Critical conversations in Public-private partnerships Dr Ranjana Kumar 1 st November 2007
Dec 15, 2015
The GAVI Alliance
Public-private partnership bringing together all the major stakeholders in immunization
Launched in 2000
Mission: Save children’s lives and protect people’s health by increasing access to immunization in poor countries
Vaccines and funding to strengthen immunization and health services to 70+ of the poorest countries
2
Outline of innovations
Raising resources – International Financing Facility for Immunisation, IFFIm
Making vaccines available – Advance Market Commitment, AMC
Facilitating introduction of new vaccines, ADIPs Supporting policy and programme
implementation, Civil Society Organisation partnerships
Programme level impact
Funding innovations
IFFIm: International Finance Facility for Immunisation: using markets differently – a radical shift in scale – US$ 1 billion frontloaded from the capital markets
AMC: Advance market commitment pilot for pneumoccocal vaccine: accelerating access
PPP example: Immunization Services Support (ISS)
Success factors
Monetary resources
Incentivisation principals
Economically minded and committed governments
Rigorous control instance (e.g. independent audit of immunization coverage data to ensure system integrity)
Lessons learnt
New performance based approaches (e.g. performance based funding) in development
significantly increase its efficiency
positively affects people’s commitment through increased self-determination
Partner Contribution
Public Sector Funds managed by
governments
Public and Social Sector
Implementation: Delivery of immunization service in local hospitals or health centres run by local NGOs
Private Sector
Expertise: e.g. business based funding approaches
Social Sector
Advise: The WHO and UNICEF (renewable partner in GAVI Alliance Board) e.g. supported the Ministry of Health of Cambodia with the application process for ISS funds
Implementation: UNICEF is managing the transfer of ISS funds
Background and Objectives
Performance-based and time limited funding for developing countries to improve their health outcomes (i.e. increased vaccination coverage)
ISS money is highly flexible to use; governments and its development partners make local decisions on most effective allocation and use of ISS funds to strengthen their health systems
Additional funding or performance payments are given to countries when they have met or surpassed their self set immunization goals after the investment phase (almost similar to sales representatives receiving a commission bonus after having met their targets)
Results: Speeding availability
GAVI established
HepB - all developing countries
HepB containing combination vaccines
1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
Hep B licensed
HepB combos licensed M
illi
on
s of
dose
s
0
50
100
150
200
GAVI was designed to reduce the time lag in the availability of vaccines between industrialised and developing countries
Results: influencing the marketVaccine prices drop as new manufacturers enter the market
DPT Hep B vaccines prices have declined by 40%
The growing role of the developing country vaccine manufacturer
Presence of multiple suppliers in the market is critical to vaccinesecurity. In 2006, almost 30% of all the vaccines purchased byUNICEF for GAVI were manufactured in developing countries.
Results to date
Health services Additional children reached
Hepatitis B: 126 million Hib: 20 million Yellow fever: 17 million DTP3: 28 million
Dramatic immunisation coverage increase DPT3: 63% in 1999 to 77% in 2006 44% in 1999 to a 73% in 2006 in Africa
Safe (auto-disable) syringes uptake 1.2 billion syringes
Estimated additional children reached with GAVI support (cumulative 2001-06) Hepatitis B: 126 million Hib: 20 million DTP3: 28 million Yellow Fever: 17 million
Progress to date
• 1.7 million cumulative deaths already averted• It is projected that, by end 2006, more than 2.3 million future deaths will have been prevented (600,000 in 2006 alone).
GAVI prospects and priorities
• A long-term vaccine investment strategy
• Ensuring effective implementation of scaled up resources
• Build on the PPP model and strengthened CSOs participation in GAVI policy-making and programme implementation
• Linking GAVI in with developments in international health architecture and in particular health systems work
• Maintaining GAVI’s position as a leading innovative Global Health Partnership
External validation of the GAVI Alliance business model
“The economic impact and benefits of immunisation have been greatly underestimated; GAVI programmes could earn a rate of return of 18 percent”
David Bloom, David Canning and Mark Weston (Harvard School of Public Health) “The Value of Vaccination”, World Economics, September 2005
“This is the first time that there is hard evidence that one of the major global health programmes is having a real impact.”
"Independent Evaluation of the Impact of GAVI on DTP3 Coverage,” Murray et al. The Lancet, 18 September, 2006