Dairy cattle breeding in Europe: diversity of organizations and governance models - X.DAVID – UNCEIA May 5th, 2014
Dairy cattle breeding in Europe: diversity of organizations and governance models -
X.DAVID – UNCEIA May 5th, 2014
Dairy cattle breeding in Europe: diversity of organizations and governance models
- Plan -
• Context of dairy cattle breeding in Europe
• Diversity of the organizations
• Perspectives
Context
Distribution of dairy cattle in Europe
Number of dairy cows / km²
European Dairy cattle breeding faced many breakthroughs recently
• 2007: semen sexing • 2008: Genomic selection • New national breeding legislation
– 2007: France – 2013: Germany
• Since 2000: Restructurating of the coops – Fewer but bigger and transnational companies
European Dairy cattle breeding
• Mostly breeders’ owned companies: cooperatives
• Specialization: only one species: cattle
• Production dedicated to Home-market
• A long history of innovations :
– Milk recording
– Embryo transfer
– Genomics
European Dairy cattle industry: breed diversity
Key figures World
Europe (EU-27)
Number of dairy cows
> 253 mil.
> 23 mil.
Yield (kg/an) 2,394 6,466
60 % Friesian type cows
40 % non-Friesian type cows (Montbéliarde, Fleckvieh, Brown Swiss, …
29 separate breeding populations (including local breeds)
Alternative to the unique HO model
Different Breeding goals within holstein breed
• Total Merit Index in 4 countries for Holstein
Type Udder health Other
Diversified genetics
Diversity of Organizations
European Dairy cattle industry: still a diversity of national organizations
• EU legislation on zootechnics
• Strong impact of Member states
• Still some state fundings
Germany: Federal organisation
• Breeder’s Organizations: AI + breeding
• One breeder’s owned calculation center: vit
• Milk recording associations
Holstein
North & East
• Many local organizations
• AI companies, Breeding association, milk recording
• Still funded by Bavarian state
• One state calculation center
Fleckvieh
South
Key points: • Split into 2 different regions and
breeds: • North: a few big organizations • South: fragmented organizations
with state funding
Routinely, Genomic Evaluation is run by calculation centers
France: a central national organization
Key points: • Inspired by the Breeding Law 66 • Organized by mission regionally
and nationally • One single database and one
single calculation center • State funding through
mission
French Livestock Genetics for Ruminants One single database: all breeds / all species
Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by INRA and UNCEIA
UNCEIA
Breeding companies +
AI centers
Federation of Milkrecording associations
Regional Milk and beef
recording
associations
Federation of breeds
associations
One Breeders
association per breed
National Organization
for Registration
regional organizations
for registration
Viking: a transnational organization
Vikinggenetics
Breeding
Vikingdenmark
AI service
Swensk
AI service
Faba
AI service + Milkrecording
Key points • Strong common identity:
Nordic countries • One breeding goal for 3
countries • One common calculation
center for all breeds
Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by the calculation center NAV
Calculation center
NAV
Netherlands: 1single organization
Breeder’s
Association
Calculation Centre
Breeding company
+AI Service
Milk recording
System
Key points • Extremly centralised • One main dairy breed:
Holstein • No state subsidies
Routinely, Genomic evaluation is run by
Perspectives
After 50 years of breeding
• Key assets:
–High quality genetics available for all breeders
–Diversity of genetics
–Data Quality especially fitness traits
–Genetics still belong to breeders’ owned organizations
New sources of data
New challenges : New entrants in cattle genetics
New challenges: EU zootechnicallegislation discussed
CONSEIL DE
L'UNION EUROPÉENNE
Bruxelles, le 13 février 2014
(OR. en)
Dossier interinstitutionnel:
2014/0032 (COD)
6445/14
AGRI 99
VETER 16
AGRILEG 33
ANIMAUX 10
CODEC 419
NOTE DE TRANSMISSION
Origine: Pour le Secrétaire général de la Commission européenne,
Monsieur Jordi AYET PUIGARNAU, Directeur
Date de réception: 11 février 2014
Destinataire: Monsieur Uwe CORSEPIUS, Secrétaire général du Conseil de l'Union
européenne
N° doc. Cion: COM(2014) 5 final
Objet: Proposition de RÈGLEMENT DU PARLEMENT EUROPÉEN ET
DU CONSEIL relatif aux conditions zootechniques et généalogiques
applicables aux échanges et aux importations dans l'Union d'animaux
reproducteurs et de leurs produits germinaux
Conclusion
• World is changing…
• …Need of adaptation and innovation
• Go for collaborations from national to international levels