data modelling1

Data Modeling

March-2005 Data Modeling | 2.15.02

Objectives

• The participants will be able to :– Explain Data Modeling– Know uses of Data Modeling– Describe the Basic Components of a Data Model– Know Data Modeler/ABAP Dictionary Terminology– Know about Optionality and Cardinality– Use SAP Graphic Notation and SAP Text Notation– Explain Data Model Hierarchies and the SAP EDM– Link a data model to dictionary objects

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What is Data Modeling?

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Data Dictionary

Real World

DataDataDictionaryDictionary

Data Model

Uses of a Data Model

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Basic Components of a Data Model

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EntityEntityCustomer

AttributeAttribute

30 S. 17th St.

Entity TypeEntity Type

Order

Entity

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Customer

Order

Product

Attribute

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J. ElkinsJ. Elkins

Customer30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.30 S. 17th St.

215-555-8000215-555-8000215-555-8000215-555-8000

Entity Type

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Order

CustomerProduct

Data Modeler / ABAP Dictionary Terminology

Data Modeler ABAP Dictionary

Customer: entity recordCustomer address: attribute fieldCustomers: entity type table

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Relationships between Entities

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Customer

Order

Cardinality

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One - to - Many

Many - to - ManyOne - to - One

Many-to-Many Relationships

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Order

Order Lines

1 1 A26Order # Qty

Part #

1 3 C589

2 1 A26

Primary Key: Order Number

Primary Key: Product Number

Primary Keys: Order Number Product Number

Optionality

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?

Customer Order

?Customer

Referenced and Dependent Entity Types

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Dependent Entity Type

Referenced Entity Type

Customer ID Name Address . . .

Order ID Date of Order Customer ID . . .

Customer

Order

Referenced

Dependent

SAP Graphic Notation

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Example Using Graphic Notation

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Customers Orders

Practice Using Graphic Notation I

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Professors

Students

Practice Using Graphic Notation II

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Professors

Students

Practice Using Graphic Notation III

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StudentsEnrolmentRecords

Courses

SAP Graphic Notation with Text Notation

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1

C

N

CN

SAP Text Notation

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1

C

N

CN

1

C

N

CN

1

C

1

C

n n : : m mn n : : m m

Example Using Text Notation

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Customers Orders

1 CN:

Practice Using Text Notation I

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Students

Professors

:

Practice Using Text Notation II

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Students

Professors

:

Practice Using Text Notation III

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StudentsEnrolmentRecords

Courses

:

Category

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Referential

Hierarchical

Aggregating

?

Conditional-Referential

Specialisation

Relationship Category: Hierarchical

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Department

Key:Department Number

Course

Key:Department Number

Course Number

Relationship Category: Aggregating

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Student

Key:Student ID Number Enrollment Record

Key:Student ID Number

Course NumberCourse

Key:Course Number

Relationship Category: Referential

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Department

Key: Department Number

Professor

Key:Professor Number

Relationship Category: Conditional-Referential

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Department

Key: Department Number

Professor

Key:Professor Number

Relationship Category: Specialization

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Business Customer

Key:ID Number

Customer

Key:ID Number

Data Model Hierarchies and the SAP EDM

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GeneralAccounting

Chart ofAccounts Currency

FI

. . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

Linking a Data Model to ABAP Dictionary Objects

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DataDataDictionaryDictionary

Data Model

Summary•A data model is a graphical representation of the information that is to be stored and processed by a system.

•SAP comes with its own data model, called the Enterprise Data Model (EDM), that describes the data design of the SAP system.

•The basic components of a data model are Entities, Attributes & Entity types.

•The cardinality of a relationship describes the number of entities of one type that relate to entities of other types.

•The optionality of a relationship describes whether or not entities of one type must refer to entities of another type.

•Data models in SAP can be organised hierarchically.•The SAP Data Modeler is integrated with the ABAP Dictionary.

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Questions

•What is a data model ?•What is SAP's data model called ?•What are the basic components of a data model ?

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