CURRICULUM PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES

CURRICULUM PLANNING

in the PHILIPPINES

Presented by:CHRISTIAN D. EVANGELISTAMARIANNE T. EVANGELISTA, MSHRM

DIVINE MERCY COLLEGE FOUNDATION INC.

Caloocan City Professional

Education

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

• Definition of Curriculum Planning• Needs and Importance• The Need for Curriculum Framework• The Bases for Curriculum Planning• Factors in Curriculum Planning• 2 Major Issues as to Who Plans the

Curriculum• Characteristics of Curriculum Planners• The Use of Research in Curriculum Planning

CURRICULUM PLANNING

• Is the process whereby the advance arrangement of learning opportunities for a particular population of learners is created

NEEDS AND IMPORTANCE OF CURRICULUM

PLANNING The need for Exactness and Particularity in making decisions about ends and means demands scientific curriculum planning.

Curriculum planning develop well-coordinated, quality teaching, learning and assessment programs, which build students’ knowledge, skills and behaviors in the disciplines, as well as their interdisciplinary and/or physical, personal and social capacities.

The full range of learning needs of students are addressed

THE BASES OF CURRICULUM PLANNING

• History• Philosophy• Social forces• Psychology• Religion• Contemporary Issues

LACK OF CURRICULUM PLANNING AND FRAMEWORK

WILL RESULT TO:• Sari-sari (hodgepodge)• Pira-piraso (piemal)• Tagpi-tagpi (patchwork)• Sabog (lack of focus)• Malabo (vague)• Lakas ng kutob (gutfeel)• Hula-hula (hunches)• Gaya-gaya (patterned from an existing model)• Bahala na (by chance)• Patama-tama (non-deliberate)

2 MAJOR ISSUES AS TO WHO PLANS THE

CURRICULUM1. National or State and Local curriculum

control.2. Relationship of laymen, academic

scholars, and elementary school and secondary school and collegiate educators in curriculum planning, parents and etc.

NATIONAL OR STATE AND LOCAL CURRICULUM

CONTROL • The existing uniformity and the national

influences in the curriculum are frequently cited as an argument for stronger national curriculum control.

• However, many curriculum leaders have observed that the real progress in curriculum development is on a broken front.

CONTINUATION:• Schools do not achieve minimum or

other standards at the same time. Neither do they develop with equal interest and success new ventures in the curriculum . Due to recognition to the role of local and regional experimentation in curriculum development must be granted.

• Stakeholders are individuals or institutions that are interested in school curriculum. • These stakeholders shape the school curriculum implementation.

ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN CURRICULUM

IMPLEMENTATION

“LEARNERS”AS THE CENTER OF THE

CURRICULUM• For a particular curriculum design mentioned earlier, the learner is placed at the center. • The learners are the very reason a curriculum is developed. They are the ones who are directly influenced by it. Learners in all levels make or unmake the curriculum by their active and direct involvement.

“TEACHERS”As curriculum developers and

implementersPlanning and writing the curriculum are

the primary roles of the teacher.• A teacher is a curriculum maker. He/she writes a curriculum daily through a lesson plan , a unit plan or a yearly plan. • The teacher addresses the goals, needs, interests of the learners by creating experiences from where the students can learn.

• The teacher designs, enriches and modifies the curriculum to suit the learner’s characteristics. • As a curriculum developer, teachers are part of textbooks committees, faculty selection boards, school evaluation committee or textbook writers themselves.

CONTINUATION:

From a designer or technician to a decision maker.

• At this point, teachers’ role shift from a developer to an implementer. • Which of the plans should be put in to action and how should it be done are decisions which the teachers should make. • Curriculum implementation is now giving life to the written material. To do this, there is the need of another actor, the learners. No curriculum will succeed without the learners

Some of the considerations teachers should have in

curricular implementation

A Student’s view about the teacher as a curriculum maker

and implementer• Teachers shape the school curriculum by sharing the experiences that they have and the resources they are capable of giving or imparting to the learners. • But as the old saying goes , ”What can you give if you have nothing to give? Applies to this demand of teaches in curriculum implementation”- Marianna

“CURRICULUM MANAGERS AND

ADMINISTRATORS”• In a school organization, there is always a curriculum manager or school administrator. In fact, for school principals, one of their functions is being a curriculum manager. • They supervise curriculum implementation, select and recruit new teachers, admit students, procure equipment and materials needed for effective learning. They also plan for the improvement of school facilities and physical plants.

Why are school administrators and curriculum managers important to curriculum

implementation?• The school administrators play an important role in shaping the school curriculum because they are the people who are responsible in the formulation of the schools’ vision, philosophy, mission and objectives. • They provide necessary leadership in evaluating teaching personnel and school program. Keeping records of curriculum and reporting learning outcomes are also the manger’s responsibilities.- Ceres

How do parents shape the curriculum and why are they considered stakeholders? Here are some observations: 1.Effective parental involvement in school affairs may be linked to parent educational programs which is central to high quality educational experiences of the children .2.The parents involvement extends from the confine of the school to the homes. The parents become part of the environment of learning at home.3.In most schools the Parent Association is organized. This organization is provided by law.

“PARENTS”AS PART OF THE CURRICULUM

PLANNING

2 FACTORS IN CURRICULUM

PLANNING1. Identifying relevant substantive decisions

at increasing levels of specificity and precision

2. Checking for consistency between and among the ends—and—means decisions by a two—way process of derivation and evaluation at each stage and by referring to data sources for basic information

CHARACTERISTICS OF A CURRICULUM PLANNER• Open-minded • Willing to listen • Ready to Adapt

OPENMINDED• Is an indispensable characteristics in those

who plan the curriculum• Understanding of the values of the past

practices and of school community and traditions is important.

• Must analyze and evaluate all aspects of the program of schools to make certain in providing the best program. And to avoid hindering the acceptance of new ideas.

WILLING TO LISTEN• Well-founded criticisms on the

curriculum and education must be listened to by the curriculum planners.

• Remediation of the curriculum ills strengthen the school program.

READY TO ADAPT• There is a wisdom adopting relevant

foreign educational practices and must not resist change and experimentation.

• Curriculum leaders should critically and thoroughly educational practices in other countries seeking new plans, methods, and programs that will be useful in improving the curriculum of our country.

THE USE OF RESEARCH IN CURRICULUM

PLANNING• Research affects many curriculum in many ways

like for example:1. Sound proposals presented for considerations, (Hypotheses to be tested by actual tryout in school programs2. People who are engaged in curriculum planning can do their jobs effectively because they are aware of the latest or least review, related studies about curriculum change and etc.

End of PresentationThank you!!!

Presented to:DEAN L. NIEVESProf. Ed Students (Batch 2013)