Covering the Distance - Faster IEEE 802.15.3 UWB, Bluetooth

Covering the Distance -- Faster

IEEE 802.15.3 UWB, Bluetooth

Wi-Media, BTSIG, MBOA

WAN

MAN

LAN

PAN ETSI HiperPAN

IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Alliance

ETSI-BRAN HiperLAN2

IEEE 802.16d WiMAX

ETSI HiperMAN & HIPERACCESS

IEEE 802.20IEEE 802.16e

3GPP (GPRS/UMTS)3GPP2 (1X--/CDMA2000)

GSMA, OMA

SensorsIEEE 802.15.4(Zigbee Alliance)

RFID(AutoID Center)

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RANIEEE 802.22

WiMAX

3G

What is WiMAX?

• WiMAX =Worldwide Interoperability for microwave access– A technology based on an evolving standard for point-

to-multipoint wireless networking– The commercialization of IEEE 802.16 standard– Expected to be the best solution for Wireless

Metropolitan Area Network deployment• Also the first BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) Solution• Complies with the European BWA standard

– European Telecommunications Standards Institute's High-performance radio metropolitan area network (HiperMAN) standard

• The latest buzz in network options

WiMAX Forum

• The WiMAX Forum was Founded in April 2001• Non profit organization organized to support

standardization and commercialization of 802.16– Focused on promoting the commercial release and

adoption of WiMAX technology • Members include Intel (the biggest advocate) as well as

wireless access system manufacturers, component suppliers, software developers and carriers around the world

• Products must comply with the WiMAX standards and document their security and interoperability before receiving Forum endorsement

• Formal process in place for becoming a “WiMax Forum certified” product

• Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) promises to fill in the gaps of Wi-Fi access and offer affordable broadband access:

– IP-centric technology offering data rates up to 75 Mbit/s in a 20 MHz channel (Most vendors will deliver data rates of 56-63 Mbit/s in a 14 MHz channel)

• Initially, WiMAX will be used as a backhaul technology to feed emerging Wi-Fi hotspot deployments and, possibly, 3G base stations (hence the interest and support from cellular carriers

• Within the next two years, WiMAX (802.16e) claims to offer metro-area portability for Internet access and drive carriers to consider overlaying it in urban areas

Why Is WiMAX Needed?

WiMAX is the latest, and most hyped, generation of fixed wireless technology in years (Source: Pyramid)

WiMAX and 3G• Once the mobile chipsets and devices are available,

WiMax systems for portable/nomadic use should demonstrate much better highspeed data downlink performance

• WiMAX standard emphasizes– Interference rejection– Spectral efficiency– Multipath tolerance– High Data QoS support

• Expected to offer much lower future equipment and support costs

• Cellular networks will likely retain their advantage for voice communication, but that may change with new technology and spectrum allocations

• Operates in both licensed and unlicensed spectrum– 3G carriers may adopt hybrid infrastructure approach and

incorporate WiMAX where appropriate

802.16 Overview

802.16 Extensions• 802.16a

– use the licensed and license-exempt frequencies from 2 to 11Ghz– Support Mesh-Network

• 802.16b– Increase spectrum to 5 and 6GHz– Provide QoS (for real-time voice and video service)

• 802.16c– Represents a 10 to 66GHz system profile

• 802.16d– Improvement and fixes for 802.16a

• 802.16e– Addresses on Mobile– Enable high-speed signal handoffs necessary for communications with

users moving at vehicular speeds

Basic Deployment Architecture

What are they aiming for?

• Fixed Wireless Access: – DSL to homes and business

WiFiWiFi

WiFiWiFi

802.16eNLOS to MSS (laptop/PDA..)

802.16aNLOS to fixed

outdoor antenna

802.16aNLOS to

fixed Indoor antenna

802.16LOS to fixed

outdoor antenna

BROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESSBROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESS

WiFiWiFi

MSS: Mobile Subscriber Station; LOS: Line of Sight; NLOS: Non Line of Sight

802.16/a Backhaul

Mobile Roadmap for WiMAX

• 802.16e

Ready this year

Ready in 2-3 years

WiMax Certification

Focus on Interoperability from the start

Addressing Security Issues Up Front

• Authentication and registration are part of the 802.16 MAC common part sub-layer. Authentication is based on the use of PKI technology-based X.509 digital certificates.

• Each Subscriber Station contains both a manufacturer-issued factory-installed X.509 digital certificate and the certificate of the manufacturer.

• Privacy Sublayer uses privacy protocol that is based on the privacy key exchange management protocol of the DOCSIS BPI+ specification.

• PKM protocol uses X.509 digital certificates with RSA public key encryption for SS authentication and authorization key exchange.

• Traffic encryption uses DEC.

Covering the Distance -- Faster

IEEE 802.15.3 UWB, Bluetooth

Wi-Media, BTSIG, MBOA

WAN

MAN

LAN

PAN ETSI HiperPAN

IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi Alliance

ETSI-BRAN HiperLAN2

IEEE 802.16d WiMAX

ETSI HiperMAN & HIPERACCESS

IEEE 802.20IEEE 802.16e

3GPP (GPRS/UMTS)3GPP2 (1X--/CDMA2000)

GSMA, OMA

SensorsIEEE 802.15.4(Zigbee Alliance)

RFID(AutoID Center)

IEE

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RANIEEE 802.22

3G

HSDPA?

4G Broadband?

Carriers Wrestle With Getting to Full 3G and/or Moving Beyond to 4G

Two paths for cellular carriers:– Promote and adopt continual evolution of 3G air-interface

standards in the cellular spectrum (via HSDPA) to 3.5G– Support development of new Broadband Air-interface

(”4G”) options that can operate in both licensed and unlicensed spectrum (via the IEEE standards)

• Unanswered questions: Can a 3G deployment evolve fast enough to automatically

become ”4G” ?

Are the benefits of true mobile broadband great enough to generate clear ROI for its deployment?

Could competitors win away core cellular subscribers if carriers don’t enter the 4G race?

Evolution to 3.5 and (maybe) 4G Using HSDPA Path

Rel 4 Rel 5 Rel 7

Enhanced Uplink

WCDMA EvolvedWCDMA EvolvedWCDMAWCDMA

Wider Bandwidth

Enhanced Downlink(”HSDPA”)

Similar evolution in 3GPP2 (cdma2000)

HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access

What does HSDPA offer?

• Improved capacity• 100-200% improvement for ”best-effort” packet data (e.g.

web-browsing)• Improved capacity also for streaming services (50%)

• Support for very high data rates• Peak data rate 14 Mbps (theoretical)

• Actual peak data rate depends on e.g. channel conditions

• Significantly reduced delay• Higher data rates

• Faster retransmissions

Carrier Incentives for Moving to Mobile Broadband As 4G Option

• New services and revenue opportunities• Video and TV now seen as the new “killer application” for mobile• 3G not really fast enough for true streaming video• “Grass is always greener in the next generation” phenomenon…..

• Better Quality of Service• Improved end-user quality• Improved overall efficiency when

interacting with higher-layer protocols

• Higher capacity at lower cost• Improved capacity and coverage with faster throughput• More efficient spectrum utilization• Reduced deployment effort and support costs• Lower-cost equipment

• Assuming that there will be broad demand for the broadband base stations and devices

• To drive market adoption beyond its backhaul application to Wi-Fi and voice applications, WiMAX (802.16e) will need to offer affordable broadband Internet access in a portable environment, plus:– Integrated voice services (toll-quality or equal end-user satisfaction)– Complimentary mobile voice and data service outside of portable broadband

(WiMAX) hotspots– Affordable handheld devices (economies of scale)– Value-added services equal to or better than what already exists from mobile

operators (e.g., SMS, VMS, IMS, MMS, LBS, E-911, roaming, etc.)– Seamless technology evolution – Global Roaming– World-class technical, billing, and customer service support

To meet the above objectives, WiMAX access would most likely need to be integrated with an existing mobile service

Making WiMAX a 3G Evolution Alternative