Conservation of mass: the total blood volume is (nearly) constant. That means all of the blood passing though the aorta has to equal all of the blood passing though the capillaries in every second! Aorta Cardiac Output = Area*Velocity = Total Area * Velocity
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Conservation of mass: the total blood volume is (nearly) constant. That means all of the blood passing though the aorta has to equal all of the blood passing.
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Conservation of mass: the total blood volume is (nearly) constant.
That means all of the blood passing though the aorta has to equal all of the blood passing though the capillaries in every second!
AortaAorta
Cardiac Output = Area*Velocity = Total Area * Velocity
Figure 44-30
From heart Capillaries Return to heart
Velocity
Total area
Cardiac Output = PA-PV/R R = 8 L/ r4
What is blood?
40% RBC, 60% Plasma
How does the viscosity of blood vary with hematocrit (fraction rbc) ?
hematocrit
0 20 40 60 80
Figure 44-3Closed system: Blood never leaves vessels.
Tubular heart
Single heart
Open system: Hemolymph leaves vessels and comes intodirect contact with tissues.
Other circulatory systems
Open versus closed
Figure 44-23
Interstitial fluid
Excess fluid in interstitialspace enters lymphatic duct Lymph leaves tissue