Caucasus Barometer (CB) Public Perceptions on Political, Social, and Economic issues in South Caucasus Countries Some findings from the CRRC 2013 data April 18, 2014 Yerevan CRRC Armenia [email protected]www.crrc.am www.crrccenters.org www.caucasusbarometer.org
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Caucasus Barometer (CB)
Public Perceptions on Political, Social, and Economic issues in South Caucasus Countries
• Over 2,000 people in each South Caucasus country
• Representative of total adult (18+) population• Proportional representation of demographic and
geographic groups• Multi-stage cluster sampling, sampling error is ± 2.3%• Household selection: Random walk method• Respondent selection: Kish table• Face-to-face interviews in local languages
• Domestic politics: democracy, freedom of speech, attitude towards government system
• International relations – various ideas for settling the Nagorno Karabakh conflict• Social Capital and values• Living standards, employment, migration trends
and development perspectives
Content
DOMESTIC POLITICS: DEMOCRACY, FREEDOM OF SPEECH, ATTITUDE TOWARDS GOVERNMENT SYSTEM
Unemployment
Unsolved territorial conflicts
Poverty
Low wages
Corruption
Emigration
Other
DK/RA
45
3
16
5
5
8
18
1
25
38
8
7
7
0
14
54
10
10
1
0
0
23
0
P4. What do you think is the most important issue facing country at the moment? (%)
CB2013
Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia
Refuse to answer
Don't know
Politics is definitely going in the wrong direction
Politics is going mainly in the wrong direction
Politics does not change at all
Politics is going mainly in the right direction
Politics is definitely going in the right direction
1
21
1
13
29
30
5
2
16
3
7
32
27
13
1
11
28
21
30
7
2
P1. Direction in which the country's domestic politics is going (%)CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
2013
2011
2010
2
2
3
7
11
11
30
29
25
21
20
15
28
19
20
12
19
26
ARMENIADirection in which the country's domestic politics are going (%)
CB2010-2013
Politics is definitely going in the right direction Politics is going mainly in the right directionPolitics does not change at all Politics is going mainly in the wrong directionPolitics is definitely going in the wrong direction DK/RA
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Armenia
4
17
3
28
32
14
44
22
36
11
18
34
12
11
13
ARMENIAP17. How much of a democracy is country today? (%)
CB2013
A full democracy A democracy but with minor problemsA democracy but with major problems Not a democracyDon't know
Don't know
Not a democracy
A democracy but with major problems
A democracy but with minor problems
A full democracy
15
27
36
16
6
15
28
35
18
5
14
34
36
14
3
ARMENIAHow much of a democracy is Armenia today? (%)
CB2011-2013
2013 2012 2011
DK/RA
Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government
In some circumstances a non-democratic can be preferred
For someone like me it doesn’t matter
19
61
12
8
12
55
7
26
9
47
13
30
P18. Attitude towards democracy (%)CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
Don't know
For someone like me, it doesn’t matter what kind of government we have
In some circumstances, a non-democratic government can be preferred
Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government
11
22
11
55
15
19
13
52
9
30
13
47
ARMENIAP18. Attitude towards democracy (%)
CB2011-2013
2013 2012 2011
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
2
12
4
13
24
22
47
34
53
17
15
7
16
7
2
5
9
12
P2. How well TV journalists in your country inform the population (%)CB2013
Very well Quite well In the middle Quite poorly Very poorly Don't know
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
68
52
76
28
35
13
4
13
11
P8. People have the right to openly say what they think (%)CB2013
Yes No DK/RA
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
1
4
2
12
21
31
42
27
29
28
11
4
15
34
34
1
3
1
GIZ4. Agree/disagree that courts in the country are free from governmental in-fluence (%)
(average score, 5-point scale, where ‘1’ means “Fully distrust”, and ‘5’ means “Fully trust”)
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2013
2012
2011
2010
2013
2012
2011
2010
2013
2012
2011
2010
Arm
enia
Aze
rbai
jan
Geo
rgia
4
6
6
9
24
20
27
30
1
1
1
1
95
93
91
91
64
71
64
63
97
97
99
98
1
1
3
11
9
9
7
1
2
1
ARMENIAPaid bribe (%)
Yes No DK
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
NATO
EU
Eurasian Economic Community
9
16
31
17
25
24
30
25
21
11
10
5
17
13
8
16
11
11
ARMENIAP19-P21. Support of membership in... (%)
CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't supportRather not support Don't support at all Don't know
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
16
16
34
25
18
31
25
32
17
10
9
4
13
8
4
11
17
10
P20. Support of country's membership in EU (%)CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't supportRather not support Don't support at all DK/RA
Armenia
Georgia
31
14
24
18
21
17
5
7
8
17
11
27
P21. Support of country's membership in Eurasian Economic Community (%)CB2013
Fully support Rather support Equally support and don't supportRather not support Don't support at all Don't know
VARIOUS IDEAS FOR SETTLING THE NAGORNO KARABAKH CONFLICT
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
28
35
9
26
20
34
15
17
17
16
22
11
15
6
29
RC2.1. How likely to find a solution by peaceful negotiation? (%)CB2013
Very likely Rather likely Rather unlikely Very unlikely Don't know
Have NK as a formal part of Armenia
Have NK as an independent country
Create a special administrative region governed jointly
Have NK with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan
Have NK in Azerbaijan without autonomy
73
54
1
13
17
2
1
1
7
23
88
91
91
3
2
4
4
4
5
5
6
5
5
ARMENIARC3. Are you favour/not accept?
Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never acceptIndifferent DK/RA
Have NK as a formal part of Armenia
Have NK as an independent country
Create a special administrative region governed jointly
Have NK with a high degree of autonomy within Azerbaijan
Have NK in Azerbaijan without autonomy
0.435957904834966
10
4
19
3
95.3799167155573
81
90
44
4
9
6
5
3
31
94
AZERBAIJAN RC3. Favor/not accept (%)
CB2013
Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never acceptIndifferent DK/RA
2013
2011
2013
2011
Arm
enia
Aze
rbai
jan
2
3
19
28
91
77
44
40
4 5
18
5
9
2
31
23
Favor/not accept (%)CB2011, 2013
Definitely favor Accept under certain circumstances Never accept Indifferent Don't know
Other
Iran
Georgia
No one
Don't know
France
Russia
2
1
2
4
5
9
77
1
1
2
4
4
5
83
ARMENIAP22. Main friend of the country (%)
2013 2012
Don't know
Georgia
Russia
France
Iran
USA
Turkey
Azerbaijan
1
1
1
2
32
63
0.502062310351499
0.546185431397452
0.768487181866629
0.88514159452963
1
1.98263309334804
28.2173251653113
66.2118131912267
ARMENIAP23. Main enemy of the country (%)
2013 2012
Azerbaijanis
Turks
Jews
Iranians
Kurds, Yezidis
Molokans
Georgians
Americans
Europeans
Russians
Armenians
22
31
51
52
57
58
67
75
76
89
91
76
67
45
46
40
38
31
21
21
10
8
1
2
4
2
3
4
2
4
3
1
1
ARMENIAN7. Approval of doing business with... (%)
CB2013
Approve Disapprove Don't know
Azerbaijanis
Turks
Iranians
Kurds, Yezidis
Molokans
Jews
Georgians
Americans
Europeans
Russians
Armenians
4
4
10
10
17
18
29
36
38
46
98
96
95
89
89
82
81
70
62
61
54
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
ARMENIAN8. Approval of women marrying (%)
CB2013
Approve Disapprove Don't know
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND VALUES
Other
Talent
Don't know
Appearance
Luck
Doing favors for the ‘right’ people
Age
Hard work
Professional abilities work experience
Education
Connections
1
5
2
1
9
3
3
7
12
28
30
1
3
1
1
4
14
4
8
11
35
19
1
1
2
6
6
7
9
10
12
19
27
J20. The most important factor for getting a good job (%)CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
28
41
28
16
16
16
10
8
15
11
8
13
17
4
5
4
8
2
1
8
3
2
1
4
5
2
1
5
4
8
2
5
C15. Which of the following, in your opinion, will contribute to your children being better off? (of the respondents who think their children will be better off; %)
CB2013
Education Economic situation in the country Ability to work hard God’s blessing Luck Connections
Talent Political environment in the country Inheritance Other DK
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
2
3
19
34
13
45
20
45
23
11
23
4
4
6
4
2
1
1
22
9
2
3
3
D17. What do you think is the ideal number of children per family in country? (%)
CB2013
One Two Three Four Five Six or more Whatever number the God will give us DK
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
7
2
4
8
3
7
25
17
27
14
16
14
43
55
41
3
7
6
N14.1. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not: Get-ting a divorce (%)
CB2013
Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
4
1
1
5
2
1
19
11
11
12
12
9
56
44
69
4
30
9
N14.2. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not: Hav-ing an abortion (%)
CB2013
Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
1
1
1 4
3
4
2
3
88
88
90
2
9
4
N14.3. To what extent, in your opinion, the following action can be justified or not: Cheating on one’s spouse (%)
CB2013
Can always be justified 5 4 3 2 Can never be justified 1 DK/RA
Don't know
Not important at all
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Extremely important
3
1
1
1
5
2
3
7
6
70
6
3
2
2
12
4
6
11
10
44
2
3
1
1
1
6
2
4
8
12
61
P16. Important for a good citizen - vote in elections (%)CB2013
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
87
73
86
13
27
14
P14. Did you vote in the last national elections? (%)CB2013
Yes No
LIVING STANDARDS, EMPLOYMENT, MIGRATION TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES
Disabled
Student not working
Self-employed
Retired not working
Unemployed
Housewife not working
Have a job (employee)
1
4
12
16
17
18
32
ARMENIAJ1. Primary activity or situation (%)
CB2013
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
12
23
6
21
50
26
41
15
52
14
8
11
12
4
4
1
1
J10. Overall, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with your job? (of the respondents who reported being employed; %)
CB2013
Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied In the middle Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied DK/RA
0
Up to 20,000 AMD
20,001-40,000 AMD
40,001-100,000 AMD
100,001-162,000AMD
162,001-325,000 AMD
325,001-488,000 AMD
More than 488,001 AMD
DK/RA
30
9
20
22
12
3
1
0
3
ARMENIAJ12. Personal income last month (%)
CB2013
Savings
Debts
Savings
Debts
Savings
Debts
Arm
enia
Aze
rbai
jan
Geo
rgia
12
51
18
34
11
41
88
49
80
66
89
58
2
1
J13-J14. Do you currently have any personal savings or debts? (%)CB2013
Yes No DK/RA
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Georgia
3.4
3.7
8.9
1.9
14.9
28.9
16.7
32.5
21.8
21
25.4
34.4
57.9
20.7
1.7
1.7
1.70.5
C13. Minimal monthly income for normal life (%)CB2013