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Tyler Valentine http://www.washington.edu/boundless/supporting-the-student-experience/#tyler Environmental and Forest Sciences' Anthony Martinez ('17) and Earth and Space Sciences' Tyler Valentine ('18) are blazing innovative new trails in their fields. Both students' dreams are being supported by scholarships offered through the University of Washington. As part of its new campaign, UW seeks to raise funds to support even more scholarships, unique programs and research opportunities. Tyler Valentine: Future Asteroid Miner
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Dec 14, 2018

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Page 1: d Ç o s o v ] v W & µ µ } ] D ] v - Earth and Space ...earthweb.ess.washington.edu/holzworth/ess471-503/lectures/... · d Ç o s o v ] v Z W l l Á Á Á X Á Z ] v P } v X µ

Tyler Valentine http://www.washington.edu/boundless/supporting-the-student-experience/#tyler

Environmental and Forest Sciences' Anthony Martinez ('17) and Earth and Space Sciences' Tyler Valentine ('18) are blazing innovative new trails in their fields. Both students' dreams are being supported by scholarships offered through the University of Washington. As part of its new campaign, UW seeks to raise funds to support even more scholarships, unique programs and research opportunities.

Tyler Valentine: Future Asteroid Miner

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Magnetospheric convection, as described by Dungy

Process starts at the nose, and closes in the tail, making a complete circulation pattern, allowing solar wind plasma and energy to enter the magnetosphere

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Polar rain of solar wind electrons

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Multiple MP crossings

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Why is the plasma energizedin the reconnection process?• Because, once the B-field diffuses away, the particles are not gyrating,

and they simply gain energy according to Lorentz force F=qE (dawn to dusk field remains throughout the MP region, as well as other E-fields related to charge separations).

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Next: Start learning about the difference between Cold and Hot plasma motions – they are VERY different in the magnetosphere

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Magnetosphere Configuration

• High latitude, open field lines, magnetospheric convection, magnetotail

• Middle altitudes: plasma sphere/ radiation belts, ring current• Ionosphere: aurora, field aligned currents, acceleration mechanisms,

field aligned currents• Global current systems linking them all

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Single Particle Motion in E and B fields

Everything follows from Lorentz Force:1st assume time independent fields

• Gyration • ExB drift: charge and energy independent• Grad-B and curvature drifts: depend on both charge and energy (explains

How the Radiation Belts Work)

• Adiabatic invariants of the motion in a dipole field

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How the Radiation Belts Work

• Grad B drift = -μ B x B/qB2

• Force on Parallel Motion• Magnetic bottle• Pitch angle• Bounce Motion

• Longitudinal Drift• Radiation Belt Organization

• Loss cone

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Parallel Motion of Guiding Center(see parallel_guiding_center_motion.pdf )

• From Lorentz Force, looking at average motion parallel to B (v|| = v• B/B)we get this equation of motion:

Where µ= ½ m v2perp/B = constant when E|| = 0

(for derivation see http://earthweb.ess.washington.edu/bobholz/ess515/parallel_guiding_center_motion.pdf )

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Magnetic Bottle

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L is the place the dipole field line crosses the equator, in units of Earth Radii

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Magnetic field

Equation for a dipole magnetic field line

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Advanced subject

For details see adiabatic_invariants.pdf


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