Contamination by trace metals (ETM) assessment of the plants populating the dump mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco) Keywords: Zaïda ; dumps ; ETM ; High Moulouya. ABSTRACT: The proportioning of the metal element traces by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Spectrometry Emission) in the mining residues of the dumps, and the plants which populate the mine field of Zaida (High Moulouya), allowed to highlight an important contamination as well as residues of the plants ( Stipa tenuifolia, Reseda phyteuma and Matthiola longipetala). This contamination is materialized by strong concentrations in ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium).On the level of the plants the distribution of these ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium) is variable according to the vegetative species and their bodies. The simultaneous presence of the various elements as well induces an increasing toxicity on the flora as on fauna and consequently on the local population. 049-054 | JRA | 2012 | Vol 1 | No 1 This article is governed by the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/2.0), which gives permission for unrestricted use, non-commercial, distribution and reproduction in all medium, provided the original work is properly cited. www.jagri.info Journal of Research in Agriculture An International Scientific Research Journal Authors: El himer S 1 , Bouabdli A 1 , Baghdad B 2 et Saidi N 1 . Institution: 1. Ibn Tofail University, Faculty of Science Department of Geology, 1074 Kenitra,Morocco. 2 . Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Madinat El Irfane, 10101 Rabat, Morocco. Corresponding author: El himer S. Web Address: http://www.jagri.info documents/AG0019.pdf. Dates: Received: 20 Feb 2012 Accepted: 07 Mar 2012 Published: 04 Apr 2012 Article Citation: El himer S, Bouabdli A, Baghdad B et Saidi N. Contamination by trace metals (ETM) assessment of the plants populating the dump mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco). Journal of Research in Agriculture (2012) 1: 049-054 Original Research Journal of Research in Agriculture Journal of Research in Agriculture An International Scientific Research Journal
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Contamination by Trace Metals (ETM) Assessment of the Plants Populating the Dump Mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco)
The proportioning of the metal element traces by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Spectrometry Emission) in the mining residues of the dumps, and the plants which populate the mine field of Zaida (High Moulouya), allowed to highlight an important contamination as well as residues of the plants (Stipa tenuifolia, Reseda phyteuma and Matthiola longipetala). This contamination is materialized by strong concentrations in ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium).On the level of the plants the distribution of these ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium) is variable according to the vegetative species and their bodies. The simultaneous presence of the various elements as well induces an increasing toxicity on the flora as on fauna and consequently on the local population.
Article Citation: El himer S, Bouabdli A, Baghdad B et Saidi N. Contamination by trace metals (ETM) assessment of the plants populating the dump mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco). Journal of Research in Agriculture (2012) 1(1): 049-054.
Full Text: http://jagri.info/documents/AG0019.pdf
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Contamination by trace metals (ETM) assessment of the plants populating
the dump mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco)
Keywords: Zaïda ; dumps ; ETM ; High Moulouya.
ABSTRACT: The proportioning of the metal element traces by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Spectrometry Emission) in the mining residues of the dumps, and the plants which populate the mine field of Zaida (High Moulouya), allowed to highlight an important contamination as well as residues of the plants (Stipa tenuifolia, Reseda phyteuma and Matthiola longipetala). This contamination is materialized by strong concentrations in ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium).On the level of the plants the distribution of these ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper and Cadmium) is variable according to the vegetative species and their bodies. The simultaneous presence of the various elements as well induces an increasing toxicity on the flora as on fauna and consequently on the local population.
049-054 | JRA | 2012 | Vol 1 | No 1
This article is governed by the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which gives permission for unrestricted use, non-commercial, distribution and reproduction in all medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
www.jagri.info
Journal of Research in
Agriculture An International Scientific
Research Journal
Authors:
El himer S1, Bouabdli A1,
Baghdad B2 et Saidi N1.
Institution:
1. Ibn Tofail
University, Faculty of
Science Department of
Geology, 1074
Kenitra,Morocco.
2 . Agronomic and
Veterinary
Institute Hassan II, Madinat
El Irfane, 10101 Rabat,
Morocco.
Corresponding author:
El himer S.
Web Address:
http://www.jagri.info
documents/AG0019.pdf.
Dates: Received: 20 Feb 2012 Accepted: 07 Mar 2012 Published: 04 Apr 2012
Article Citation: El himer S, Bouabdli A, Baghdad B et Saidi N. Contamination by trace metals (ETM) assessment of the plants populating the dump mining Zaida (High Moulouya, Morocco). Journal of Research in Agriculture (2012) 1: 049-054
Original Research
Journal of Research in Agriculture
Jou
rn
al of R
esearch
in
A
gricu
ltu
re
An International Scientific Research Journal
INTRODUCTION
H e a v y me t a l s a r e a n imp o r t a n t
major pollutants of the environment, their presence in the
different compartments of the ecosystem cause a serious
disruption, and adverse effects on human
health (Akujobi et al., 2012, Bacher et al., 2012 ).
In the commune of Zaida (High Moulouya,
Morocco) we note the presence of an abandoned lead
mine, which causes considerable contamination by trace
metals (ETM) especially lead. The presence of lead and
other heavy metals in this region is a potential risk
to people. They can enter the food chain
through grazing (Akujobi et al., 2012). Lead is
neither essential nor beneficial to living organisms; it
negatively affects body organ sespecially the nervous
system (White et al., 2007 in Akujobi et al., 2012).
Faced with the need to preserve this ecosystem,
different studies have been conducted (Saidi et al, 2002),
(Saidi, 2004), (Bouabdli et al., 2004), (Bouabdli et al.,
2005), (El Hachimi, 2005), (El Hachimi, 2006),
(Baghdad et al., 2006), (Baghdad, 2008), (Berrah El
Kheir et al., 2008), and (Berrah El Kheir et al., 2010).
The different deposits from mining are stored in
the form of dumps. The distribution of vegetation on and
near these dumps shows a scattered vegetation cover and
a near zero relative to the steppe (Fig 1). According to
the studies by (Baghdad, 2008) these dumps are the only
source of contamination in the region.
This random distribution of plants is probably
due to overgrazing, human impact increased or a
selection of species.
Among the most important plants found on the
steppe Stipa tenuifolia, Reseda phyteuma and Matthiola
longipetala were taken into consideration for discussion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Among the main plants we studied Stipa
tenuifolia, Reseda phyteuma and Matthiola longipetala
are found to be dominant in that area. For each species
the aerial part was seperated from the root part, washed
thoroughly with distilled water and dried in the open
space before placing them in oven at 60 ° C.
The dissolution of trace metals were made by the
method of aqua regia. The ground samples (test sample 1
g) were calcined for four hours at temperatures from
110 °C to 550 °C progressively.
After cooling, the samples were added with 5 ml
of nitric acid (HNO3) (5N), and evaporated totally using
a hot plate. They were placed in oven at 550 ° C for
about two hours.
The residue was added then to the 5 ml of HNO3
(1N) and allowed to stand 60 minutes inorder to address
the digestion process. Then 15 ml of hydrochloric acid
(HCl) (0.1N) was added and allowed to stand for
30 minutes.
The solutions obtained were transferred into vials
for analysing in ICP / AES (Inductive Coupled Plasma -
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy) at the laboratory of
Biotechnology Fertilization and Special Products of
Centre for Study and Research on Minerals Phosphates
(CERPHOS) Casablanca, Morocco.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The distribution of ETM (Lead, Zinc, Copper,
Cadmium) in shoots and roots of plants is given in
Table 1.
050 Journal of Research in Agriculture (2012) 1: 049-054