Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain CheMIsTry …Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain Overall Percent Correct Country average vs. International average: Higher p Not different

75

Main TopicContent Domain Cognitive Domain

Overall Percent Correct

Country average vs. International average:

Higher pNotdifferent OLower q

TIMSS 2003 8th-Grade Science Concepts and Science Items

CheMIsTry AcidsandBases ConceptualUnderstanding

Litmustest

Item Number: S032057S032057

A solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water will turn blue litmus paperred. A solution of the base sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water will turn redlitmus paper blue. If the acid and base solutions above are mixed in theright proportion, the resulting solution will cause neither red nor bluelitmus paper to change color.

Explain why the litmus paper does not change color in the mixed solution.

sCOrINGNote:Toreceivecredit,responsesmustrefertoneutralizationorachemicalreactionthatresultsinproductsthatdonotreactwithlitmuspaper.

Correct response

• Explanationrefersexplicitlytotheformationofwater(andsalt)fromtheneutralizationreaction.Examples: Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide will mix together to form water and salt,

which is neutral. The hydrogen ions combine with the hydroxide ions to form water, so the litmus paper

does not change color.

• Explanationrefersexplicitlytoneutralization (or equivalent), but the specific reaction is not mentioned.Examples: When you mix acid and alkali, the mixture becomes neutral and has a pH of 7. The HCl neutralizes the NaOH, and the NaOH neutralizes the HCl. The mixed solution is neutral, so litmus paper does not react. Acid + base = neutral solution There is a neutralization reaction.

• Explanationreferstoachemicalreactiontakingplace(implicitlyorexplicitly)toformproductsthatdonotreactwithlitmuspaper(orsimilar).[Neutralizationisnotexplicitlymentioned.]Examples: The acid and base react, and the new chemicals do not react with litmus paper. The chemicals that change the litmus paper must have a chemical reaction to each other. Therefore they will not change the color of the paper anymore. They form a new solution that has different properties and doesn’t react with litmus.

• Othercorrect.

Incorrect response

• Mentionsonlythatacidandbaseare“balanced”,“opposites”,“canceleachother”,orsimilar.Examples: The acid and base are opposites and counteract so they cancel each other out. The acid tries to turn it red and the base just turns it blue again at the same time. Because they’re balanced out and equal.

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegible,orofftask).

Chinese Taipei 73 pHong Kong, SAR 66 pJapan 64 pSingapore 56 pMalaysia 50 pHungary 46 pEngland 39 pKorea, Republic of 39 pSweden 34 pEgypt 31 pScotland 25 OEstonia 25 ONorway 25 ORussian Federation 23 OSlovak Republic 22 OBulgaria 21 OInternational average 21 pMoldova, Rep. of 21 OJordan 20 OArmenia 20 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 20 ORomania 18 OUnited States 17 qIsrael 16 qLithuania 15 qCyprus 15 qMacedonia, Republic of 14 qSlovenia 14 qNew Zealand 13 qBahrain 13 qLatvia 13 qAustralia 13 qItaly 12 qIran, Islamic Republic of 12 qSerbia and Montenegro 12 qLebanon 9 qChile 7 qNetherlands 7 qBelgium (Flemish) 5 qGhana 4 qMorocco 4 qPhilippines 3 qSouth Africa 3 qIndonesia 3 qSaudi Arabia 2 qTunisia 2 qBotswana 2 q

76

student responses


Litmustest(continued)Item Number: S032057

Correct response:

Incorrect response:

Correct response:

77






CheMIsTry ChemicalChange ConceptualUnderstanding

Fanning a wood fire

Item Number: S012003

B

S012003

Fanning can make a wood fire burn hotter because the fanning

a makes the wood hot enough to burn

b adds more oxygen needed for burning

c increases the amount of wood there is to burn

d provides the energy needed to keep the fire going

Japan 94 pSweden 93 pHungary 91 pHong Kong, SAR 90 pChinese Taipei 88 pNetherlands 87 pEstonia 86 pNorway 85 pNew Zealand 84 pAustralia 84 pEngland 83 pItaly 83 pScotland 82 pRussian Federation 82 pBelgium (Flemish) 82 pSingapore 81 pUnited States 80 pBulgaria 80 pLatvia 79 pMalaysia 78 pSlovak Republic 78 pKorea, Republic of 76 pIsrael 76 pSlovenia 76 pRomania 73 OLithuania 72 OInternational average 70 OMoldova, Rep. of 67 OIran, Islamic Republic of 66 OSerbia and Montenegro 64 qJordan 64 qCyprus 62 qMacedonia, Republic of 61 qChile 60 qArmenia 58 qIndonesia 57 qBahrain 56 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 55 qEgypt 53 qMorocco 50 qTunisia 49 qLebanon 46 qSaudi Arabia 43 qGhana 38 qPhilippines 35 qBotswana 34 qSouth Africa 33 q

Correct response:

78







Reactionsreleasingenergy


C

S022188

Some chemical reactions absorb energy, while others release energy. Of thechemical reactions in burning coal and exploding fireworks, which willrelease energy?

a Burning coal only

b Exploding fireworks only

c Both burning coal and exploding fireworks

d Neither burning coal nor exploding fireworks

Chinese Taipei 77 pHong Kong, SAR 74 pSingapore 68 pScotland 65 pUnited States 65 pEstonia 64 pEngland 62 pTunisia 61 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 59 pIsrael 59 pIran, Islamic Republic of 59 pMalaysia 58 pSlovak Republic 58 pAustralia 57 pCyprus 57 pNew Zealand 56 OChile 56 pPhilippines 55 pJordan 54 OHungary 53 OLatvia 53 ORussian Federation 52 OInternational average 52 OSweden 51 OSlovenia 50 OEgypt 50 ONorway 49 OLithuania 49 ORomania 47 qGhana 47 qBelgium (Flemish) 47 qLebanon 47 OItaly 47 qMacedonia, Republic of 46 qArmenia 46 qSaudi Arabia 45 qBahrain 44 qMoldova, Rep. of 44 qNetherlands 42 qBotswana 42 qJapan 41 qIndonesia 40 qSerbia and Montenegro 39 qKorea, Republic of 38 qSouth Africa 36 qBulgaria 36 qMorocco 35 q

Correct response:

79







Chemicalchangeinvolvingelements


C

S022198

Which is a chemical change?

a Element 1 is polished to form a smooth surface.

b Element 2 is heated and evaporates.

c Element 3 develops a white, powdery surface after standing in air.

d Element 4 is separated from a mixture by filtration.

Chinese Taipei 73 pSingapore 60 pHong Kong, SAR 52 pMalaysia 51 pHungary 48 pJordan 47 pIran, Islamic Republic of 47 pEngland 46 pJapan 45 pKorea, Republic of 44 pNetherlands 43 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 41 pArmenia 40 pRussian Federation 39 pBulgaria 39 OAustralia 39 pBelgium (Flemish) 38 OSlovenia 36 ONew Zealand 34 OItaly 34 OInternational average 34 OScotland 33 OUnited States 33 OMoldova, Rep. of 33 OEstonia 32 OCyprus 32 OIsrael 30 qTunisia 30 qLebanon 30 qSerbia and Montenegro 30 qMacedonia, Republic of 30 qNorway 29 qSouth Africa 28 qPhilippines 28 qEgypt 28 qBotswana 27 qLatvia 27 qBahrain 25 qRomania 24 qIndonesia 24 qSaudi Arabia 22 qSweden 22 qSlovak Republic 21 qGhana 19 qLithuania 19 qMorocco 15 qChile 15 q

80






CheMIsTry ChemicalChange ReasoningandAnalysis

Candlesburningin3jars


sCOrINGNote:Forfullcredit,responsesmustidentifyZandincludeanexplanationthatexplicitlymentionstheneedforoxygen(forcombustionorburning).Responsesmayalsomentionthatthesupplyrunsoutfasterinthesmallersealedjar,butitisnotrequiredforfullcredit.Responsesreferringtotheneedforair (explicitly or using non-scientific language) are given partial credit. Responses mentioning onlysmoke(fumes,carbondioxide,etc.)build-uporheatshouldbescoredasincorrect.

Correct response

• Z.Explanationreferstotheneedforoxygen(forburning).Examples: Z. The flame in the smaller jar will go out first since it has the least oxygen in it. Z. Oxygen is needed for the candle to burn. Z. It has less oxygen.

• Otherfullycorrect.

S022191

Three identical candles are placed in the three jars shown above and lit atthe same time. Jars Y and Z are then sealed with lids, and Jar X is leftopen.

Which candle flame will go out first (X, Y, or Z)? _______________

Explain your answer.

X Y Z

Netherlands 82 pEstonia 79 pSweden 78 pSingapore 78 pLithuania 75 pHungary 72 pNorway 72 pBelgium (Flemish) 71 pRussian Federation 69 pJapan 69 pEngland 66 pItaly 64 pHong Kong, SAR 62 pSlovenia 62 pChinese Taipei 60 pIsrael 58 pLatvia 57 pAustralia 57 pSlovak Republic 55 pScotland 54 pNew Zealand 53 pKorea, Republic of 52 pUnited States 48 OSerbia and Montenegro 48 OInternational average 47 OMalaysia 45 OMacedonia, Republic of 44 OLebanon 44 OBulgaria 43 OCyprus 43 qRomania 42 qTunisia 41 qJordan 38 qEgypt 34 qChile 32 qBahrain 31 qArmenia 30 qMoldova, Rep. of 29 qMorocco 28 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 27 qSaudi Arabia 23 qIran, Islamic Republic of 20 qIndonesia 12 qSouth Africa 9 qPhilippines 5 qBotswana 3 qGhana 1 q

81


Candlesburningin3jars(continued)Item Number: S022191

sCOrING(continued)Partially Correct response

• Z. Explanation refers to lack of air (gas) explicitly or using non-scientific language (e.g.suffocation,smothering,choking,etc.).(Noexplicitmentionofoxygen.)Examples: Z. The flame in the smallest jar will be suffocated first. Z. It does not have enough air to breath. Since Z is the smallest jar, it will have less air in order to burn. Z. It gets smothered as the carbon dioxide increases.

• IndicatesbothYANDZ(Y,Z;YorZ;Y/Zetc.).Explanationbasedontheneedforoxygenorair.Examples: Y and Z. The flame needs oxygen for it to burn, and both of these jars will run out of it. Y, Z. The closed jars do not get any air. Y or Z. They do not get any oxygen.

• Otherpartiallycorrect.

Incorrect response

• Zwithnoexplanationoranincorrectexplanation.Examples: Z. This jar will have the smallest flame since it is in the smallest jar. Z. The smoke cannot escape, so the flame dies. Z. The carbon dioxide level builds up too much. Z. The candle wants to let off heat, so it bursts.

• X.Explanationbasedonthecandlebeingblownout(orsimilar).Examples: X. A person walking past the candle might cause it to blow out. X. If the jar is not closed, it goes out from the wind.

• XORYwithnoexplanationoranyotherincorrectexplanation.


82


Correct response:

student responses


83



student responses(continued)

Partial response:

84


student responses(continued)


Incorrect response:

Correct response:

85






CheMIsTryClassification

andCompositionofMatterConceptualUnderstanding

NOTamixture


B

S022187

Which of the following is NOT a mixture?

a Smoke

b Sugar

c Milk

d Paint

Chinese Taipei 64 pSweden 58 pEstonia 57 pJordan 56 pNetherlands 56 pKorea, Republic of 56 pSingapore 55 pSlovak Republic 53 pHungary 51 pSlovenia 51 pAustralia 50 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 50 pNew Zealand 49 pNorway 49 pRussian Federation 48 pBelgium (Flemish) 48 pJapan 48 pIsrael 47 pUnited States 46 pLithuania 45 pEngland 45 pItaly 43 OScotland 40 OInternational average 40 OSerbia and Montenegro 40 OMoldova, Rep. of 40 OBahrain 39 OBulgaria 37 OSaudi Arabia 36 qLatvia 35 qLebanon 35 qHong Kong, SAR 34 qMalaysia 34 qArmenia 33 qRomania 33 qIndonesia 30 qIran, Islamic Republic of 30 qMacedonia, Republic of 30 qTunisia 29 qCyprus 28 qMorocco 27 qChile 26 qEgypt 25 qPhilippines 18 qGhana 16 qBotswana 16 qSouth Africa 15 q

Correct response:

86








Solutionhalfasconcentrated

B


S032564

David makes a solution by dissolving 10 grams of salt in 100 ml of water. Hewants a solution that is half as concentrated. What should he add to theoriginal solution to obtain a solution that is about half as concentrated?

a 50 ml of water

b 100 ml of water

c 5 grams of salt

d 10 grams of salt

Latvia 55 pHungary 50 pEstonia 50 pLithuania 46 pChinese Taipei 46 pJapan 46 pHong Kong, SAR 46 pRussian Federation 43 pSweden 42 pKorea, Republic of 40 pBelgium (Flemish) 40 pMoldova, Rep. of 40 pSingapore 40 pBulgaria 38 pNetherlands 38 pSlovenia 35 pAustralia 33 OEngland 32 ONew Zealand 32 OSerbia and Montenegro 31 ORomania 31 OInternational average 30 ONorway 30 OItaly 29 OSlovak Republic 27 OScotland 27 OUnited States 26 qSouth Africa 25 qIsrael 24 qEgypt 23 qCyprus 22 qBahrain 21 qLebanon 21 qIran, Islamic Republic of 20 qMacedonia, Republic of 18 qMalaysia 18 qGhana 18 qPhilippines 18 qSaudi Arabia 17 qMorocco 16 qBotswana 15 qIndonesia 14 qChile 13 qTunisia 13 qArmenia 12 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 0 qJordan 0 q

Correct response:

87






B


Whichsubstancesareelements



S032574

Oxygen, hydrogen, and water are substances.Which of these substances are elements?

a oxygen, hydrogen and water

b oxygen and hydrogen only

c oxygen only

d water only

Slovak Republic 76 pChinese Taipei 75 pEstonia 73 pHungary 71 pSingapore 67 pKorea, Republic of 66 pSerbia and Montenegro 66 pSlovenia 66 pIsrael 64 pJapan 64 pLithuania 64 pLatvia 64 pRussian Federation 62 pMacedonia, Republic of 60 pArmenia 58 pSweden 57 pMoldova, Rep. of 55 ONew Zealand 54 OUnited States 54 pRomania 53 OMorocco 50 OInternational average 49 OBulgaria 48 OJordan 48 OEngland 45 OGhana 45 OCyprus 45 OMalaysia 43 qAustralia 42 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 41 qScotland 40 qHong Kong, SAR 38 qItaly 38 qEgypt 37 qPhilippines 37 qBotswana 37 qBahrain 36 qNetherlands 35 qIran, Islamic Republic of 33 qChile 32 qIndonesia 32 qSouth Africa 31 qNorway 31 qLebanon 29 qSaudi Arabia 28 qBelgium (Flemish) 27 qTunisia 0 q

88








Metalcrown:densityofmetalblock


sCOrINGCorrect response

• 19.2g/cm3

• 19g/cm3[Roundstonearestwholeunit.]

Incorrect response

• Showstheset-upfordensity(mass/volume)butdoesnotcomputedensityormakesacomputationalerror.

• 125[Computesvolumebutnotdensity.]

• 19.3[Noworkshown;indicatesdensitycopiedfromtable.]

• Otherincorrect(includingcrossedout/erased,straymarks,illegibleorofftask).

S032709

The scientists decided to compare the densities of the crown and a block of

metal just like the original block. The density of a substance is the mass

of a sample of the substance divided by its volume (density = mass/volume).

The scientists found the volume of the block and computed its density based

on its known mass (2,400 g). The diagram below shows the dimensions of the

block of metal that the scientists measured.

What is the density of the block of metal?

Answer: ____________ g/cm3

5 cm

5 cm

5 cm

(not to scale)

Questions for Metal Crown continue.

Singapore 64 pHong Kong, SAR 53 pJapan 47 pChinese Taipei 43 pHungary 40 pArmenia 40 pLithuania 39 pEstonia 38 pKorea, Republic of 33 pRussian Federation 33 pBelgium (Flemish) 31 pItaly 30 pSlovak Republic 29 pLatvia 28 pNetherlands 28 pEngland 26 OSweden 26 pUnited States 25 pSlovenia 23 OMoldova, Rep. of 23 ORomania 22 OInternational average 21 OAustralia 20 OScotland 20 OSerbia and Montenegro 20 OMalaysia 18 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 17 qNew Zealand 17 OJordan 17 qMacedonia, Republic of 16 qIsrael 16 qBulgaria 11 qCyprus 10 qBahrain 10 qNorway 10 qEgypt 9 qLebanon 9 qChile 6 qBotswana 6 qIndonesia 6 qPhilippines 5 qTunisia 5 qMorocco 4 qIran, Islamic Republic of 2 qSouth Africa 2 qSaudi Arabia 1 qGhana 1 q

89

student responses


Metalcrown:densityofmetalblock(continued)Item Number: S032709

Correct response:

90


Incorrect response:

student responses (continued)

Metalcrown:densityofmetalblock(continued)Item Number: S032709

Correct response:

91






C


Substancetypeofblack/whitepowder


andCompositionofMatterFactualKnowledge

S012016

A powder made up of both white specks and black specks is likely to be

a a solution

b a pure compound

c a mixture

d an element

Lithuania 92 pHungary 90 pEstonia 90 pSlovenia 88 pSlovak Republic 88 pLatvia 84 pNetherlands 84 pSweden 84 pJapan 83 pBulgaria 82 pUnited States 82 pRomania 81 pSingapore 80 pIsrael 79 pMoldova, Rep. of 79 pChinese Taipei 79 pBelgium (Flemish) 78 pEngland 77 pAustralia 77 pKorea, Republic of 77 pRussian Federation 77 pHong Kong, SAR 75 pMacedonia, Republic of 74 OSerbia and Montenegro 74 OArmenia 74 OInternational average 72 OItaly 70 ONew Zealand 70 OMalaysia 69 OScotland 68 OTunisia 67 qJordan 67 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 66 qNorway 65 qChile 65 qBotswana 64 qEgypt 63 qLebanon 63 qBahrain 63 qMorocco 60 qIran, Islamic Republic of 60 qSaudi Arabia 59 qPhilippines 58 qCyprus 57 qGhana 52 qIndonesia 50 qSouth Africa 48 q

Correct response:

92






B


Reactionofchlorineandsodium


andCompositionofMatterFactualKnowledge

S022206

When chlorine gas reacts with sodium metal, what type of substance isformed?

a A mixture

b A compound

c An element

d An alloy

e A solution

Bulgaria 68 pCyprus 63 pBahrain 60 pLithuania 59 pChinese Taipei 59 pSlovenia 59 pSingapore 58 pJapan 56 pHungary 56 pEstonia 55 pSweden 55 pArmenia 55 pEgypt 53 pRussian Federation 53 pLatvia 51 pJordan 50 pLebanon 50 pSlovak Republic 50 pSerbia and Montenegro 50 pIsrael 49 pKorea, Republic of 49 pEngland 47 pScotland 47 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 45 pMacedonia, Republic of 44 OUnited States 42 OInternational average 41 OMoldova, Rep. of 37 qItaly 36 qSaudi Arabia 35 qNew Zealand 34 qRomania 33 qChile 33 qHong Kong, SAR 32 qMalaysia 32 qAustralia 32 qIndonesia 30 qTunisia 28 qGhana 26 qBelgium (Flemish) 24 qIran, Islamic Republic of 23 qPhilippines 23 qSouth Africa 18 qBotswana 13 qMorocco 13 qNetherlands 13 qNorway 11 q

93








andCompositionofMatterReasoningandAnalysis

Separation of salt/sand/iron filings mixture

S032562

Teresa is given a mixture of salt, sand, iron filings, and small pieces of cork.

She separates the mixture using a 4-step procedure as shown in the

diagram. The letters W, X, Y, and Z are used to stand for the four

components but do not indicate which letter stands for which component.

Identify what each component is by writing salt, sand, iron, or cork in

the correct spaces below.

Component W is: ______________________________

Component X is: ______________________________

Component Y is: ______________________________

Component Z is: ______________________________

W, X, Y, Z

X, Y, Z W

Y, Z +water X

Z +water Y

Step 2: Adds water andremoves thecomponentthat floats

Step 1: Uses a magnet

Step 4: Evaporates water

Step 3: Filters

X, Y, Z

Y, Z +water

Z + water

water Z

Singapore 68 pChinese Taipei 67 pJapan 58 pHong Kong, SAR 58 pEstonia 56 pKorea, Republic of 54 pHungary 51 pSlovak Republic 51 pLatvia 49 pEngland 48 pScotland 48 pNetherlands 47 pSweden 47 pLithuania 47 pNew Zealand 46 pMalaysia 46 pRussian Federation 45 pAustralia 44 pBelgium (Flemish) 44 pArmenia 42 pSlovenia 41 OItaly 39 OUnited States 35 OJordan 35 ORomania 35 OInternational average 34 OMoldova, Rep. of 34 OIsrael 33 ONorway 26 qLebanon 26 qChile 26 qIran, Islamic Republic of 25 qBahrain 23 qEgypt 22 qBulgaria 21 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 20 qSerbia and Montenegro 20 qCyprus 19 qTunisia 15 qSaudi Arabia 14 qMacedonia, Republic of 14 qIndonesia 12 qPhilippines 11 qSouth Africa 8 qBotswana 7 qMorocco 6 qGhana 6 q

94


Separation of salt/sand/iron filings mixture (continued)Item Number: S032562

sCOrINGNote:Toreceivefullcredit,responsesmustcorrectlyidentifyallfourcomponents.Partialcreditisgivenforresponsesthatlistatleasttwocomponentscorrectly.Ifacomponentislistedmorethanonce,noneoftheentriesforthatcomponentwillbeconsideredascorrect.Forexample,aresponsethatlistsIron,Salt,Salt,Saltisincorrect.

Correct response

• Identifies all four components correctly: W = iron; X = cork; Y = sand; Z = salt.

Partially Correct response

• Identifies iron and cork correctly (W and X); sand and/or salt are missing or incorrect.Examples: Iron, Cork, Salt, Sand Iron, Cork, Sand, Blank

• Identifies iron and salt correctly (W and Z); cork and/or sand are missing or incorrect.Examples: Iron, Sand, Cork, Salt Iron, Blank, Blank, Salt

• Identifies sand and salt correctly (Y and Z); iron and/or cork are missing or incorrect.Examples: Cork, Iron, Sand, Salt Blank, Blank, Sand, Salt Water, Cork, Sand, Salt

• Other partially correct (that identifies at least two components correctly).

Incorrect response

• Identifies only iron correctly (W), all other components are missing or incorrect.


95

student responses



Correct response:

96

TitleNamePulledfromItemHere(continued)Item Number: M022002A



Partially Correct response:


97




Incorrect response:

98






Item Number: S032713A

Metalcrown:whatmetalblockwasmadeof



S032713

The table below lists the density for different metals.

Metal Density (g/cm3)

Platinum 21.4

Gold 19.3

Silver 10.5

Copper 8.9

Zinc 7.1

Aluminum 2.7

A. Look at the density you computed for the block of metal. What was theblock of metal most likely made of?

Answer: ______________________________


B. The density of the crown was found to be 12.0 g/cm3. What would youreport to the king about what metal or mixture of metals the jewelerused to make the crown?

End of Metal Crown section.

Hungary 37 pSingapore 36 pJapan 36 pChinese Taipei 29 pUnited States 28 pRussian Federation 27 pEstonia 27 pLithuania 26 pBelgium (Flemish) 26 pHong Kong, SAR 23 pEngland 23 pAustralia 22 pLatvia 22 pSlovak Republic 21 pNew Zealand 21 pNetherlands 20 pSweden 18 OSlovenia 18 OScotland 18 OKorea, Republic of 18 OJordan 16 ONorway 16 OInternational average 16 ORomania 14 OMoldova, Rep. of 13 OEgypt 13 qSerbia and Montenegro 13 qArmenia 13 qItaly 12 qMalaysia 12 qIsrael 11 qMacedonia, Republic of 11 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 11 qMorocco 10 qBahrain 9 qBulgaria 8 qChile 8 qCyprus 6 qLebanon 6 qIndonesia 5 qPhilippines 4 qGhana 3 qBotswana 2 qSouth Africa 2 qTunisia 2 qIran, Islamic Republic of 1 qSaudi Arabia 1 q

99


sCOrING

CodesforIdentifyingMetalinBlockNote:Toreceivecredit,responsesmustidentifygoldANDgiveanexplanationbasedondensity.Responsesthatidentifygoldwithnoorincorrectexplanationareincorrect.Itispossiblethatadifferentmetal or metal(s) may be identified based on an incorrect density computation in the previous question. Thesetypesofresponsesmayscoredascorrect,providedtheexplanationisreasonablebasedonthecomputeddensity.

Correct response

• GOLDwithanexplanationbasedoncorrectdensitycomputedinpreviousquestion(19.2g/cm3).Examples: Gold. Because it had the closest density. Gold. The density is the same.

• Othercorrect.

Incorrect response

• GOLDwithnoexplanationorincorrectexplanationthatisNOTbasedondensity.Examples: Gold. Because that is what crowns are always made of.

• SILVER(aloneormixed).[Confusesdensityofcrownwithdensityofthemetalblock.]Examples: It is mostly silver because the density is 12 and that’s the closest one.


Metalcrown:whatmetalblockwasmadeof(continued)Item Number: S032713A

100


student responses

Metalcrown:whatmetalblockwasmadeof(continued)Item Number: S032713A

Correct response:

Incorrect response:

101






Item Number: S032713B

Metalcrown:whatcrownwasmadeof



S032713

The table below lists the density for different metals.

Metal Density (g/cm3)

Platinum 21.4

Gold 19.3

Silver 10.5

Copper 8.9

Zinc 7.1

Aluminum 2.7

A. Look at the density you computed for the block of metal. What was theblock of metal most likely made of?

Answer: ______________________________


B. The density of the crown was found to be 12.0 g/cm3. What would youreport to the king about what metal or mixture of metals the jewelerused to make the crown?

End of Metal Crown section.

Chinese Taipei 25 pHong Kong, SAR 20 pSingapore 20 pHungary 20 pKorea, Republic of 19 pSlovenia 18 pEstonia 15 pNorway 13 pLatvia 12 pSweden 12 pSlovak Republic 12 pJordan 11 pUnited States 11 pNetherlands 10 ORussian Federation 10 OLithuania 10 OArmenia 10 ONew Zealand 9 OScotland 9 OAustralia 9 OEgypt 8 OInternational average 8 ORomania 8 OMalaysia 8 OMoldova, Rep. of 8 OBelgium (Flemish) 8 OMacedonia, Republic of 6 qCyprus 5 qEngland 5 qIsrael 4 qIran, Islamic Republic of 4 qLebanon 4 qIndonesia 4 qMorocco 4 qBulgaria 4 qPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 4 qChile 3 qBahrain 2 qSouth Africa 2 qPhilippines 2 qJapan 1 qSaudi Arabia 1 qTunisia 1 qGhana 1 qBotswana 1 qSerbia and Montenegro 1 qItaly 1 q

102


sCOrING

CodesforReportingCompositionofCrownNote:Toreceivecredit,responsesmustindicatethatthecrowniscomposedofamixtureofmetals(alloy)ANDidentifythemetalsthatmightbeincludedbasedonthedensity(crowndensitybetweenthedensitiesofthepuremetals).Responsesthatindicatethatthecrownismadeofamixture(alloy)orisnotpuregoldwithnofurtherinformationaboutwhatothermetalsareincludedarescoredasincorrect.IfresponsesindicatethatthecrownismadeofPalladium(notinthetablebutwithadensityof12g/cm3),theyshouldbescoredascorrect.

Correct response

• Reports that the crown is made of a mixture (alloy) AND names specific metal(s) that might be included(reasonablecompositionbasedondensity).Examples: The jeweler used some silver as well as gold. It might have had some copper mixed in because that would lower the density and the

cost. The jeweler most likely used all silver except for a thin coat of gold to make it look pure

goldeventhoughitwasn’t.

• Othercorrect.

Incorrect response

• Reports only that the crown is made of a mixture or is NOT pure gold (or similar); NO specific metalsarenamed.Examples: The jeweler didn’t use the block of metal that the king gave him. The jeweler used four more metals to make the crown.

• ReportsSILVER(densityclosestto12g/cm3).Examples: The metal used is silver.

• Reportsanincorrectmixtureofmetalsbasedonadditivedensities.Examples: It’s silver and aluminum (10.5 + 2.7) Mixture of silver and aluminum as their density adds up to 12.0 approximately. Copper and aluminum.


Metalcrown:whatcrownwasmadeof(continued)Item Number: S032713B

103

student responses


Metalcrown:whatcrownwasmadeof(continued)Item Number: S032713B

Correct response:

Incorrect response:

Correct response:

104






CheMIsTryParticulateStructure

ofMatterConceptualUnderstanding

Atomsremovedfromchair


C

S012040

If you took all of the atoms out of a chair, what would be left?

a The chair would still be there, but it would weigh less.

b The chair would be exactly the same as it was before.

c There would be nothing left of the chair.

d Only a pool of liquid would be left on the floor.

Lithuania 78 pSweden 73 pSingapore 69 pEstonia 68 pUnited States 68 pHungary 67 pKorea, Republic of 66 pJapan 65 pEngland 64 pArmenia 64 pLatvia 62 pSlovenia 62 pRussian Federation 60 pIsrael 60 pSlovak Republic 59 pAustralia 59 pNew Zealand 55 OScotland 55 ONorway 54 OItaly 53 OChinese Taipei 52 OBahrain 51 OInternational average 51 ORomania 51 OPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 51 ONetherlands 50 OMacedonia, Republic of 50 OBulgaria 48 OJordan 47 OHong Kong, SAR 47 OMoldova, Rep. of 47 OEgypt 46 qChile 46 qCyprus 45 qSerbia and Montenegro 44 qLebanon 44 qBelgium (Flemish) 44 qSaudi Arabia 43 qBotswana 42 qIran, Islamic Republic of 37 qSouth Africa 35 qGhana 33 qTunisia 30 qMalaysia 30 qMorocco 29 qPhilippines 24 qIndonesia 13 q

Correct response:

105







ofMatterFactualKnowledge

Particlesinnucleusofatom


B

S012025

The nucleus of MOST atoms consists of

a neutrons only

b protons and neutrons

c protons and electrons

d neutrons and electrons

Macedonia, Republic of 79 pSlovak Republic 71 pEstonia 69 pSerbia and Montenegro 68 pSlovenia 67 pArmenia 66 pSingapore 65 pChinese Taipei 63 pRussian Federation 62 pRomania 61 pEgypt 57 pUnited States 57 pLithuania 56 pLebanon 55 pMoldova, Rep. of 54 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 52 pBulgaria 51 OIran, Islamic Republic of 48 ONew Zealand 48 OInternational average 47 OHungary 47 OItaly 46 OJordan 46 OIsrael 45 OBahrain 45 OIndonesia 44 OEngland 43 OKorea, Republic of 43 qPhilippines 42 qChile 42 qAustralia 41 qTunisia 40 qGhana 40 qCyprus 39 qJapan 37 qLatvia 36 qNetherlands 35 qSaudi Arabia 34 qSweden 32 qNorway 32 qScotland 32 qMorocco 31 qHong Kong, SAR 31 qBotswana 30 qMalaysia 28 qBelgium (Flemish) 27 qSouth Africa 27 q

Correct response:

106






B


Neutralatomgainselectron


ofMatterFactualKnowledge

S022202

What is formed when a neutral atom gains an electron?

a A mixture

b An ion

c A molecule

d A metal

Singapore 79 pBahrain 73 pEstonia 72 pSlovak Republic 71 pArmenia 71 pLithuania 71 pHungary 71 pSlovenia 69 pLebanon 69 pRussian Federation 69 pIsrael 64 pSerbia and Montenegro 61 pEgypt 61 pIran, Islamic Republic of 60 pSweden 60 pRomania 60 pPalestinian Nat’l Auth. 58 pMacedonia, Republic of 58 pChile 58 pJordan 58 pBulgaria 56 pChinese Taipei 54 pHong Kong, SAR 51 OGhana 50 OLatvia 49 OItaly 49 OJapan 48 OInternational average 47 OUnited States 46 OMoldova, Rep. of 44 OSaudi Arabia 40 qEngland 32 qAustralia 30 qNetherlands 29 qPhilippines 28 qMalaysia 27 qScotland 26 qNew Zealand 24 qMorocco 22 qBelgium (Flemish) 22 qCyprus 22 qNorway 22 qKorea, Republic of 21 qBotswana 19 qTunisia 19 qSouth Africa 18 qIndonesia 18 q

Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain CheMIsTry …Content Domain Main Topic Cognitive Domain Overall Percent Correct Country average vs. International average: Higher p Not different

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