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BY: DEEP NAYARAN

M. Tech. (Expl. Geosciences)

Dept.of Geology& Geophysics,IIT KGP, Kharagpur

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The ability of geologic material to move ground wateris called hydraulic conductivity.

it is denoted by `K`.

It is measured in gallons per day per square foot(gpd/ft2) or infeet per day (ft/day).

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Where;Z= elevation head [m]y =pressure head p/g [m]h =total head [m]

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The proportionality constant in Darcys law, which depends on mediumand fluid properties ;Grain size

Density and viscosity of fluid

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Head loss = the potential loss within the sand cylinder

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Pore velocity or average interstitial velocity ,

Fluid dependent measure for the ability of a given soil totransport water intrinsic Permeability, k [m2]Fluid in-dependent measure for the ability of a given soilto transport water

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1m/day = .0012cm/sec

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Symmetric hydraulic conductivity : Kij = Kji (i j) Principal hydraulic conductivity : the coordinate system aligns along the

principal axes ofK such that Kij = 0 (i j) Isotropic hydraulic conductivity : the value ofK does not depend on

direction, i.e., Kij = 0 (i j), and Kii =K

xx xy xz

yx yy yz

zx zy zz

K K K

K K K

K K K

K

Hydraulic conductivity as a tensorTensor

zero-order : a scalar such as hydraulic head, a single-valued quantity

first-order : a vector such as velocity, having three components in generalsecond-order : a tensor such as hydraulic conductivity, having 9 components ingeneral

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Anisotropic reservoirs

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Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity of stratified beds

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Messurement of `K`of Geologic samples

Laboratory methods

of constant head

K = VL/(AtH)

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K=L^2/(ht)

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It is applied for shallow water table conditions.

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where:

h :hydraulic head ,

r :radial distance from the pumping well,

T :aquifer transmisivity

S: aquifer storativity (storage coefficient)

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where:h hydraulic head, rradial distance from the

pumping well, Taquifer transmisivity, Saquifer storativity(storage coefficient)

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h

0hydraulic head before pumping start

h - h0 = s is the drawdown

Q discharge of the well

t time since pumping has started

T transmisivity

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Hindon Sub-Basin (2955' - 306' NL, and 7735' - 7746'EL ) Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh (India)

Kolar Sub-Basin( 2240' to 2308' NL and 7701' to 7729'EL) Sehore district of Madhya Pradesh

Narsinghpur District ,Jabalpur division of MadhyaPradesh

Ghataprabha Command (1600'08" to 1688'09" NL and7426'43" to 7556'33" EL )

Lokapavani Command 1228' to 1232' NL and 7640' to7645' EL Pandavapura taluk of Mandya district inKarnataka

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Guelph Permeameter

ICW Permeameter

Jodhpur Permeameter in the laboratory

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Todd,D.K., Groundwater Hydrology second editionJohn wiley & sons.

Kumar, P.C. and Mittal,S. SOIL MOISTURERETENTION CHARACTERISTICS AND HYDRAULICCONDUCTIVITY FOR DIFFERENT AREAS IN INDIAIN SELECTED STATES National Institute ofHydrology ,Roorkee (Uttarakhand), India

www.goole.com

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THANK YOU!