xiii DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i SURAT PERNYATAAN................................................................................. ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... iii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... iv MOTTO ........................................................................................................... v HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... viii KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... ix DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................ 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 6 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 7 1.4 Signifikansi Penelitian ................................................................... 7 1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis ............................................................... 7 1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis .................................................................... 8 1.4.3 Manfaat Sosial .................................................................... 8 1.5 Kerangka Teori ................................................................................ 8 1.5.1 State Of The Art ................................................................... 8 1.5.2 Paradigma ............................................................................ 13 1.5.3 Teori ..................................................................................... 16 1.6 Metodologi ...................................................................................... 28
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xiii
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL........................................................................................ i
SURAT PERNYATAAN................................................................................. ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... iii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN.......................................................................... iv
MOTTO ........................................................................................................... v
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................................... vi
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................... viii
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN................................................................................ 1
1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 6
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................. 7
1.4 Signifikansi Penelitian ................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis............................................................... 7
1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis .................................................................... 8
1.4.3 Manfaat Sosial .................................................................... 8
1.5 Kerangka Teori ................................................................................ 8
1.5.1 State Of The Art................................................................... 8
1.5.2 Paradigma ............................................................................ 13
1.5.3 Teori..................................................................................... 16
1.6 Metodologi ...................................................................................... 28
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1.6.1 Tipe Penelitian ..................................................................... 28
1.6.2 Lokasi .................................................................................. 29
1.6.3 Objek Penelitian................................................................... 29
1.6.4 Jenis Data............................................................................. 29
1.6.4.1 Data Primer .............................................................. 29
1.6.4.2 Data Sekunder .......................................................... 30
1.6.5 Teknik Pengumpulan Data .................................................. 30
1.6.6 Teknik Analisa Data ............................................................ 32
1.6.7 Kualitas Data ....................................................................... 32
BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM OBJEK PENELITIAN.................................. 35
2.1 Sejarah Suku Tengger...................................................................... 35
2.2 Letak Geografis ............................................................................... 36
2.3 Unsur- Unsur Kebudayaan .............................................................. 37
2.3.1 Bahasa .................................................................................... 37
2.3.2 Pengetahuan ........................................................................... 38
2.3.3 Teknologi ............................................................................... 38
2.3.4 Religi ...................................................................................... 39
2.3.5 Organisasi Sosial .................................................................... 39
2.3.5.1 Perkawinan ................................................................. 39
2.3.5.2 Sistem Kekerabatan.................................................... 43
2.3.5.3 Mata Pencaharian ....................................................... 44
2.3.5.4 Kesenian ..................................................................... 44
2.3.5.5 Hak Waris................................................................... 45
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2.3.5.6 Tata Rumah ................................................................ 45
2.3.5.7 Nilai-Nilai Budaya ..................................................... 48
2.4 Komunikasi Antar Pribadi ............................................................... 50
BAB III TEMUAN PENELITIAN .................................................................. 52
3.1 KarakteristikInforman ..................................................................... 53
3.2 Deskripsi Hasil Interview ................................................................ 53
3.2.1 Proses komunikasi masyarakat Tengger dalam kehidupan
sehari- hari ........................................................................... 53
3.2.2 Ketika berbicara dengan orang lain yang bukan penduduk asli
Tengger, apakah mengalami kesulitan untuk berkomunikasi
dengan orang tersebut .......................................................... 55
3.2.3 Perlunya mempelajari budaya sekitar Tengger.................... 58
3.2.4 Kesulitan berkomunikasi dengan sesama Suku Tengger..... 60
3.2.5 Menjalin silaturahmi dengan sesama Suku Tengger yang
berbeda keyakinan ............................................................... 61
3.2.6 Proses komunikasi masyarakat Suku Tengger ketika
menyesuaikan diri dalam lingkungan baru atau orang baru,
mengubah pola komunikasi sebelumnya atau tidak mengubah
sama sekali ........................................................................... 63
3.2.7 Arti kearifan lokal dalam budaya Suku Tengger yang masih
terjaga sampai sekarang ....................................................... 64
3.2.8 Perlunya mempelajari bahasa adat (Jawa kuno) demi kelancaran
berkomunikasi di wilayah Tengger ..................................... 66
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3.2.9 Kesan atau perasaan Orang Tengger mengetahui budaya Suku
Tengger yang begitu khas dan dikenal di seluruh lapisan
masyarakat ........................................................................... 68
3.2.10 Cara melestarikan budaya Suku Tengger sampai sekarang meski
arus globalisasi telah mempengaruhi................................... 70
3.3 Komponen Komunikasi Masyarakat Suku Tengger........................ 71
3.3.1 Conversation Sosial ............................................................. 71
3.3.2 Speeds Acts.......................................................................... 72
3.3.3 Code..................................................................................... 72
3.3.4 Social Dialectic .................................................................... 73
3.3.5 Bodily Contact ..................................................................... 73
3.3.6 Eye Contact.......................................................................... 73
3.3.7 Gestures .............................................................................. 73
3.3.8 Head Nods .......................................................................... 73
3.3.9 Physical Proximity............................................................... 74
3.3.10 Scene : setting ...................................................................... 74
3.3.11 Participant ............................................................................ 74
BAB IV PEMBAHASAN ............................................................................... 75
4.1 Karakteristik Masyarakat Suku Tengger ......................................... 79
4.2 Proseskomunikasi masyarakat Tengger dalam kehidupan sehari- hari 80
4.3 Hambatan Komunikasi Diantara Sesama Suku Tengger................. 83
4.4 Silaturahmi dengan sesama Suku Tengger yang berbeda keyakinan 81
4.5 Pola komunikasi masyarakat Suku Tengger ................................... 86
xvii
4.6 Kearifan lokal dalam budaya Suku Tengger ................................... 89
4.7 Bahasa adat (Jawa kuno) untuk Kelancaran Berkomunikasi di Wilayah
Tengger............................................................................................ 91
4.8 Budaya Suku Tengger yang begitu khas dan dikenal di seluruh lapisan
masyarakat ....................................................................................... 92
4.9 Budaya Suku Tengger Tetap Lestari Meski Arus Globalisasi Telah
Mempengaruhi................................................................................. 94
BAB V PENUTUP........................................................................................... 96
5.1 Kesimpulan...................................................................................... 96
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................ 100
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 102
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1.1 State Of the Art ............................................................................... 9
Tabel 1.2 State Of the Art ............................................................................... 10
Tabel 1.3 State Of the Art ............................................................................... 10
Tabel 1.4 State Of the Art ............................................................................... 12
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1UpacaraYadnya Kasada ................................................................ 36
Gambar2.2LetakGeografis ............................................................................... 37
Gambar 2.3Upacara NgarakPengantin............................................................. 41
Gambar 2.4Tari Sodoran.................................................................................. 45
Gambar 2.5 Rumah asli Suku Tengger ............................................................ 47
Gambar 4.1 Suku Tengger saat berkomunikasi ............................................... 77
Gambar 4.2 Suku Tengger memakai kawengan (sarung) ................................ 78
Gambar 4.3 Suku Tengger saat makan ............................................................ 78
Gambar 4.4 Upacara Kasada............................................................................ 79
Gambar 4.5 Boneka Ongkek untuk upacara adat............................................. 79
Gambar 5.1 Suku Tengger saat berkomunikasi ............................................... 97
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