DDT Konstract Inc. Silk Residences Project Quality Management

CE PRACTICUM 2: AGATON, AMATA, BALMACEDA, CORTEZ, LATINA

PROJECT QUALITY MANAGEMENT DDT KONSTRACT, INC: SILK RESIDENCES

PROJECT QUALITY

MANAGEMENT



Project Quality Management

The project quality management procedure is an assurance that the activities involved in

the construction project would comply with the terms of the approved drawings, necessary designs,

specifications and methodologies. Inspection and testing of materials and methodology shall be

performed in accordance with the Project Quality Control Plan which is a set standard under the

supervision of the Project Quality Control Engineer. On the other hand, the quality of work

supervision is under the Project Quality Assurance Engineer.

Process Flow Chart

A. Concrete

Start

Inspection

Batching

Receiving

Slump Test &

Temperature

Result NO

Y

NO

Add

Admixture



Concrete Pouring

Leveling

Sample for

Compressive

Strength Test

Return to Batching

Plant

B

Result YES

Y

NO

NO

Y

NO

Result NO

Y

NO

YES

Y

NO

Result

YES

Y

NO

Remove the

concrete poured section

Retest the

Reserve sample

Finishing

Curing

End

NO

Y

NO

YES

Y

NO

Result NO

Y

NO

Add

Admixture



B. Reinforcement Bars

Start

Material

Delivery

A

Material Testing

Installation

of Material

Fabrication

Result

Inspection

of Installed

Material

End

YES

NO

Y

NO

Return to Supplier



C. Formworks

Start

Survey

Layout

Rebar Work

Form Enclosure

Request

Inspection

Concrete

Works

Form Stripping

Request

End



Major Work in Construction

1. Concrete Activity

a. Inspection

This activity is done by check listing. Each reinforcement and formwork is

checked if it is ready for pouring of concrete. Otherwise, the problem should be

addressed, then it must be fixed to be able to pour the concrete and resume the

immediate activities.

b. Batching

This activity is done when the project site calls the attention of the

batching plant for the delivery of the concrete mix which would be used for

certain structural members which are ready for concrete pouring.

c. Receiving

When the concrete mixer arrives in the site, they should receive and notify

the Concrete Engineer. The condition of concrete should be first checked before

the pouring activity should happen.

d. Slump Test and Temperature Test

Before pouring of concrete, concrete slump test and temperature testing

should be conducted. Temperature test is done to know if the concrete is already

in its ideal pouring temperature; otherwise, premature concrete pouring would

cause problems. On the other hand, Slump Test is done to know and check the

workability of the concrete.



Figure1.1 Slump Test of Delivered Concrete

e. Sample for Compressive Strength

A four sample specimen of concrete cylinder should be attained to be able

to conduct a compressive strength test. The samples represent the 7-day, 14-day,

28-day and 56-day specimen which all are to be tested. If the first specimen fails,

the following specimen should be tested for compressive strength.

f. Concrete Pouring

If all the samples are obtained and passed all the necessary tests, (Slump

and Temperature Test, Compressive Strength Test) concrete should then be

poured on the members which are ready to be poured on. In the case of Silk



Residences, DDT Konstract Inc. used concrete bucket and concrete pump for

pouring

Figure 1.2 Concrete Pouring Using a Bucket



g. Levelling

Levelling is applicable for slabs in which the levelness of the slab is

checked for each poured section.

h. Finishing

Power trowel is used for finishing of concrete slab to have a smooth finish.

i. Curing

Curing process is done by spraying a chemical in the cured member of

the structure.

Forms needed in Concrete Activity

Figure 1.A Concrete Placement Monitoring



Figure 1.B Concrete Pouring Request Permit



Figure 1.C Material Delivery Inspection Request



Figure 1.D Testing Inspection Request



2. Reinforcement Bars

a. Material Delivery

Once the rebar is ordered, it is delivered in the site. Visual inspection

shall be done by the Project Quality Assessment Engineer. The primary

inspections is the diameter of the bar or of there are impurities, rusts on the

delivered rebar. The quantity of the delivered rebar is also checked if it matches

the quantity ordered. DDT Konstract, Inc. has an official form for this kind of

Request named as Material Delivery Inspection Request. The form includes the

description of the material, quantity, location of usage and remarks.

b. Material Testing

After the material is inspected, a four sample specimen for each delivered

order is obtained. The sample is 500 mm in length and they obtain three for each

batch of deliver. The four sample represent the 7-days, 14-days, 28-days, and 56-

days specimen that is to be tested. The sample is tested with accordance of

PNS49:2002. The test methods are ASTM A370-09 (Standard Test Methods and

Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products) and PNS823/ ASTM E415-

08 (Standard Test Method for Atomic Emission Vacuum Spectrometric Analysis

of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel). They also have form for testing entitled Testing

Request (Off-Site) in which they have the instruction to testing laboratory.

c. Fabrication

When the rebar passed the material testing and complied with the

standard, the rebar can then be used. It can be fabricated into what is used and in

accordance with the cutting list.



Figure 2.1 Fabrication of Ties

d. Installation of Rebar

After the fabrication procedure, installation of the fabricated rebar should

take place. The form used is Inspection & Work Request/Permit. In this form, it is

the nature of work is written and the signature for the approval for each engineer.

e. Inspection of Installed Rebar

In inspection of the installed reinforcement bars, the project Quality

Assessment and Quality Control Engineer should check the arrangement and the

number of reinforcement bar for each member. Checking of the spacing for each

ties is also done.



Figure 2.2 Inspection of Coupler and Rebar for Beams and Girders



Forms needed in Reinforcement Bar Activity

Figure 2.A Inspection & Work Request/Permit



Figure 2.B Inspection Checklist (Rebar)



Figure 2.C Material Delivery Inspection Request



Figure 2.D Request for Inspection



Figure 2.E Testing Inspection Request



3. Formworks Activity a. Survey Layout

The Survey Layout has the actual location for the member and it conforms

the elevation and level of the member. It has also a a form which has the actual

survey location.

Figure 3.1a Survey and Layout Request Form



b. Rebar Work

The rebar work is the inspected rebar installation that is passed the

inspection. It is also the process in the rebar for major work.

c. Form Enclosure Request

It is the request for the formwork to be installed on the certain structural member that is ready for concrete pouring.

d. Concrete Work

It is the time when the structural member is ready to be poured.

e. Form Stripping Request

It is the request when the poured concrete is passes on the certain hours

after poured depending on the structural member.



Forms needed in Formwork Activity

Figure 3.A Form Enclosure Form



Figure 3.B Form Stripping Request Permit



Figure 3.C Inspection Checklist (Manpower)



Figure 3.D Request for Inspection



Figure 3.E Survey Layout Request



Test for Rebars

Steel, just like concrete, plays also a very significant role in any structural element. Since this backs concrete up, steel that will be used in any

portion of a structure should have properties that are specified in the plan.

Failure to have standard steel will cause weaker reinforcements and will make

the structure fail under small external forces. Buildings that collapsed through

the years are mainly caused by sub-standard reinforcements. To prevent this,

the steel that will be used in any construction site is subjected to different test.

Unlike concrete however, the tests are done in different laboratories and

samples of each steel are only delivered to be examined. Tensile test is one of

the most popular tests done on steel.The deliver rebar is tested by the supplier

but the project is still get sample for the testing the tensile strength,

mechanical properties and the chemical composition of the rebar. Whenever

there is a delivered of rebar, they get a random sample. The rebar must passed

all the test before using it. It is usually in the warehouse. The sample is tested

in the testing company in which they will be given the result. When the rebars

passed the test, the batch of rebars that is tested is already can be used but if

the rebars failed, the batch of the rebars is returned to the supplier.

Figure 3.1 Steel samples that will be delivered to a testing center to determine

if its properties will match that of the standard.



Figure 3.2 Sample Result of the Rebar Test



Test for Concrete

Concrete pouring is one of the most crucial methods in construction.

Failure to successfully conduct this method will surely affect the schedule of

the project and will later extend its duration that will surely significantly affect

its cost. Likewise, the concrete used will dictate the strength of the building

as a whole. If substandard mix will be used, it will definitely be a big problem.

Preventive measures are therefore done before the concrete pouring is started.

There are two tests done in the field before the said method: Compressive

strength test and slump test. The former will tell them the strength of the

concrete mix delivered as its name implies. It will be the basis of whether or

not the concrete exhibits strength properties that are the same of that specified

on the plan. The latter, on the other hand, shows the workability of the

concrete. Different height of the slump is required for each particular purpose

of the concrete. When the concrete mix delivered in the project site, it gets a

sample for compressive strength of the concrete. It ensures that the delivered

mix is correct. First they put oil on the mold then get a part of concrete on the

mixture. After, the mold is fill 3 layers of equal volume and stomp it 25 times

each with a rounded end of the rod. We used a rubber mallet to vibrate the

side of the mold to avoid honeycombs to the concrete samples and also scrape

the excess concrete sample at the top of the mold. After 24 hours, the mold is

labeled and submerged on the curing tank. It is ideal to use potable water for

curing and it must be protected from direct sunlight and contamination of the

rain water. When its time to test, it is delivered on the testing company. The

result will be given to the company. If the specimen passed the test, the pour

concrete is good for use. But if the specimen failed, they used the back-up of

the 56 days specimen and test it. If the retest is failed, they will rectify the

whole section of the poured concrete.



Slump Test done on site before the actual pouring.

Figure 3.3 Sample Compressive Strength Result

Figure 3.4 Samples that are subjected to Compressive Strength Test



Figure 3.5 Slump Test Samples



Site Instruction

The site instruction is used by the Engineers whenever a work is not

properly done and a certain member. If the subcontractor does not follow or

fixed the inspected error in the work, the engineer will written this site

instruction and the worker or the foreman must comply on the commitment

date that is on the form. It is also in the form the observation of the quality

assurance Engineer and the specific location where he/ she sees this defect.

Also, it is on the form the proposed corrective action that is required on the

specific problem.

Figure 3.6 Sample form of Site Instruction

DDT Konstract Inc. Silk Residences Project Quality Management

Documents

concrete activity

concrete engineer

silk residences concrete

concrete slump test

concrete mixer

condition of concrete

construction project

project site