in Lift Irrigation Scheme.

Stage I - 34 Zones – 4121 Ha

Stage II - 23 Zones – 2847 Ha

Operation of Pumping MachineryOperation of Pumping Machinery

• Variation of monthly water requirement from 0.47 to 4.40 i.e. 10% to 100%.• Discharge from 2 Hr. to 16 Hr.s for scheme.• Combination of pumps for operation is as follows :

Months June July August Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April May300 HP x 4 2 2 3 3 - - 3 4 2 - 4 3900 HP x 4 - - - - 3 2 3 4 3 2 - -150 HP x 4 2 2 3 3 2 - 4 4 4 - 4 3325 HP x 4 - - - - 2 2 2 4 2 2 - -

No. of Pumps in operation

Stage-I Pumps

Stage-II Pumps

Optimization of Economic Diameter of Rising MainOptimization of Economic Diameter of Rising Main

• Various alternatives for different diameters were studied and costs worked out.

• Alternative having lowest capital and energy costs for 30 year is chosen.

Electrical Networking for SystemElectrical Networking for System• Separate electrical network is provided for Dehni Lift Irrigation Scheme with 33 Kv Sub-Station.

• Cost for electrification is Rs.2883.54 Lakhs.

• Power requirements is 9280 Kw.

• Annual consumption of electricity is 20083534 Units.

Distribution of Water from Main Delivery Chamber to Distribution of Water from Main Delivery Chamber to DisnetDisnet

• Distribution by Gravity from Main Delivery Chambers

• Sizes upto 500 to 1400 m are of RCC PIPES

• Sizes below 500 are of PVC PIPES Ring Joint Type

• Network verified for Positive Residual Pressures at all outlets into Zonal

Sumps

• Protective Equipment - Kinetic Air Valves and Pressure Relief Valves

• Outlet into each Zonal Sump is provided with a Motorized Valve

• Outlet into each Zonal Sump is provided with a Digital Flow Meter

Automation of the SystemAutomation of the System

Automation of the SystemAutomation of the System

1. Switching On and Switching Off of pumps based on demand2. Protecting Pumps from dry run through Level Sensors in Intakes & Sumps3. Monitoring and recording of Flow and Pressure on all rising mains thorough Actuated

Valves, Flow and Pressure Sensors4. Monitoring and recording of Flow out of Main Delivery Chambers (MDCs)5. Switching On and Switching Off of pumps based on Water Levels in MDCs6. Regulating flow of water into Surge Protection Tank based on Surge Pressures7. Monitoring Flow into as well as out of various Zonal Sumps8. Varying the Speed of Motors on Zonal Sumps with respect to drip flow9. Recording of Data from all the sensors and appliances10. Generation of Reports in various user friendly formats11. Display of sensor data both in text and graphical form

Automation of the SystemAutomation of the System

Automation - Equipment1. Motorized Valves with Actuators2. Ultrasonic Level Sensors3. Pressure Transducers4. Temperature Scanners5. Vibration Monitors6. Digital Flow Meters7. Radio Antennae and Masts8. PLCs9. SCADA Computer Stations10. SCADA Software11. Variable Frequency Drives12. Soft Starters13. UPS14. Miscellaneous Repeaters, Panels and Cables

EXECUTION OF SCHEMEEXECUTION OF SCHEME

PART-I• Approach channel,• Pump house I & II, • Rising main I & II,• Main Distribution Chamber I & II,• Gravity Mains upto 57 Sump Distribution Chamber, • 57 No.s of 100 HP pumps on distribution chambers including

mechanical, electrical, automation works, control rooms and laboratories.

• Approaches & communication for scheme.• Operation & maintenance for 3 yrs.• Training to the beneficiaries.

Above execution of scheme is to be completed in 15 months. Cost of Part-I works : 17842 Lakhs

MAP SHOWING PART-I WORKS MAP SHOWING PART-I WORKS

Stage I - 34 Zones – 4121 Ha

Stage II - 23 Zones – 2847 Ha

EXECUTION OF SCHEMEEXECUTION OF SCHEMEPART-II

• Distribution Network from 57 Sump Distribution Chambers to cultivator’s individual field with water meter.

• Feed back by farmers to Sump Control Room.• Formation of Water Users Societies for the zone are necessary for execution of Part-II works in the zone.• Formation of Federation is necessary for future operation &

maintenance of scheme.

• Cost of Part-II work : 4914 Lakhs

EXECUTION OF SCHEMEEXECUTION OF SCHEMEPART-III –To be borne by the beneficiaries individually• Installation of drip irrigation sets.• Placing the demand for water.• Payment of water charges as per the metered quantity of water used.• Cost of drip irrigation equipments : 4856 Lakhs

FINANCIAL ASPECT OF DEHNI L.I.SCHEMEFINANCIAL ASPECT OF DEHNI L.I.SCHEME

Cost of Lift Irrigation System : 23700 LakhsCost of Drip irrigation : 4856 Lakhs

Total cost of L.I.Scheme : 28556 LakhsCost per Ha. : Rs.3,26,966/-Cost of drip irrigation per Ha. : (485600000/6968)

= 69690/ Ha.After 75% Subsidy farmer’s contribution = Rs.17430/Ha.

B.C.Ratio of L.I.S. : 2.79

IMPORTANT ASPECTSIMPORTANT ASPECTS

• A users based scheme.• High Skilled manpower is required.• Formation of Water User’s Federation is essential.• Necessary Special package for drip of 6968 Ha. with 90% subsidy.• Special Horticulture Package for 1672 Ha.• Separate electric feeder is required.• Average electric charges per Ha./Year are Rs.6000(approx)• Only 27 Ha. land acquisition is required, costing Rs.27 lakhs

Soil Sampling TechniquesSoil Sampling Techniques

Map Reading for Identifying Area Pit Digging for Samples

Measurement of Soil Depth

Taking Representative Samples

Packing and Transportation

Soil Testing in Laboratory

Shelf life of produce

Crop Conditions Storage Life

Cereals & Oil Seeds 10-12% Moisture Content Upto 12 Months

Green Chillies 0ºC, 90-95%RH Upto 40 Days

Onion Bulbs Atmospheric Conditions More than 6 Months

Onion Bulbs 0ºC, 70-75% RH Upto 20-24 Weeks

Other Vegetables Atmospheric Conditions Upto 1 Week

Other Vegetables Cold Conditions Upto 1-20 Weeks

Citrus 5-6ºC, 85-90% RH Upto 4-8 Weeks

Amla Room Temperature Upto 10-15 Days

Custard Apple Room Temperature Upto 4 Days

Wax Upto 10 Days

Wrapping in Film Upto 8 Days

Cropping Pattern and Water RequirementCropping Pattern and Water Requirement

Gross % Net % Gross % Net % Gross % Net %Perennial 1.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 24.00 72.00Two Seasonal 55.15 55.15 24.00 48.00 33.00 66.00Kh. Seasonal (dry) 36.50 36.50 25.00 25.00 32.00 32.00Kh. Seasonal (irri.) 5.85 5.85 51.00 51.00 11.00 11.00Kh. Seasonal (irri. inter) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.00 12.00Rabi 2.50 2.50 42.00 42.00 32.00 32.00Total : 101.00 103.00 142.00 166.00 144.00 225.00

exsisting by rainfed Bembla Project by Canal Dehni L.I.S. by Drip *

* Approved By Director, Agri.Deptt.Pune Ltr.No.349/05, Dt.24.10.2005

Particulars Unit Code Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Total

Average Rainfall in mm ofRain guage station

mm Re 145.2 257.4 263.45 110.3 58.34 15.15 11.32 10.05 14.88 6.54 1.63 11.27 905.48

Dependable Rainfall mm Rd 81 225 134 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 534

ETO from Yavatmal IMD in First Fortnight

mm Eto I 133.1 77.28 56.48 65.06 75.19 61.99 64.63 71.09 77.65 102.9 114.15 143.5 1043

ETO from Yavatmal IMD in Second Fortnight

mm Eto II 105.9 63.72 65.52 68.94 74.81 65.01 66.57 76.91 88.35 116.1 124.85 143.5 1060.2

ETO from Yavatmal IMD in the month

mm Eto 239.00 141.00 122.00 134.00 150.00 127.00 131.20 148.00 166.00 218.99 239.00 287.00 2103.2

Crop Evapotranspiration determination Base Data for YavatmalCrop Evapotranspiration determination Base Data for Yavatmal

Particulars Unit Code June July August September October May Total

Length of crop season days 30 31 31 30 31 15 168

Crop Factor factor 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.9 1 0.4

Canopy Factor factor0.55 0.55 0.8 0.9 1 0.3

Crop Evapotranspiration-Cotton mm Etc98.59

58.16 73.20 108.54 150.0017.22

505.71

Net Water Requirement mmNWR 17.59 9.38 11.81 14.54 150.00 17.22

220.54

Gross Water Requirement-Drip mmGWR-D 19.54 10.42 13.12 16.16 166.67 19.13

245.04

Gross Water Requirement-Flood mm GWR-F29.31 15.64 19.68 24.23 250.00 28.70

367.56

Gross Water Requirement-Drip mm/dayGWR-D 0.65 0.34 0.42 0.54 5.38 1.28

Gross Water Requirement-Flood mm/day GWR-F0.98 0.50 0.63 0.81 8.06 1.91

12.90

Typical calculation of Water requirement for Crop : Cotton.Typical calculation of Water requirement for Crop : Cotton.

WATER REQUIREMENT FOR APPROVED CROPPING PATTERNWATER REQUIREMENT FOR APPROVED CROPPING PATTERN

Cropping Pattern 1 % Area Area,Ha Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Total

Cotton 28% 1951 0.38 0.20 0.26 0.32 3.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 4.78

Soybean( Main Crop ) 4% 279 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17

Soybean( Inter Crop) 12% 836 0.03 0.10 0.16 0.14 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.51

Tur 5% 348 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.15 0.52 0.31 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.24

Maize 7% 488 0.01 0.06 0.11 0.07 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39

Chillies 9% 627 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.18 0.45 0.93 0.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.48

Vegetables 8% 557 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.22 0.50 0.83 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.26

Sunflower 5% 348 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.14 0.31 0.52 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.41

Citrus 5% 348 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.33 0.00 0.00 1.42

Amla 14% 976 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.25 0.27 0.31 1.72

Custard Apple 5% 348 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.26 0.30 0.28 0.22 0.09 0.00 0.00 1.41

Wheat 10% 697 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.70 1.17 1.08 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.28

Total 112% 7804 0.43 0.43 0.64 0.73 5.10 2.31 3.09 3.86 2.86 0.67 0.27 0.68 21.07

Area Irrigated,Ha 3066 3066 3066 3066 6968 4250 3275 2927 3902 1672 976 2927

PWR,mm/month 14 14 21 24 73 54 94 132 73 40 28 23

PWR,mm/day 0.47 0.47 0.70 0.79 2.44 1.81 3.14 4.40 2.45 1.33 0.93 0.78

{ Approved By Director, Agri.Deptt.Pune Ltr.No.349/05, Dt.24.10.2005 }

Design of drip irrigation systemDesign of drip irrigation system

Water is applied directly to the root zone of the plants.

Water is applied at frequent intervals at precise quantities based on Crop Water Requirements.

Water is applied through a low-pressure pipe network comprising Mains, Submains, Laterals and Emitting Devices.