Computed Tomography (CT, was CAT, Computerized Axial Tomography) rev 2016-02-20 this is now slide 1 do not print it to pdf things to do (check off when complete): add revision date to cover page remove triangles create list for pages to print in the handout 2-10,12-17,20-22,29-31 add captions for photo slides incorporate notes taken during presentation add Key Points page 3 useful characters: ° degrees Ω ohms μ micro checkbox ☑ ☐ slash-zero Ø CO 2 O 2 SpO 2 N 2 O ® ™ trademarks à 224 E0 á 225 E1 â 226 E2 ã 227 E3 ä 228 E4 å 229 E5 æ 230 E6 ç 231 E7 Ð 208 D0 è 232 E8 é 233 E9 ê 234 EA ë 235 EB ì 236 EC í 237 ED î 238 EE ï 239 EF Ñ 209 D1 Ò 210 D2 Ó 211 D3 Ô 212 D4 Õ 213 D5 Ö 214 D6 Ø 216 D8 ß 223 DF Þ 222 DE Ù 217 D9 Ú 218 DA Û 219 DB Ü 220 DC Ý 221 DD Þ 222 DE ß 223 DF
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Computed Tomography(CT, was CAT, Computerized Axial Tomography) rev 2016-02-20 this is now slide 1do…
Key Points Computed Tomography (CT): Know the essential components of a CT scanner (handout image) Know the general idea of how CT scanners capture an image What value do more detectors offer? Understand the principle of Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography (MSCT)
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Computed Tomography (CT, was CAT, Computerized Axial Tomography)rev 2016-02-20this is now slide 1 do not print it to pdf
things to do (check off when complete):
add revision date to cover pageremove trianglescreate list for pages to print in the handout
2-10,12-17,20-22,29-31add captions for photo slidesincorporate notes taken during presentationadd Key Points page 3
Know the essential components of a CT scanner (handout image)
Know the general idea of how CT scanners capture an image
What value do more detectors offer?
Understand the principle of Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography (MSCT)
“Tomography” :an image from many slices (Greek: tomos = slice)
Digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of the body from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.
Time to acquire one CT image: 5 minutes 0.5 seconds
Pixel size: 3 mm x 3 mm 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm
Number of pixels in an image: 6,400 256,000
Early scan, ~1975 Scan, ~2003
Siemens “Definition”scanner: Dual-source CT
Two x-ray tubes are operated at different tube potentials: one at a low energy (e.g. 80 or 100 kV), and the other at a high energy (e.g. 140 kV).
Different tube energies allow for differentiation between materials such as iodine, calcium and uric acid, and is used to distinguish bone or iodinated contrast material, as well as the visualization of blood perfusion.
Dual-energy CT can also be used to identify the composition of materials in the body, and to identify renal stone type or to detect uric acid deposits in joints.
Typical applications for CT:
Chest: Lungs, heart, esophagus, major blood vessels, the tissues in the center of the chest, lung cancer, pulmonary embolism.
Abdomen: Infection, tumors, an aneurysm, foreign objects, bleeding.
Urinary tract: Kidneys, urethra, and bladder (called a KUB). Liver: A CT scan can find liver tumors, liver diseases.
Pancreas.
Gallbladder and bile ducts.
Adrenal glands.
Spleen.
Pelvis: Problems of organs in the pelvis.- Uterus, fallopian tubes, etc- Prostate