Daimler AG „The Road to Emission-free Driving.“

The Road to Emission-free Driving.

The Daimler initiative: Playing a key role in shaping emission-free mobility.

The world is changing at a rapid pace – and with it the overall conditions under which automobiles operate. Individual mobility and the transport of goods are basic human requirements, which must be upheld for future generations. We must therefore make road vehicles as sustainable and safe as possible. This guiding principle is our obligation, which entails conserving resources, preventing emissions, and ensuring the highest possible level of road safety. This includes consistently promoting the development of intelligent mobility concepts for urban regions. As the successors to Carl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler, the inventors of the car and the truck, we are passionate in pressing ahead with further innovations – as we have already demonstrated with more than 80,000 patent applications since Carl Benz first presented his Patent Motor Car in 1886.

The experts at Daimler are not expecting one single technology to play a dominant role in sustainable mobility, but are setting out to provide tailor-made solutions to suit all requirements. This applies to all four modes of road transportation: individual mobility in passenger cars; public and private short- and long-range transport in buses; goods transport by van and truck; and special vehicles for public services, municipal applications, and industry.

In our “Road to Emission-free Driving” initiative, we are concentrating on three key areas of development: • optimizing vehicles with state-of-the-art internal combustion

engines,• further increasing efficiency through made-to-measure

hybridization,• locally emission-free driving with vehicles powered by the

battery and the fuel cell. With well-founded research findings gained in the course of successful large-scale projects for testing alternative vehicle and drive concepts, we have laid the foundations for locally emission-free driving.

High-tech internal combustion engines Hybridization made to measure Locally emission-free driving

with the battery and the fuel cell

“The Road Map to Sustainable Mobility”

As the inventor of the car and the truck, Daimler assumes responsibility for their future. Our Road to Emission-free Driving stands for our commitment to securing sustainable mobility. Our aim is to markedly reduce fuel consumption and emissions already today and to eliminate them entirely in the long term. To this end, we are developing a broad spectrum of state-of-the-art drive technolo-gies that meet the specific requirements placed on today’s and tomorrow’s mobility in all modes of road transportation.

The Road to Emission-free Driving I 04-05

Society and mobility. We are shaping the future. Mobility is the engine of growth and prosperity for every modern society.

There are currently more than 900 million vehicles on the world’s roads. Experts predict that this figure will more than double within less than 30 years. Motor vehicles – both passenger cars and commercial vehicles – play a crucial rolein this worldwide development.

The automobile is at the crossroads of various interests in which increasingly high, diversified, and mutually influencing requirements are placed on its technology. Customers demand safe, comfortable, high-performance vehicles which at the same time are to be more and more economical and environment-friendly. These increasing demands and the dynamically growing global need for mobility stand in stark contrast to dwindling oil reserves, rising energy costs, and increasingly stringent regulations that are by no means uniform on an international scale. The task at hand is therefore to make the automobile fit for the future – after all, no other transport medium offers so much individual freedom. At the same time, motor vehicles – trucks, buses, vans, and passenger cars – are one of the world’s most powerful engines of growth and prosperity.

These days, 80 percent of all goods in the industrialized nations of Europe are transported by truck. According to logistics experts,

the global transport volume will have doubled by the year 2030, as compared to the figure for 2000. Each year, some 60 million people move from rural areas to the cities, where they want tobe mobile. More than 50 million jobs throughout the world are dependent on the automotive industry. If cars and commercial vehicles are to continue to play a significant role in the economy and society, they must become more efficient and cleaner. We are convinced that the key to sustainable mobility lies in innovation.We are living out this principle with a multi-track, intelligent blend of drive systems that caters to all of today’s and tomorrow’s mobility requirements.

Rural transport Urban transportLong-distance transport

Vehicles with internal combustion engines

Hybrid vehicles

Plug-in vehicles | Vehicles with range extender

Electric vehicles with battery

An intelligent blend of drive concepts for all mobility scenariosThe key to environmentally compatible mobility that also caters to specific individual requirements is an intelligent blend of innovative internal combustion engines, hybrid drives, and emission-free electric vehicles powered by the battery or the fuel cell.

Whether it be cars, buses, vans, or heavy-duty trucks: Daimler offers premium solutions for all mobility requirements.

Electric vehicles with fuel cell

Diverse technical improvements have brought about a significant reduction in noxious emission levels, despite the increase in transport volumes.

A turnaround has also been achieved in CO2 emissions. (Source: TREMOD)

Transportation volumes and emissions in German road traffic

CO2

NOx

HCCO

1970 1980 2000 1990 2020 2010 2030

Introduction of three-way catalytic converter

1960

Transport volumes

PM100 %

300 %

500 %

700 %

planned drive variants (target)

implemented drive variants (current)

“No other premium carmaker is in a better overall position than we are to fulfill the entire spectrum of expectations placed on sustainable mobility.”

The future of the automobile is electric. This provocative statement at times leads to false conclusions: It is not the electric car alone, whether powered by the fuel cell or the battery, that represents the technology for a mobile future. Rather, the key to the mobility of the future lies in electrifi-cation of the drivetrain. And this begins not with the drive unit itself, but already in the auxiliary units of the engine – for example, electrically regulated power steering units, or water pumps that only cut in when actually required. The battery is the key component for all electrification mea-sures – and at the same time presents the greatest technical challenge. Its efficiency and economy determine the success or failure of opportunities for the future of mobility. How do the carmakers intend to get to grips with CO2? What drive technology is the most suitable for reducing fuel consump-tion? And how can this all be reconciled with the desire for safety, comfort, and driving pleasure? Convincing answers to all these questions are given by Dr. Thomas Weber, member of the Board of Management of Daimler AG with responsibility for Group Research and Mercedes-Benz Cars Development.

Daimler has been a moving force behind the overall develop-ment of road transportation for 125 years – from individual mobility in passenger cars to goods transport in commercial vehicles. Where is it all heading, Dr. Weber?Our objective is to secure sustainable mobility on a long-term basis – as anchored in our “road map.” We intend to be leaders in green technologies while, on the other hand, not neglecting typical Mercedes-Benz virtues such as safety, comfort, or superior driving pleasure. We make high investments to this end. However, Daimler and Mercedes-Benz do not only stand for topics of the future such as electric automobiles powered by the fuel cell or the battery. Our current models already today incorporate effective technologies for even more efficiency, environmental compatibility, and safety. In the first stage, we are setting out to achieve this with our BlueEFFICIENCY measures for passenger cars with state-of-the-art internal combustion engines. These include downsizing, high-pressure supercharging, direct injection, and strategic optimization measures on the vehicle itself, for example in mattersof aerodynamics, lightweight design, and energy management. Great potential for further enhanced efficiency is also offered by made-to-measure hybridization in a number of stages.

How long will diesel- and gasoline-powered vehicles remain what they have been for many decades – the mainstay of mobility in road transport? State-of-the-art internal combustion engines, both with and without hybridization, are an indispensable option for the future. They are needed, first of all, simply because electric drive units will not initially be able to be produced in required quantities andat viable costs in the high-volume segment – and because the necessary infrastructure is still lacking. Over the next fewdecades, the quality of internal combustion engines will therefore continue to determine how much fuel is in fact saved and what levels of emission can thereby be prevented. One thing is certain: Despite all progress, the electric automobile will not be able to replace vehicles powered by internal combustion engines in the short term, but will gradually extend the range of drive systemsfor the future. Modern diesel and gasoline models will remain the mainstay of the automotive world for a long time to come – in individual transport with passenger cars, especially on long journeys, and above all in goods transport by truck. As a resultthe engineers from Daimler and Mercedes-Benz have devised a broad-based approach in which the internal combustion engineis by no means obsolete but continues to play an important role.

Does that mean that even the electric vehicle is just one of several options?In public discussion, the impression has arisen that the era of the electric automobile will be starting tomorrow. In fact, however, while electric vehicles – whether they are powered by fuel cells or batteries or incorporate a range extender – offer enormous potential in terms of environmental compatibility, they are yet to reach large-scale production maturity. Along with a number of technological challenges such as sufficient production capacity for powerful and safe batteries, a comprehensive charging infrastruc-ture still remains to be established, as does a hydrogen filling station network. Locally emission-free, quiet, and highly efficient driving is of particular interest above all in densely populated cities where restricted access and environmental zones are now the rule rather than the exception. The second generation of the smart fortwo electric drive, of which a small series went into production in mid-November 2009, is exemplary for an urban automobile.On one single battery charge it attains a range of up to 135 kilometers, which is well suited to city application and is adequate for more than three-fourths of all drivers.


The future of mobility.Our solution: an intelligent blend of drive concepts. The age of electromobility will not be ushered in at the press of a button.

An interview with Dr. Thomas Weber, member of the Board of Management of Daimler AG with responsibility for Group Research & Mercedes-Benz Cars Development.

So the energy storage medium will become the key technology?That’s right. A crucial requirement for any electric drive system isa powerful, safe, and reliable energy storage unit. The performance of the entire electrical system depends on the battery, starting with its charging capacity. For this reason, Daimler is concentrat-ing above all on developing a powerful traction battery. It must have a long service life and a high level of crash safety as well as being suitable for recycling. All these requirements are fulfilled by the new lithium-ion battery, which has already demonstrated its suitability in hybrid applications. Its advantages lie above all in its compact dimensions in combination with a considerably higher performance as compared with the nickel-metal hydride batteries used to date.And thanks to its innovative cooling system and temperature management, it has proved highly reliable independently of climatic conditions and has excellent cold-starting ability. We are also investigating further future-oriented battery concepts. Our goal is to further increase energy density and to reduce weight – even though in our view, some of these concepts are still far from reaching series maturity.

What does this all mean for Daimler’s strategy?The outcome is an intelligent blend of drive concepts. In view of the various vehicle categories, application profiles, andindividual customers’ wishes, we are employing a number of different concepts with made-to-measure drivetrain solutions to suit all customers. Long-distance transport will continue to be dominated by state-of-the-art internal combustion engines

with or without hybrid module, supplemented by fuel cell vehicles. In rural driving, this scenario can be additionally supported by plug-in hybrids and fuel cell automobiles. In urban traffic –especially in the increasing number of mega-cities throughout the world – the streetscape will be dominated by locally emission-free vehicle concepts with battery and fuel cell drive.

With these prospects in mind, is it still conceivable that a large Mercedes-Benz sedan would consume less than four liters per 100 kilometers?Our Mercedes-Benz S 500 Plug-in HYBRID technology-bearer, presented at the 2007 IAA, is the world’s first luxury-segment model in the three-liter category. This was achieved by means of state-of-the-art hybrid drive technology and strategic optimiza tion measures in matters of aerodynamics, lightweight design, and energy management. Our F 800 Style research vehicle is giving usa glimpse into the future of the large sedan with the star: With its efficient plug-in hybrid drive and a CO2 bonus for battery-electric operation, it achieves a certified fuel consumption of just 2.9 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers. This yields an extremely low CO2 emission level of only 68 grams per kilometer. Whichever drive technologies are used, comfortable, superior, and safe premium automobiles such as the Mercedes-Benz E-Class and S-Class still number among our core competencies. And this will remain so in future.

Our strategy sets out to markedly reduce the fuel consumption and emissions of our vehicles already today and to eliminate them entirely in the long term.

For more than a century, automobiles ran almost exclusively on fuels derived from mineral oil. And for good reason: Short refueling times, high operating ranges, a comprehensive infrastructure, and favorable prices made the internal combustion engine the driving force of mobility. However, there are now signs of a turnaround.

Highly diverse drive technologies in coexistence.Major advances have been made in the electrification of the drivetrain, and small series of vehicles powered by the battery and the fuel cell have already undergone practical trials with customers. The battery as an energy storage medium has likewise reached a new level of performance with state-of-the-art lithium-ion technology. With its “Road to Emission-free Driving” initiative, Daimler offers a product blend that is unique in the industry, with highly diverse drive concepts to meet all mobility requirements in urban, rural, and long-distance transport. It is also clear that a wide variety of different drive technologies will continue to exist side by side for quite some time to come. As the inventor of the automobile and the world’s largest commercial vehicle producer, Daimler is therefore intensively pursuing further

developments to secure sustainable mobility: with individual mobility by car, public transport with buses, and goods transport with light commercial vehicles and heavy-duty trucks. Mobility needs variety.

Customer benefits and environmental compatibility in focus.This interdisciplinary grouping together and synergetic networking of numerous activities for emission-free driving in all modes of road transportation is unique throughout the world. Daimler’s approach involves vehicle concepts with modular drive technologies that consistently take into account both customer benefits and environmental compatibility. The three key points of emphasis in development are: • optimization of vehicles with state-of-the-art internal combustion

engines,• further increases in efficiency through made-to-measure

hybridization, and • locally emission-free driving with vehicles powered by the

fuel cell and the battery. In this process, the company benefits from a broad basis of knowledge gained over many years of its own research activities.

Mobility needs variety. Daimler is oriented towards the diverse requirements for mobility. Our solution for the future of mobility comprises a hitherto unique blend of products.


The Road to Emission-Free Mobility

Mercedes-Benz Cars

Mercedes-Benz

Mercedes-Benz Vans Daimler Trucks, Daimler Buses

Efficient internal combustion engines

Hybridization made to measure

Emission-free electric drive

Alternative fuels

BlueEFFICIENCy

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

BlueEFFICIENCy Shaping Future Transportation CleanDrive Technologies

Intelligent Drive

smart

Documentation of diversity: Drive technologies in cross-sector application.

The future of mobility.

A-BThe Road to Emission-free Driving I 10-11

High-tech internalcombustion engines. The most important parameter for reducing fuel consumption and emissions is the innovative, energy-efficient internal combustion engine.

The quality of our internal combustion engines determines how much fuel will be saved over the next 20 years and what quantities of emissions can thereby be prevented. Combustion engines both with and without the hybrid option will continue to constitute the mainstay of our mobility for many years to come. For all the major advances that attract widespread publicity, the electric car will not be able to replace vehicles powered by the internal combustion engine in the near future. Modern diesel- and gasoline-powered vehicles will remain the driving force of mobility for a long time – in individual transport with passenger cars, especially on long journeys, and above all in goods transport by truck.

Perhaps the best documentation of this performance is the fact that the 40-tonne Mercedes-Benz Actros BlueTec combination broke the world fuel efficiency record in May 2008, with just 19.44 liters of diesel fuel per 100 kilometers. With a payload of 25 tonnes and an average speed of 80 kilometers per hour, this series-produced truck consumed only 0.8 liters per 100 tonne-kilo-meters on the test course in Nardo, corresponding to a CO2 emission level of 20.5 grams per tonne of payload per kilometer (g / tkm).

Cylinder cross-section – clean, efficient internal combustion engines will

be the mainstay of mobility for some time to come.

The BLUETEC fleet of Daimler Trucks: Light delivery vehicles, agile vans, multi-functional special vehicles (Unimog, Econic), heavy-duty trucks, and

comfortable buses.

Mercedes-Benz E-Class Coupé

BlueEFFICIENCy

The Mercedes-Benz E-Class Coupé

creates a special link between emotion

and efficiency. The most aerodynamic

coupé variant also sets a new record in

terms of air resistance: With a Cd figure

of just 0.24, this model has been the

world’s most aerodynamically refined

series-produced automobile since 2009.

The first of three focal points on Daimler’s “road map” is the optimization of vehicles with internal combustion engine. Constant improvements and new developments are making gasoline and diesel engines not only more powerful, but above all more efficient and cleaner: According to a recent ACEA study, 100 modern vehicles produce less emissions on average than one single automobile from the 1970s. The diesel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles has been reducedby more than one-third.

With BLUETEC, Daimler has been offering clean diesel technol-ogy in commercial vehicles since 2005 and – in an adapted version – also for passenger cars since 2006. As well as reducing pollutant emissions, BLUETEC also cuts fuel consumption by two to five percent; this means up to 2,000 liters less diesel consumption per vehicle and year. This technology also constitutes the basis for compliance with the next stage of Euro 6 emissions legislation; and it is the key to our trucks’ and buses’ compliance with the stringent EPA 10 limits of the NAFTA states and JP 09 in Japan.

In passenger cars too, Daimler is the pioneer of efficiency. The most economical model of the new-generation Mercedes-Benz C-Class is now even more fuel-efficient: The C 220 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY with manual six-speed transmission and standard ECO start / stop function consumes an average of only 4.4 liters of diesel fuel per 100 kilometers – 0.4 liters less than in the past. This is

equivalent to 117 grams of CO2 per kilometer. The world’s most fuel-efficient luxury sedan with internal combustion engine, the Mercedes-Benz S 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, offers the highest level of driving comfort and safety, but consumes just 5.7 liters per 100 kilometers.

Gasoline models that are just as economical as diesels – this is made possible by the new generation of BlueDIRECT six- and eight-cylinder engines, which since 2010 have been successively introduced in numerous Mercedes-Benz model series. The power and torque of these engines have been increased over the pre-decessor versions, while consumption has been reduced by upto one-fourth. In terms of fuel economy, the state-of-the-art BlueDIRECT gasoline direct injection engines from Mercedes-Benz have come another step closer to matching the diesel power units.

The targeted BlueEFFICIENCY measures enhance fuel economy –especially with the ECO start / stop function, which is already standard in many vehicles and which Mercedes-Benz will offer in more than 50 models across its entire product range as of mid-2011. In the commercial vehicle sector, too, Daimler is shaping the future of mobility with its highly efficient, clean drive systems: With its “CleanDrive Technologies” for non-pollutant drive systems and alternative fuels, Daimler’s Commercial Vehicle division is shaping the future of mobility.

Already today, more than 500,000 vehicles from all the corporate truck, bus, and van brands are on the move throughout the world with “CleanDrive Technologies.” They illustrate various approaches to the ambitious aim of the zero-emission commercial vehicle. Along with the clean, efficient BLUETEC technology for diesel engines, low-emission and quiet natural gas drive systems are a further option especially in city traffic. Alternative fuels also have the potential to cut emissions and to reduce our dependence on fossil energy sources.

The BlueEFFICIENCy package in all passenger car series. Daimler is grouping together measures for fuel consumption reduction in gasoline and diesel car models in so-called BlueEFFICIENCY packages, which will be available for 128 Mercedes-Benz passenger car models by the end of 2011. Depending on individual model series, the tailor-made packages comprise various measures within the engine and a combination of numerous technologies for reducing a vehicle’s weight. The BlueEFFICIENCY package also includes low rolling-resistance tires, optimized aerodynamics, and the ECO start-stop function as a preliminary to hybridization.

Mercedes-Benz passenger cars 1990 – 2011: Exemplary reductions in fuel consumption (NEDC figure) in the C-, E-, and S-Class.

Development of fuel consumption reduction: Mercedes-Benz C-, E-, and S-Class 1990 – 2011

1990 2011

l / 100 km

Gasoline Diesel

C-ClassC-Class E-ClassE-Class S-ClassS-Class

5

10

190 E 1.8

C 180 Komp. BlueEF.

190 D 2.5

C 220 CDI BlueEF.

300 D

E 250 CDI BlueEF.

300 SD

S 250 CDI BlueEF.

300 E-24

E 250 CGI BlueEF.

420 SE

S 350 BlueEF.

8.0

-45 %

4.4 8.4

-42 %

4.912.8 6.6

-48 %

13.6 7.6

-44 %

11.0 5.7

-48 %

10.2 6.4

-37 %

High-tech internal combustion engines. Constant optimization: Internal combustion engines are the mainstay of mobility.


BLUETEC technology

A modular concept, BLUETEC reduces the various raw emissions

within the engine and subsequently purifies the exhaust gas. All

emission components are considerably reduced step by step, for

example with the oxidation catalytic converter and the particulate

trap. A further important aim is to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.

This is the only exhaust component that is still inherently higher in

diesel engines than in gasoline engines. For this purpose, AdBlue, a

harmless aqueous carbamide solution, is injected into the exhaust

stream. Ammonia is thereby formed, which reduces up to 80 percent

of the nitrogen oxides to harmless nitrogen and water in the down-

stream SCR catalytic converter. More than 382,000 trucks and buses

from Daimler equipped with BLUETEC are now proving their worth in

the harsh conditions of everyday operation. A truck with BLUETEC, for

example, emits about 60 percent less nitrogen oxides and 80 percent

less soot particles.


BlueEFFICIENCy is the trademark for highly economical, environmentally compatible Mercedes-Benz passenger cars. The fleet will have grown to a

total of 128 models by the end of 2011.

Optimized diesel engines.In Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, the fourth generation of common-rail direct injection (CDI) adapts fuel injection even more precisely to various conditions of load and engine speed. The higher injection pressure increases the engine’s output and, thanks to its superior combustion, reduces raw emissions. The piezo injectors also match the fuel injection to the momentary driving situation. This means lower levels of emission, fuel consumption, and noise. The four-cylinder CDI engine in the Mercedes E-Class develops 150 kW (204 hp) while only consuming 5.3 liters per 100 kilometers. As compared to the predecessor model, this means a 20 percent higher output and 24 percent lower CO2 emissions. The V6 turbodiesel unit, used for example in the Mercedes-Benz C 350 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY, in combination with the 7G-TRONIC PLUS automatic transmission and the ECO start / stop function offers superior output and torque: 195 kW (265 hp) and 620 Nm – with a combined consumption figure of 5.9 liters per 100 kilometers. The new CDI technology is also used in Daimler’s smallest vehicle: The current smart fortwo cdi has a combined fuel consumption figure of just 3.3 liters per100 kilometers, corresponding to CO2

emissions of only 86 grams per kilometer. This agile city car thus defends its world-leading position as the CO2 champion among vehicles with internal combustion engine.

New Engine Generation stands for the latest interdisciplinary engine development from Daimler Trucks. The Fuso “6R10” engine complies with JP 09, currently the world’s most stringent emissions standard. This powerful engine is being used for the first time in Japan in the Fuso Super Great. All engines of the New Engine Generation (except the EPA 07) include BlueTec emission technology for a significant reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and CO2 – and are the same time highly economical. The 6R10 for the Fuso Super Great, with a displacement of 12.8 liters and power outputs currently ranging from 257 kW (350 hp) to 338 kW (460 hp), is ideally suited to the customer requirements of the Japanese mar-ket. In future, the New Engine Generation will also power Mercedes-Benz trucks. This already opens the door to maximum-efficiency combustion engines of the next generation, which in conjunction with BlueTec emission technology, exhaust gas recirculation, and a closed-loop diesel particulate filter will meet the Euro 6 standard.

Optimized gasoline engines.Performance and agility matched with high fuel economy – this was the objective in the ongoing development of CGI (stratified charged gasoline injection) engines for Mercedes-Benz passenger cars. The CGI process enhances combustion efficiency. The precisely metered quantity of gasoline required in a given driving situation is injected into the cylinders. In May 2010, Mercedes-Benz reached a new milestone in efficiency: Thanks to further innovations such as third-generation direct injection, a fully variable valve train,new combustion processes, and a multi-spark ignition, the new BlueDIRECT V6 and V8 engines consume up to 24 percent less fuel than their predecessors, despite generating greater power and torque. Further savings will be made in future with fuel-efficient stratified combustion processes, reduced friction within the engine, and lower power consumption in the auxiliary units.

In the absolute top segment, the CLS 63 AMG is setting standards with the new AMG V8 biturbo engine. Its key data: 5,461 cc displacement, a maximum output of 386 kW (525 hp) and 700 newton-meters of torque, and fuel consumption of only 9.9 liters per 100 kilometers (NEDC figure) with CO2 emissions of 231 g / km. With these figures, the CLS 63 AMG not only significantly undercuts the values of all its direct competitors, but is also more fuel-efficient than much less powerful vehicles.

Requiring just 19.44 liters of diesel per 100 kilometers, the 40-tonne Mercedes-Benz Actros trailer / tractor combination holds the Guinness World

Record in the category “most fuel-efficient 40-tonne truck.” During a seven-day trial drive over 13,000 kilometers on the Nardo test circuit in southern

Italy in May 2008, the Actros demonstrated that the vision of the “one-liter vehicle” is already a reality in the commercial vehicle sector.

High-tech internal combustion engines.New Engine Generation

The New Engine Generation stands for the latest

interdisciplinary engine development from Daimler Trucks.

The Fuso “6R10” engine complies with JP 09, currently the

world’s most stringent emissions standard and is already

installed, for example, in the new Fuso Super Great.

Synthetic fuels help cut consumption and emissions.

Since conventional fuels such as gasoline or diesel will continue to predominate for a number of years to come, their optimization is a top priority. The objective: universal availability of high-quality and sulfur-free fuels.

1. CNG (compressed natural gas) is a promising option for certain applications, since it has a lower carbon content than gasoline or diesel.

2. BTL (biomass-to-liquid) fuels will acquire increasing significance as soon as they are produced on a large-scale industrial basis. Daimler is promoting the development and application of largely CO2-neutral synthetic biofuels which make optimal use of the biomass, are free of sulfur and aromatics, and do not directly compete with food and fodder production. They can be excellently matched to the requirements of the internal combustion engine.

3. GTL (gas-to-liquid) fuels are the cleanest and highest-quality fuels for diesel engines after BTL fuels. GTL diesel is free of sulfur and can be well matched to the requirements of the internal combustion engine.

4. Hydrogen is the energy medium for fuel cell automobiles. The hydrogen used in the fuel cell reacts with oxygen to yield water. Until now, the world’s hydrogen requirements have been largely fulfilled by the reformation of steam from natural gas. Since this hydrogen production process still gives rise to CO2 emissions as a result of the carbon content of the natural gas, appropriate economically viable processes for hydrogen production from renewable sources must be developed. Hydrogen generated by this means is the fuel of the future, which in combination with the fuel cell ensures mobility free of pollutants and CO2. Environment-friendly hydrogen production processes include electrolysis using electricity generated from renewable sources (at hydroelectric, wind, solar or geothermal power plants) and the gasification of biomass.

5. Biofuels of the first generation, such as bioethanol or biodiesel (rapeseed methyl ester, RME), are suitable for the short to medium term as blend additives for conventional fossil fuels – within the range of concentrations suitable for the respective vehicles – as long as negative consequences for food production are prevented. Hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO), which give rise to only few emissions and are produced on an industrial scale, are suited as an interim solution prior to the introduction of second-generation biofuels and can be blended with conventional fuels without restric- tion in high quantities.

The development of fuels goes hand in hand with that of drive systems. New alternative fuels provide further potential for reducing fuel consumption and emissions.

“Power plants” for high-tech engines:

The development and introduction of

synthetic diesel fuels from biomass, by the

name of “SunDiesel,” have been at the focus

of Daimler’s attention since 2005.

Driving with natural gas: NGT (natural gas technology).In terms of both ecology and economy, natural gas drive is a viable alternative to conventional drive concepts. In comparison with conventional gasoline or diesel fuels, its advantages lie in a lower carbon content and low-emission combustion. Moreover, natural gas engines run very quietly and produce less CO2 than diesel engines. To date, natural gas vehicles still have the disadvantages of intricate fuel storage in bulky pressure cylinders and a limited filling station infrastructure. Thanks to their bivalent drive units, NGT passenger cars such as the Mercedes-Benz E 200 NGT BlueEFFICIENCY or the B 170 NGT BlueEFFICIENCY can run either on natural gas or on premium gasoline.

The Mercedes-Benz Sprinter NGT BlueEFFICIENCY with bivalent natural gas drive has also been available since 2008. The Mercedes-Benz Citaro CNG is manufactured both as a solo and an articulated bus with natural gas engine; more than 1,600 of these vehicles are already in operation throughout the world. This was the first line-service urban bus with natural gas drive to comply with the EEV (Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle) exhaust standards. The Mercedes-Benz Econic NGT likewise undercuts the Euro V and EEV limits and is characterized by low noise emissions; around 1,000 of these trucks are on the roads of Europe in municipal service, collecting, and distribution operations. 1,300 natural gas vehicles on the basis of the MT45 walk-in delivery van have been delivered since 2000 by the Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation (FCCC).

Whether it be the Mercedes-Benz Citaro, the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter, the Mercedes-Benz Econic, or the Mercedes-Benz B-Class and E-Class: Natural

gas engines comply with the stringent EEV standards.


High-tech internal combustion engines.

Hybridization made to measure. A milestone for further enhanced efficiency.

The key to greater efficiency and environmental compatibility lies in the electrification of the drivetrain. This offers great potential for improvement, which is being realized for example in auxiliary units, the automatic start / stop system, and hybridization. For this second stage of Daimler’s “road map”, we have developed a modular hybrid system that offers various possibilities for extension in terms of performance and range of vehicle applications. All hybrid drive variants can be realized on this basis: from so-called mild hybrids, with electric recuperation and boost function, up to purely electric driving.

A further option is the plug-in hybrid, in which the battery can be recharged from a domestic power socket to extend the vehicle’s

“electric” operating range. The Mercedes-Benz Vision 500 Plug-in HYBRID provides a glimpse of this full-hybrid technology. With the next-generation S-Class, Mercedes-Benz will incorporate this highly efficient combination of internal combustion engine and electric motor into series manufacture.

Electric drive – hybrid drive units, which combine internal combustion

engines and electric motors, represent a milestone along the road

toward enhanced drive system efficiency.


Hybridization made to measure.Boosting efficiency. The modular hybrid system is suited to a wide range of applications in passenger cars and commercial vehicles.

The modular hybrid system

The modular hybrid system, which makes for great versatility in terms of power output and range of applications, reconciles economy with driving

pleasure: Hybrid modules and batteries can be combined with various performance data of the economical, high-torque gasoline and diesel engines.

Just like the engines, all hybrid modules are compatible with the 7G-TRONIC automatic transmission. On this basis, diverse, highly customer-oriented

hybrid drive variants can be realized – up to the full hybrid, which can also operate in purely electrical mode. A further option is the plug-in hybrid, in

which the battery can also be recharged from a domestic power socket to increase the “electric” operating range.

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HyBRID: The first hybrid vehicle to be offered by a European manufacturer.

Transmission Combustion enginesBatteries Hybrid modules

· 7 Ah

· 30 Ah

· 45 Ah

· 15 kW

· 45 kW

· 65 kW

· 7G-TRONIC

· 7G-TRONIC PLUS

The future of the modular hybrid system is shown by the Mercedes-Benz Vision 500 Plug-in HyBRID. This vehicle’s hybrid module also allows driving in purely electric mode. The more powerful, likewise disc-shaped electric motor differs only slightly from the hybrid module in the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID and can also be integrated into the 7G-TRONIC housing. This configuration leaves sufficient space for an isolator coupling additionally located between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor: It separates the two drive units in purely electric mode so that the combustion engine can be cut off completely. Moreover, this configuration allows full recuperation without drag loss in the engine. With a certified consumption of only 3.2 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers and a purely electric operating range of 30 kilometers, the Mercedes-Benz Vision S 500 Plug-in HYBRID offers green technology in a fascinating luxury-category vehicle.

The near-series diesel hybrid study car.The combination of various hybrid modules is also demonstrated in the Vision Mercedes-Benz E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID. This study car equipped with the new four-cylinder diesel engine sounds out the fuel-savings potential with its low combined consumption figure of just 4.5 liters per 100 kilometers. The highly efficient emission control unit combines the functions of oxidation catalytic converter, diesel particulate filter, and BLUETEC with AdBlue injection. The near-series Mercedes-Benz E 300 BlueTEC HYBRID study vehicle thus also has the potential to comply with BIN5 and EU6, the world’s most stringent emission standards.

Mercedes-Benz S 400 HyBRID: the first production vehicle with a lithium-ion battery.With the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID introduced on the market in 2009, Daimler was the first European manufacturer to offer a hybrid passenger car from large-series production. The modular concept, realized in this premium automobile for the first time, shows how hybrid drive configurations can be efficiently realizedto meet a wide variety of requirements. The key component is a battery based on lithium-ion technology, which is superior in terms of power output and storage capacity. The second elementis the compact hybrid module, which develops 15 kilowatts in the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID.

The disc-shaped electric motor is conveniently located in the torque converter housing between the engine and the 7G-TRONIC seven-speed automatic transmission. The compact unit also functions as a starter motor and generator. The hybrid module for example includes the ECO start-stop function. During braking,the electric motor functions as a generator and can recuperate kinetic energy. The energy recovered by this means is stored in a new high-voltage lithium-ion battery specially developed for automotive application. The major advantages of the lithium-ion battery over conventional batteries are its higher energy density and more favorable electrical efficiency despite its more compact dimensions and lower weight. The battery has an exceptionally high cycle stability – a service life of at least ten years is attainable under normal conditions of use.

Ah = ampere-hour kW = kilowatt

· R4 gasoline engine

· R4 diesel engine

· V6 gasoline engine

· V6 diesel engine


Mercedes-Benz Vision S 500 Plug-in HyBRID: The luxury category on the way to the three-liter automobile.

More than 1,000 hybrid vehicles such as the Freightliner M2 106 Hybrid have already left the production line at the commercial vehicle plant in

Mount Holly, North Carolina (left). Over 2,200 Orion hybrid buses are now a regular sight on the roads of the United States (right).

The Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid articulated bus and the commercial vehicles from Fuso are already today heralding the technological change

towards the zero-emission vehicle.

The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid received the 2010 German

Sustainability Award and was voted “Truck of the year 2011.”

Off to a good start with fleet tests.Alternative drive technologies from Daimler Trucks and Daimler Buses are now being put to everyday use with customers in further product segments and regions. In North America, most of the 1,500 Freightliner M2 hybrid trucks have already been delivered to customers. Thomas Built Buses is now producing hybrid versions of the company’s legendary school buses. In Japan, the Fuso Aero Star Eco Hybrid is now already the second generation of hybrid buses to be launched on the market. In London, Europe’s largest fleet test with hybrid trucks was already initiated with ten Mitsubishi Fuso Canter Eco Hybrid vehicles in August 2008. The Global Hybrid Center in Kawasaki, Japan, also opened in August 2008, now coordinates the worldwide hybrid activities of Daimler Trucks and is currently developing new systems. The first of a total of 30 Mercedes-Benz diesel hybrid buses have already been in regular everyday service since 2010. This new vehicle concept is already shaping the technological shift towards the zero-emission vehicle.

With its hybrid modules, Daimler is also setting new standards in the commercial vehicle sector.

In commercial vehicles, too, Daimler is pressing ahead with drasti-cally reducing fuel consumption, CO2 levels, and exhaust emissions. These activities are grouped together in the “Shaping Future Transportation” initiative launched in late 2007. A key role in the quest for the drive system of tomorrow is played by hybrid technolo-gies, which depending on the type of application are expected to bring about savings in diesel consumption of up to one-third.

With the Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid, we are offering this particularly low-emission technology ex-factory for the first time in Europe. Its compact, lightweight four-cylinder diesel engine with a displacement of 4.8 liters develops an output of 160 kW (218 hp) and a maximum torque of 810 Nm. It also features a water-cooled electric motor, which has a peak output of 44 kW and a maximum torque of 420 Nm and is supplied by lithium-ion batteries with high energy and power ratings.The electric motor is located behind the combustion engine and clutch, but in front of the transmission. In so-called parallel hybrid mode, the electric motor and combustion engine can power the truck either alone or in tandem. This architecture allows electric starting, regenerative braking, and boosting by

the electric motor and optimizes the characteristics of the diesel engine. This not only significantly reduces fuel consumption and exhaust emissions by up to 15 percent, but also makes for less noise emission. Use of the start / stop function during stops at traffic lights reduces fuel consumption, emissions, and noise to zero. The first fifty Atego BlueTec Hybrid trucks were delivered to German customers from the goods distribution sector in early 2011. The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid received the “German Sustainability Award” in the category of “Germany’s most sustainable products / services” in 2010 and was voted

“Truck of the Year 2011.”

World leader in hybrid drive systems for commercial vehicles.Large numbers of buses and trucks of Daimler’s Orion, Freight-liner, and Mitsubishi Fuso brands are already in operation with customers in the United States and Japan. With some 3,200 Orion Hybrid buses on the roads of North America, more than 1,500 Freightliner vehicles, and over 1,100 light trucks and buses from Mitsubishi Fuso, Daimler is world market leader in hybrid drive systems for commercial vehicles. Together with the natural gas-powered Mercedes-Benz trucks, buses, and vans in Europe, the fleet of vehicles delivered by Daimler to its customers already numbers more than 15,500 commercial vehicles with alternative drive concepts in practical operation.

No other manufacturer offers more commercial vehicles with hybrid drive.


Hybridization made to measure.

Battery and Fuel Cell. Locally emission-free driving. Electric vehicles powered by the battery and the fuel cell make an importantcontribution to sustainable mobility.

The future has begun: Numerous electric and fuel cell test vehicles have proven their worth in field trials. The technical feasibility of electromobility has thus been demonstrated. The manufacture of highly diverse vehicles is now under way: The smart fortwo electric drive, Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL, Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL, Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL, Fuso Canter E-CELL, and Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid

are already in operation today. But there are still a number of challenges that will prevent electric automobiles from being a familiar sight on the roads in the near future. Boosting operating range and performance, cutting systems costs, and establishing an infrastructure are the requirements that yet remain to be fulfilled for trouble-free, comfortable operation.

Charging sockets – recharging with electricity for locally emission-free

driving with standardized charging plugs.


The lithium-ion battery: The heart of all future electric drive systems.A powerful, safe, and reliable energy storage medium is a crucial element of all electric drive systems. The performance of the entire electrical system on board an automobile is determined to a large extent by the battery, starting with its charging capacity. Daimler is therefore concentrating on developing a powerful traction battery. In addition to fulfilling specific performance criteria, it must have a long service life, not represent a hazard in an accident, and be recyclable. A highly promising prospect is lithium-ion battery technology, which has already proven its worth in hybrid applications. Its advantages lie above all in its compact dimensions in combination with a considerably higher performance in comparison with conventional battery technologies. Further advances will be achieved with the lithium-ion flat cell, which has a higher energy density and even more compact dimensions.

Standardizing lithium-ion technology. Thanks to its powerful cooling system and intelligent temperature manage-ment, the lithium-ion battery from Daimler constantly operates within the optimum temperature range of between 15 and 35 degrees Celsius. This ensures reliability independent of climatic conditions, along with full efficiency and excellent cold-starting behavior throughout the battery’s service life. Economical production of the lithium-ion battery under conditions of large-series production is essential for widespread automotive application. Daimler is therefore working to secure cell standardization for this battery technology. The objective of this development is standardized, industrialized production of lithium-ion batteries both for hybrid and for fuel cell and purely battery-powered vehicles – series production is to commence in 2012. Daimler benefits in lithium-ion technology from a broad range of expertise accumulated over many years of research work. The group has registered more than 600 patents for battery-powered vehicles over the past 30 years, including more than 230 in the field of lithium-ion technology. With Deutsche Accumotive, Daimler has its own manufacturing facilities for state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. As of 2012, these power units will be produced on demand forall automotive applications – in hybrid and electric passenger cars and commercial vehicles.

Battery and fuel cell. Daimler is developing state-of-the-art lithium-ionbatteries – indispensable for the electrification of the drivetrain.

The fuel cell – electromobility with a long operating range.With their generous operating range and short filling times, fuel cell automobiles are also well suited for long-distance travel since they generate the electricity for powering the vehicle directly on board from hydrogen. In local traffic, they operate just as cleanly as battery-powered vehicles and without harmful emissions. Fuel cells generate electricity in a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, which yields only pure water vapor. Daimler has been investigating the use of fuel cell technology to power road vehicles since 1994. The Group’s pioneering achievements are underscored by 180 patent applications in this field of technology. In the course of broad-based practical trials with fuel cell vehicles, a total of 100 passenger cars, buses, and vans have been on the move in everyday use with customers, during which time they have already covered more than 4.5 million kilometers and provided important insights for the ongoing development of the emission-free drivetrain. This provided the basis for manufacture of the first series-produced fuel cell vehicle, the Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL, as of late 2009.

Standardized plugs for the charging cable (above), for example, are an initial step

towards establishing a close-knit infrastructure. Advances in efficiency will be

provided by the innovative lithium-ion flat cell (below).


The energy storage medium is the key to electrification of the drivetrain. To secure its pioneering role over the long term, Daimler acquired a 49.9 percent share in the Evonik subsidiary Li-Tec in 2008. The joint venture “Deutsche Accumotive GmbH & Co. KG” was also established, in which Daimler holds a 90 percent share. The aim of this cooperation is the development and production of lithium-ion batteries specifically designed for use on board road vehicles. As of 2012, Daimler will thus have at its disposal exclusive production capacities for advanced lithium-ion batteries, which can then be manufactured according to requirements for all automotive applications – from hybrid to electric automobiles, and for both passenger cars and commercial vehicles. Daimler thus has direct access to the key technology for emission-free driving.

Daimler is the world’s first automotive manufacturer to develop and, as of 2012, to produce and market its own batteries for automotive application.


A calculation that makes sense.Our electric vehicles have lower levels of fuel consumption and noise pollution than conventionally powered vehicles, offer the same amount of safety and spaciousness – and provide no end of driving pleasure. Thanks to the electric motor maximum torque is available right from the start, allowing powerful acceleration. These features are shared by all current and future electric vehicles from Daimler, such as the smart fortwo electric drive, Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL, Vito E-CELL, SLS AMG E-CELL, B-Class F-CELL, Citaro FuelCELL HYBRID, and Fuso Canter E-CELL.

A locally emission-free, agile city car.It has everything on board that makes a smart a smart – except a combustion engine. Rather, the smart fortwo electric drive is powered by a 30 kW (41 hp) electric motor: economically, quietly, and locally emission-free. With an acceleration from 0 to 60 km / h

in 6.5 seconds, this agile city car is hard to beat at traffic lights. Its highly efficient lithium-ion battery is well protected in the sandwich underfloor unit between the axles. The two-seater can be recharged either from a domestic power socket or at a public charging station. A single battery charge is sufficient for a range of 135 kilometers, which is ideal for city traffic. Large-scale produc-tion of the smart fortwo electric drive is due to commence in 2012.Pure electric driving pleasure on just two wheels is promised by the smart prototypes escooter and ebike. The smart escooter offers safety systems that are unique for this category of vehicle, such as ABS, airbag, and Blind Spot Assist, and its 4 kW (5.4 hp) electric motor provides it with a range of up to 100 kilometers. With the ebike, the cyclist is assisted by an electric motor up to a speed of 25 km / h. These smart two-wheelers, introduced in late 2010, perfectly round off the range of vehicles for emission-free urban mobility.

Electromobility today.Zero emissions, full emotions. Electric vehicles from Daimler are not only particularly clean and quiet, but also offer maximum driving pleasure.

Five seats and full flexibility in the interior make the Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL the ideal electric family car. The absolute superlative among

electric vehicles in terms of performance, drive technology, and design is the SLS AMG E-CELL (right).

The first family car for city driving.The A-Class E-CELL is the first series-produced battery-powered electric car from Mercedes-Benz. This family-friendly five-seater, which is entirely suitable for everyday use, offers a spacious, versatile interior and trunk – with no compromise in spacious-ness and variability, since the two highly efficient lithium-ion batteries are safely and conveniently located in the underfloor unit. They make for a range of over 200 kilometers (NEDC figure). A quiet, locally emission-free electric motor provides a peak power of no less than 70 kW (95 hp) and a generous torque of 290 Nm. With an acceleration from 0 to 60 km / h in 5.5 seconds and an electronically limited top speed of 150 km / h, the electric A-Class is designed to meet the requirements of urban mobility. Production of a total of 500 units of the A-Class E-CELL began in Rastatt in late 2010.

The Gullwing electrified. An electric car for both country roads and the racetrack was created by Mercedes-AMG in the summer of 2010 in the form of the SLS AMG E-CELL concept car. This vehicle is powered by four synchronous electric motors located near the wheels, with a combined peak output of 392 kW (533 hp) and a maximum torque of 880 Nm. Acceleration from 0 to 100 km / h in 4.0 seconds and a high-voltage lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 48 kWh are further outstanding figures of this Gullwing model. The fascinating super sportscar with locally emission-free electric drive will be available in the showrooms as of 2013.

Daimler’s generous offer of electric vehicles ranges from city cars and bikes to vans and the super sportscar (right). Ideally suited for locally

zero-emission city mobility are the smart fortwo electric drive and the prototypes smart escooter and ebike (left).

The future of local transportation. The latest fuel cell technology is also used in the Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid city bus. The hybrid system with fuel cell, electric motor, and lithium-ion batteries is characterized by outstanding environmental compatibility: This bus emits no pollutants during operation and is almost silent, so it is ideal for use in highly burdened inner-city areas and in mega-cities. On the roof are seven cylinders containing 35 kg of hydrogen in all. The water-cooled lithium-ion batteries have a capacity of 27 kWh, which is sufficient to power the electric motors at a constant 120 kW (163 hp). The Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid makes for permanently zero-emission local public transport and thus constitutes a key element of mobility for the future.

The first fuel cell automobile in series production.Manufacture of a small series of the Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL commenced in late 2009. With its 700-bar hydrogen tank in the sandwich floor unit, the first fuel cell passenger car from Mercedes-Benz to be produced under series conditions attains an operating range of around 400 kilometers. Its electric motor develops an output of 100 kilowatts, with a torque of 290 newton-meters, and thus has the power rating of a two-liter gasoline engine. The clean, quiet, and powerful fuel cell drive unit consumes 3.3 liters per 100 kilometers (diesel equivalent) and makes for a top speedof 170 km / h. The next step toward market introduction has already been taken: In December 2010, Mercedes-Benz delivered the first of a total of 200 B-Class F-CELL cars in Germany and the United States. In California alone, 70 B-Class vehicles with fuel cell will be handed over to customers by 2012.

Emission-free, quiet as a whisper, and easy on natural resources: The Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid (left). The Mercedes-Benz B-Class

F-CELL (right) makes for emission-free driving with a range of up to 400 kilometers and accommodates up to five people.

A van with “green charging.”With the first battery-electric truck available ex-factory from an automotive manufacturer, Mercedes-Benz is opening up a new chapter in drive technology for light commercial vehicles. Its zero-emission drive and its maximum payload of 900 kg make the Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL ideal for use in inner-city zones and environmentally sensitive areas. The lithium-ion batteries of the Vito E-CELL are located in the underfloor unit and thus do not restrict load space. They have a combined capacity of 36 kWh, which is sufficient for a range of around 130 kilometers. The Vito E-CELL thus meets the average customer requirements for a range of 50 to 80 kilometers per day, plus a generous reserve. Its electric motor has an output of 60 kW (82 hp), with 280 Nm of torque and a top speed of 80 km / h that is highly suitable for this type of vehicle. The dynamic performance of the Vito E-CELL is therefore in keeping with the accustomed high level of modern diesel engines. Following its successful start in the major cities of Berlin and Stuttgart, this electrically powered van has been in active service in Spain’s Basque country since early 2011.

The silent light-duty truck.The near-series Fuso Canter E-CELL study vehicle shows how emission-free mobility can be realized in the next-highest weight class. The purely electrically powered light-duty truck is based ona Canter with a gross vehicle weight of 3.5 tonnes. Its 40 kWh lithium-ion batteries housed in the chassis frame allow a range of 120 kilometers. The 70 kW (95 hp) electric motor, positioned between the batteries and the driven twin-tired rear axle, has a maximum torque of 300 Nm and accelerates the electric truck to its limited top speed of 80 km / h. The Canter E-CELL is the next step after the successful Fuso Canter Eco Hybrid with parallel hybrid drive, of which more than 1,100 units have been sold.


An initial batch of 100 Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL vans, the first in the world to be equipped with electric drive ex-factory, were delivered to

customers by the end of 2010; a further 2,000 units are planned for 2011 (left). The Fuso Canter E-CELL with the latest-generation fuel cell drive

celebrated its world premiere in 2010 at the IAA Commercial Vehicles (right).

Electromobility today.

The first public hydrogen filling station in the state of Baden-Württemberg – a joint venture of OMV, Linde, and Daimler (above).

The Mercedes-Benz HySyS Sprinter F-CELL has been established as part of an EU project.

In the F-CELL World Drive, three Mercedes-Benz B-Class F-CELL cars are being driven around the world in 125 days.

Projects with a future.For a mobile future. Daimler creates initiatives for the infrastructure and mobility.

The H2 Mobility initiative for a hydrogen infrastructure.In September 2009, the leading industrial enterprises reached an agreement on the establishment of a close-knit hydrogen supply infrastructure for Germany. Daimler, EnBW, Linde, OMV, Shell, Total, Vattenfall, and the National Organization for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NOW) have the common aim of expediting series manufacture of electric vehicles with fuel cell. The memo-randum of understanding is based on an initiative by Daimler and Linde concerning the establishment of a comprehensive hydrogen filling station network.


Daimler is supporting the establishment of a close-knit infra-structure for demand-based electromobility. However, this calls for investments that can only be shouldered through a concerted effort in conjunction with partners from the industry. According to a recent McKinsey study, setting up an appropriate infrastructure for around a million fuel cell vehicles in Europe by 2020 will cost about three billion euros. As part of the H2 Mobility initiative for Germany, we are expecting demand for 1,000 hydrogen filling stations; this will entail an overall investment of one billion euros. An appropriate infrastructure is also required for battery-powered vehicles. We are assuming a demand for 400,000 charging points to be installed by 2020, which calls for an investment of up to two billion euros. Daimler will continue contributing to the development of the infrastructure with a holistic approach, for example as a member of the Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) for the promotion of hydrogen as a fuel of the future. Only by this means can a convincing overall solution be realized, from the vehicles themselves up to a charging and refueling infrastructure for electricity and hydrogen.

Ambassadors of the fuel cell. Electric cars with fuel cells can revolutionize our mobility once again. The vehicle technology of the B-Class F-CELL has reached maturity, but the refueling infrastructure remains a limiting factor. To demonstrate the efficiency and everyday practicality of this pioneering technology while at the same time pressing ahead with the development of a global hydrogen filling station network, the F-CELL World Drive with the B-Class F-CELL was launched on 29 January, 2011 – one day after the official 125th birthday of the automobile: around the world in 125 days over around 30,000 kilometers, through highly diverse climate zones, and over a wide variety of road surfaces from asphalt to gravel. The B-Class F-CELL has thus become the global ambassador of a new, locally emission-free mobility of the future. To secure fuel supplies for the cars throughout all stages of this tour, hydrogen tank vehicles are stationed at the various starting and end points. The objective is to ensure that drivers can refuel with hydrogen anywhere in the world in future – as with gasoline and diesel today.

Mercedes-Benz HySyS Sprinter F-CELL.

Im Rahmen des EU-Förderprojektes HySYS

wurde 2010 ein Mercedes-Benz Sprinter mit

Brennstoffzellenantrieb aufgebaut und ge-

testet. Ziel des 2005 von 25 Projektpartnern

aufgelegten Projektes war es, Brennstoff-

zellenantriebs- und systemkomponenten

weiterzuentwickeln und die Zusammenarbeit

zwischen OEMs, Zulieferern und Instituten

im europäischen Raum zu verbessern.

Mercedes-Benz HySyS Sprinter F-CELL

As part of the EU-funded HySYS project, a Mercedes-Benz

Sprinter was equipped with a fuel cell drive system and tested

in 2010. The aim of this project, initiated by 25 project partners

in 2005, was to advance the development of fuel cell drive and

system components and to enhance the cooperation between

OEMs, suppliers, and institutes throughout Europe.

In the state of birth of the automobile, vehicles from Daimler powered by both batteries and the fuel cell are on the move as part of the e-mobility

Baden-Württemberg project.

e-mobility: The future is electric.With its intelligent, solution-oriented approach, the e-mobility project of Daimler together with partners from the political sphere and energy suppliers is answering the question of how electro-mobility can be made economically viable in practice. Electric vehicles of the Mercedes-Benz and smart brands have already proved successful since 2009 in e-mobility projects in Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland. Further markets include Belgium, the Netherlands, Portugal, Denmark, the Czech Republic, and North America (the United States and Canada). Daimler, for example, is providing over 100 electric vehicles for the Berlin project; and the partner RWE is installing 500 electric charging stations throughout the city that are to be supplied exclusively by electricity from renewable sources.

Baden-Württemberg is set to become a model region for electromobility.The e-mobility Baden-Württemberg initiative was jointly launched by EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG and Daimler in June 2010. Its objective is to transform the state of birth of the auto-mobile into a model region for locally emission-free electromo-bility within the next two years. The initiative’s starting point is the state capital, Stuttgart; a further regional focus will be Karlsruhe. EnBW is contributing its expertise in energy logistics to this strategic partnership for the development of intelligent, customer-friendly battery charging models and in network management and control, and is providing a diversified blend of energy sources.As a supplement to the ongoing e-mobility projects, the new initiative is specifically focused on diversity.

Electromobility is feasible in all areas of mobilityAbout 200 vehicles of the smart and Mercedes-Benz brands equipped with either battery-electric or fuel cell drive are on the move for the e-mobility Baden-Württemberg initiative: the Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL and B-Class F-CELL models, the Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL and Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid, and the smart fortwo electric drive.


The e-mobility project is setting out to establish worldwide open standards and to expedite the development of vehicle technology and an

intelligent infrastructure.

Daimler’s “Road to Emission-free Driving” also extends to new customer offers, service concepts, and financing solutions. We are thereby contributing to an all-encompassing package concept centered on the mobility of the future.

As the inventor of the car and the truck, Daimler is demonstrating that electromobility is feasible in all major areas of mobility – both in individual travel and in goods and public transport. EnBW will have established more than 700 electric charging points and either two or three hydrogen filling stations throughout Baden-Württemberg by the end of 2011. The company’s public charging stations are supplied exclusively with hydroelectric power.

Projects with a future.


car2go – an intelligent mobility concept with the slogan “Just get in and drive off” – has been chosen for the ÖkoGlobe (EgoGlobe) award. The intelligent

mobility concept car2gether is the basis of “ride-sharing 2.0.”

Modern mobility concepts for the city.In the car2go mobility concept launched in Ulm in late 2008, Daimler is meeting customer demands for flexible urban mobility. In the area of Ulm and Neu-Ulm, and since late 2009 in Austin,Texas, USA, the initiative provides smart fortwo vehicles thatcan be hired at any time of day or night following initial registration – and can simply be left on a designated parking space or on a public street after use. Usage is charged on a minute-to-minute basis; this fee covers tax, insurance, mileage, and even fuel.

In view of the high level of customer acceptance, in March 2011 the vehicle fleet was not only boosted by 50 percent, but also completely updated: The smart fortwo car2go edition is the world’s first factory-configured car-sharing vehicle, fitted with start-stop function, newly developed telematics, and a solar roof to relieve the load on electrical consumers.In Ulm, Neu-Ulm, and Austin alone, car2go has already registered impressive figures after a good two years: car2go is availed of by more than 35,000 customers, who have rented cars more than 600,000 times overall. The extension of this car-sharing project is

therefore in full swing: The Hanseatic City of Hamburg was added in April 2011, and car2go was likewise presented in Vancouver, Canada, in early 2011. And by the end of the year, this innovative mobility program will also have been introduced in Amsterdam.Requests by further cities have also been received for this creative, versatile, and economical mobility initiative for the inner-city traffic of tomorrow.

Daimler has developed a further innovative urban mobility concept that allows users to remain flexibly and independently mobilewithout a car of their own. With car2gether, Daimler has been offering a modern form of ride-sharing since September 2010. car2gether is a web-based carpool community that can pro-cess and communicate offers from drivers and requests from prospective passengers. Matched ride-share offers can be rapidly communicated via smartphone while on the move or from a home computer – practically on a real-time basis. By this means, rides in the project cities of Ulm and Aachen can be organized on the spur of the moment; the system is excellently suited for everyday use and can reduce the burden on the environment.

Buses to the fore.A further mobility concept for the future, especially for rapidly growing major cities, is the bus rapid transit system (BRT). Line-service buses traveling at short intervals are allotted separate lanes of traffic with their own traffic light phases. Buses are given priority, so that they can travel at up to 100 km / h. This ensures rapid, comfortable travel even in rush-hour traffic. Daimler is particularly committed to BRT solutions, since only reliable, safe public transport can entice customers to make the change from individual transport. This is important especially in large cities in

order to relieve the strain on the transportation system and thus ensure mobility in the long term for all social strata. Moreover, CO2 emissions are further reduced with state-of-the-art engine technology and freely flowing bus operations without traffic jams.A further advantage for metropolitan transport operators: BRT is cheaper in purchase and maintenance than rail systems. BRT is thus a sustainable concept for the future which Daimler has already successfully implemented together with cities such as Istanbul, Nantes, Mexico City, and Bogotá.

In Istanbul alone,bus rapid transit is used by about 600,000 commuters daily.

Traffic volumes in major cities will continue to rise – and there will be increasing demand for efficient transport systems.

car2go has developed from a pilot project to the reference mark for intelligent inner-city mobility.

Projects with a future.


Mercedes-Benz Concept BlueZERO: Pioneer of a new generation of electric vehicles.Another concrete example of environmentally responsible electro-mobility for everyday use is the near-series Mercedes-Benz Concept BlueZERO. On the basis of a vehicle architecture, the intelligent modular concept makes for three models with different drive configurations that can fulfill all customer requirements for sustainable mobility:

• The BlueZERO E-CELL with purely battery-electric drive has a range of up to 200 kilometers.• The BlueZERO F-CELL with fuel cell makes long-distance travel

possible thanks to its electric range of around 400 kilometers.• The BlueZERO E-CELL PLUS with electric drive and additional

internal combustion engine as a generator (“range extender”) has an overall operating range of up to 600 kilometers and can cover up to 100 kilometers in purely electric mode.

A space-saving location out of harm’s way.The three BlueZERO variants were realized on the basis of the unique sandwich floor architecture which Daimler introduced more than ten years ago, also with a view to integrating alternative drive units for the Mercedes-Benz A-Class, and was subsequently further developed for the Mercedes-Benz B-Class. The vehicle has five fully functional seats and is entirely suitable for everyday use, with a payload of 450 kilograms and a luggage space of more than 500 liters. The principal drive components are installed in the vehicle’s underfloor unit for a low center of mass and optimal protection, in addition to saving space. This ensures a high level of safety, particularly in the case of an accident.

Emission-free driving with a generous range and various drive solutions: The Concept BlueZERO F-CELL with fuel cell technology and a range of over

400 kilometers (left) provides absolutely clean individual mobility. The electric drive unit with range extender in the Concept BlueZERO E-CELL PLUS

makes for a range of up to 600 kilometers, 100 kilometers of which are emission-free (right).

Flexible vehicle architecture for customized mobility. With the F 800 Style research car, Mercedes-Benz is showing how various sustainable drive solutions can be implemented ina single large vehicle. One of the most significant innovations in the F 800 Style is its newly developed flexible vehicle architec-ture for large sedans – the only such system in the world. This highly flexible platform allows the integration of various alterna-tive drive technologies in a classic sedan architecture.

The Mercedes-Benz F 800 Style with plug-in hybrid drive makes for locally emission-free electric driving in city traffic. Its drive unit consists of a V6 gasoline engine developing approximately 220 kW (300 hp) with next-generation direct injection and a hybrid module with an output of around 80 kW (109 hp), so that its overall power output is in the order of 300 kW (409 hp). Thanks to its efficient drive system and the CO2 bonus forbattery-electric operation, this vehicle has a certified fuel consumption of just 2.9 liters of gasoline per 100 kilometers,

corresponding to only 68 grams of CO2 per kilometer. By reason of its excellent fuel efficiency, the F 800 Style with plug-in hybrid nevertheless has the driving performance of a sportscar (0 to 100 km / h in 4.8 seconds, maximum speed 250 km / h). Its top speed in electric mode is 120 km / h. The F 800 Style thus also meets the requirements of long-distance travel.

In the F-CELL version of the Mercedes-Benz F 800 Style, an electric drive unit with fuel cell makes for locally zero-emission driving over a range of almost 600 kilometers. The electric motor, with an output of around 100 kW (136 hp), develops a generous torque of approximately 290 Nm. The fuel cell of the F 800 Style is positioned in the front section, while its compact electric motor is located near the rear axle. The lithium-ion battery and the four hydrogen tanks are installed behind the rear seats, where they are afforded maximum protection in the case of an accident. The fuel cell drive components are derived from the E-Drive modular system developed by Mercedes-Benz for a variety of electric vehicles.

The Mercedes-Benz F 800 Style research vehicle is designed both as a plug-in hybrid and as a variant with electric drive on the basis of fuel cell

technology.

Tomorrow’s electromobility.Ideal solutions to meet all the requirements ofmobility of the future.

1. Start off prudently. Bear in mind before setting off that during the cold phase, i.e. over the first four kilometers, the engine consumes fuel at a much higher rate – at times corresponding to between 30 and 40 liters per 100 kilometers.

2. Anticipate. An anticipatory driving style makes for effective fuel savings.

3. Benefit from the overrun cutoff. When approaching traffic lights or an obstacle, the overrun cutoff helps save fuel. The fuel supply is interrupted when the accelerator pedal is released.

4. Shift up early. The higher the gear, the lower the engine speed and fuel consumption. So shift up briskly through the gears.

5. Simply switch off. Savings potential is also provided by deactivating the engine at traffic lights, railroad crossings, and in traffic jams. Switching off already saves fuel when the vehicle is stationary for more than ten seconds.

6. Wind traps. Every kilogram of unnecessarily stowed luggage is ballast that increases a vehicle’s weight and thus also its fuel consumption. Open windows, soft-tops, and sunroofs, along with roof racks, give rise to turbulence and especially at higher speeds increase fuel consumption by up to five percent.

7. Good maintenance pays off. Only a well-adjusted engine yields optimal fuel consumption. Regular mainte-nance checks should thus be a matter of course. And don’t forget to check the tire pressure.

Gasoline, diesel, hybrid, electric? The choice of the optimal drive system largely depends on personal mobility require-ments. Product blends matched to individual needs constitute the heart of Daimler’s “Road to Emission-free Driving”initiative. However, aside from all technical new develop-ments and advances in drive systems, fuels, and assistance systems, the driver still plays a significant role that should

not be underestimated. Several minimal changes in individual driver behavior together have the potential to markedly influence a vehicle’s fuel consumption and thus also its pollutant emission levels. These factors account for no less than 20 percent of overall fuel consumption. Reducing consumption is thus a key factor in the quest for emission-free driving for the future.

Seven hints for economical driving

The driver plays the key role. Modern drive and assistance systems make for tan-gible savings and help protect the environment – but it is the human driver who plays the decisive role.

The obligation of tradition.Innovations for sustainable mobility – a journey through the decades. Since the invention of the auto-mobile in 1886, we have reinvented it many times over.

Whether it be in comfort, safety, design, or drive technolo-gy – we have set new standards in every decade. The most outstanding innovations in drive systems technology include the first diesel car of 1936, the Mercedes-Benz 300 SL introduced in 1954 as the first series-production automobile with gasoline direct injection, and the first series-produced car with turbodiesel engine (1977). Common-rail direct injection (CDI, 1997) and BLUETEC, the technology for the world’s cleanest diesel vehicles, are further milestones of drive systems technology.Daimler has repeatedly made pioneering achievements – in alterna-tive drive systems as well. The first passenger cars and commercial vehicles with battery-electric or hybrid drive came into existence in 1906, but they could not hold their own against the increasingly

powerful internal combustion engine and the benefits of its extensive operating range. Development of electric drive was taken up once more in the late 1960s. NECAR 1, the first automobile with fuel cell drive, was launched in 1994. Since that time, the development of this technology has made enormous progress: Locally emission-free fuel cell and electric vehicles have proved their worth in fleet trials and are already on the roads today in small production series. Daimler’s “electrifying” pioneering achievements also include the Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID (2009) – the first hybrid model with lithium-ion battery – and the Mercedes-Benz Vito E-CELL (2010), the first series-produced fully electric van.

Invention of the automobile

1886

Carl Benz applies for a patent for his three-

wheeled “vehicle with gas engine operation” –

the world’s first automobile.

1894

The Benz motor velocipede: the first automobile

manufactured in large-scale series production.

1895

The first omnibus with gasoline engine marks the

beginning of motorized public transport.

1896

Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft in Cannstatt

delivers the first motorized truck to London.

1900

The Mercedes 35 PS, the prototype of all

modern passenger cars.


2005

A world-record drive over 160,000 kilometers

demonstrates the performance and efficiency

of CDI technology.

2008

With only 19.44 liters of diesel per 100 kilometers,

the Mercedes-Benz Actros sets the Guinness World

Record for the “most fuel-efficient 40-tonne truck.”

2009

The Mercedes-Benz E 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY is

a highly economical vehicle with a combined fuel

consumption figure of just 5.3 liters per 100

kilometers.

2010

The S 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY is the first 5-liter

car in the luxury class.

Diesel

1924

Premiere of the world’s first series-produced

diesel truck.

1936

The Mercedes-Benz 260 D is the world’s first

series passenger car with diesel engine.

1977

The Mercedes-Benz 300 SD S-Class model for

the U.S. market is the first series-produced

turbodiesel passenger car.

1997

CDI (common rail direct injection) technology in

the Mercedes-Benz C 220 CDI model sets new

standards in fuel efficiency.

2005

The first Mercedes-Benz Actros trucks and

semitrailer tractors with BlueTec are delivered

in January.

2005

The first Mercedes-Benz Citaro city buses with

the new BlueTec technology follow in May.

1954

The dream sportscar Mercedes-Benz 300 SL, the

first series-produced vehicle with gasoline direct

injection.

1968

Mercedes-Benz 250 CE with electronically

controlled gasoline direct injection.

1985

Optionally available closed-loop emission control

system with three-way catalytic converter.

2006

Mercedes-Benz CLS 350 CGI with the

economical piezo gasoline direct injection and

spray-guided combustion process.

2009

All four- and six-cylinder gasoline engines for the

new Mercedes-Benz E-Class Coupé operate with

state-of-the-art direct fuel injection.

2010

With its new BlueDIRECT engines, Mercedes-Benz

attains an unprecedented efficiency boost for V6

and V8 gasoline power units.

Gasoline injection


The obligation of tradition.

1902

The Mercedes Simplex race car wins races

with hybrid drive and electric hub motors at

the front wheels.

1969

At the IAA in Frankfurt, Daimler presents the

Mercedes-Benz OE 302 electric test bus – an early

example of hybrid drive technology.

1979

Launch of a five-year model trial with a total of

13 Mercedes-Benz OE 305 electric-diesel hybrid

buses in regular line service.

2003

The Mercedes-Benz F 500 Mind research vehicle

is powered by a diesel engine with hybrid

module.

2006

The Mercedes-Benz Hybrid Sprinter 316 CDI is

Europe’s first van with hybrid technology.

2007

In trial operation in late 2007: the Fuso Canter

Eco Hybrid.

Hybrid drive

1906

Hybrid vehicles are marketed as “Mercédès

Mixte,” battery-powered vehicles as “Mercédès

Electrique.”

1908

Germany’s first electrically powered fire

brigade convoy at the Berlin Fire Department.

1972

The Mercedes-Benz LE 306 is the first electric

test van with battery-exchange technology.

1982

At the Hanover Trade Fair, Daimler presents

the Mercedes-Benz LE 306 – its first electric

passenger car, with a nickel-iron battery

weighing 600 kilograms.

1992

On the island of Rügen, 20 vehicles from

Daimler are involved in a large-scale practical

trial with electric vehicles.

1998

Daimler initiates long-term tests with an electric

vehicle for everyday use on the basis of the

Mercedes-Benz A-Class.

2009

The smart electric drive enters series production.

2008

Long since a familiar sight on the roads of

major U.S. cities: the Orion VII Hybrid city

buses.

2008

The Freightliner M2e Hybrid proves highly

reliable in daily operation.

2009

The logistics company DHL tests the

Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid.

2009

The Mercedes-Benz Citaro BlueTec Hybrid, a

serial diesel hybrid bus for everyday operation.

2009

The Mercedes-Benz S 400 HYBRID, the first

production car with lithium-ion battery.

2011

The 1,000th Freightliner hybrid commercial

vehicle leaves the production line in February

in the United States.

2011

The first 50 Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec

Hybrid trucks are delivered to customers in

Germany.


2010

Production start-up for the first small batch of

500 Mercedes-Benz A-Class E-CELL cars.

2010

The locally emission-free Mercedes-Benz SLS

AMG E-CELL sportscar is presented.

2011

Following a small series of 100 Mercedes-Benz

Vito E-CELL vehicles, delivery of a further 2,000

units of this electric van begins.

Electric vehicles with fuel cell

1994

Daimler presents NECAR (New Electric Car), the

first fuel cell vehicle, based on the Mercedes-Benz

100 van.

1999

In NECAR 4, the fuel cell drive system and tank

unit are housed in the sandwich floor unit of

the Mercedes-Benz A-Class for the first time.

2003

In Madrid and Stuttgart, the first of 30 fuel cell

city buses based on the Mercedes-Benz Citaro

commence line service.

The ongoing development of the automobile is a process of constant evolution. We will therefore never cease to reinvent it – with enthusiasm and passion.

The obligation of tradition.

Electric vehicles with batteryHybrid drive

2004

Daimler hands over ten fuel cell passenger cars

in Berlin and is thus the largest mobility partner

in the “Clean Energy Partnership.” A total of 60

A-Class F-CELL vehicles are in use worldwide.

2009

Concept BlueZERO: threefold verification of the

everyday practicality of alternative drive systems.

2009

Production start-up for fuel cell vehicles, with

a small series of the Mercedes-Benz B-Class

F-CELL.

2009

The Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL Hybrid bus

combines the advantages of the emission-free

fuel cell with hybrid drive.

2011

In the F-CELL World Drive, the B-Class F-CELL

is driven around the world in 125 days and

demonstrates its high everyday practicality and

robustness – at times under extreme weather

and road conditions.

Our objective: Considerably reducing emissions already today, and eliminating them altogether in the long term in both private and public road transport by means of state-of-the-art

-ing a broad spectrum of highly modern drive

all modes of road transportation.

Daimler, an overview.

this carmaker is one of the leading producers of premium cars and is the largest

Daimler Trucks

Daimler Buses

Daimler Financial Services

Our brands. Daimler passenger cars. Fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and Energy effi ciency categories1,2.

Vehicles

Fuel consumption CO2 emissions Energy effi ciency category

urban extra-urban combined combined

[ l/100 km], [kWh/100 km] and [kg H2/100 km] acc. to Directive 80/1268/EWG

[ g/km]

maximal minimal maximal minimal maximal minimal maximal minimal maximal minimal

smart

smart 6.4 3.3 4.4 3.3 5.2 3.3 119 86 E B

Mercedes-Benz Cars

A-class 9.8 5.4 6.3 3.9 7.6 4.5 178 118 F B

B-class 8.3 5.3 5.0 3.8 6.2 4.4 145 114 C A

C-class 18.6 5.6 8.5 3.7 12.2 4.4 285 117 G A

E-class 13.9 5.9 7.8 4.0 10.0 4.7 234 123 F A

CLS-class 13.9 6.4 7.6 4.4 9.9 5.1 231 134 F A

S-class 21.8 7.0 9.9 5.0 14.3 5.7 334 149 G A

CL-class 21.8 13.5 9.9 7.2 14.3 9.5 334 224 G E

SLK-class 12.0 6.1 6.2 4.1 8.4 4.9 195 128 E A

SL-class 21.5 9.3 9.6 5.4 14.0 6.8 333 159 C G

SLS AMG 19.9 19.9 9.3 9.3 13.2 13.2 308 308 G G

ML-class 15.7 7.0 9.6 5.4 11.8 6.0 276 158 F A

R-class 18.8 11.0 10.2 6.9 13.4 8.4 311 222 G C

GLK-class 11.0 6.4 7.4 5.0 8.7 5.6 220 145 E A

GL-class 19.0 11.1 10.8 7.5 13.8 8.9 322 235 G C

G-class 21.6 13.6 12.6 9.8 15.9 11.2 372 295 F G

Maybach 23.6 22.6 11.3 10.7 15.8 15.0 368 350 G G

Mercedes-Benz Vans

Viano 16.5 8.7 9.5 6.3 12.1 7.1 284 187 G C

Vito 16.5 8.4 9.5 6.1 12.1 7.0 284 182 G C

Sprinter 21.5 9.2 13.3 6.5 16.2 7.5 314 197 F B

Electric vehicles kWh/100 km

smart electric drive < 14 0 A +

A-class E-CELL 17.5 0 A +

Electric vehicle with fuel cell kg H2/100 km

B-class F-CELL 0.97 0 A +

1 The fi gures for fuel consumption and CO2 emissions shown were obtained in accordance with the prescribed measuring process (Directive 80/1268/EEC in the currently applicable version). The fi gures are not based on an individual vehicle and do not constitute part of the product off er; they are provided solely for purposes of comparison between diff erent vehicle models.

Further information on the offi cial fuel consumption and the offi cial, specifi c CO2 emissions for new passenger cars can be found in the publication “Leitfaden über den Kra� stoff verbrauch und die CO2-Emissionen neuer Personenkra� wagen” [Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in new passenger cars], which is available free of charge from showrooms and from Deutsche Automobil Treuhand GmbH.

2 The above table shows the fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels plus the energy effi ciency category of all model series available in Germany at the time of printing. For each vehicle class, the highest and lowest values are indicated for the models available in the german market. Further details on specifi c types of vehicle are available on the Internet. Fuel consumption levels in real driving operation can deviate from the test values in accordance with individual driving style.

Stand 01/2012

Dai

mle

r AG

, CO

M/M

583

6/16

36/0

2/05

11

Daimler AGCommunicationsStuttgart, Germanywww.daimler.comwww.daimler.mobi

Daimler AG „The Road to Emission-free Driving.“

Automotive

oxidation

domestic power

rail direct

energy storage

internal combustion

internal combustion

fuso super

natural gas