Cvd definitions and statistics jan 2012

• 1. Cardiovascular Epidemiologyand PreventionNathan D. Wong, PhD, FACC, FAHAProfessor and Director, Heart DiseasePrevention Program, Division ofCardiology, University of California, IrvinePresident, American Society of PreventiveCardiology

2. Textbooks 3. Cardiovascular Epidemiology:Definitions, Concepts,Historical Perspectives andStatistics 4. Definitions CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) orCORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) (oftenbroadly referred to as ISCHEMIC HEARTDISEASE (IHD): primarily myocardialinfarction and sudden coronary death,broader definition may include anginapectoris, atherosclerosis, positiveangiogram, and revascularization(perceutaneous coronary interventions, orPCI such as angioplasty and stents) CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE or CVDincludes CHD, cerebrovascular disease,peripheral vascular disease, and othercardiac conditions (congenital,arrhythmias, and congestive heart failure) 5. Definitions (cont.) SURROGATE MEASURES include: carotidintimal medial thickness (IMT), coronarycalcium, angiographic stenosis, brachialultrasound flow mediated dilatation (FMD) Hard endpoints include myocardialinfarction, CHD death, and stroke 6. CVD and other major causes of death for all males and females (United States: 2007).Source: NCHS and NHLBI. A indicates CVD plus congenital CVD; B, cancer; C, accidents; D, CLRD; E, diabetes; and F, Alzheimers disease.2010 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2010 7. Trends in cardiovascular procedures, United States: 19792009Note: Inpatient procedures only. Source: National Hospital Discharge Survey, NCHS, and NHLBI.2011 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2011 8. Direct and indirect costs (in billions of dollars) of major cardiovascular diseases and stroke (United States: 2008)Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.2011 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2011 9. Projected Total Costs of CVD, 20152030 (in Billions 2008$) in the United StatesUnpublished data tabulated by AHA using methods described in Circulation. 2011;123:933944.2011 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2011 10. 550 Deaths in Thousands 500 450 400 350 79 80 859095 00 06YearsMales FemalesCVD disease mortality trends for males and females(United States: 1979-2006).Source: NCHS and NHLBI. 11. 7 6Discharges in Millions 5 4 3 2 1 0 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 06 YearsHospital discharges for cardiovascular diseases.(United States: 1970-2006). Note: Hospital discharges includepeople discharged alive, dead and status unknown.Source: NCHS and NHLBI. 12. Prevalence of CVD in adults 20 years of age by age and sex (NHANES: 20052008)Source: NCHS and NHLBI. These data include CHD, HF, stroke, and hypertension.2011 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2011 13. Deaths due to diseases of the heart (United States: 19002008)Source: National Center for Health Statistics.2011 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Roger VL et al. Published online in Circulation Dec. 15, 2011 14. 1,000 831Deaths in Thousands 800 600560 400315242 138165 20081 101 1208525 21 48 50 0