COMMUNITY HORTICULTURE FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD … · Page | 4 Arunachal Pradesh situated in the North Eastern (NE) part of India and is located at the foot hills of Himalayas and

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COMMUNITY HORTICULTURE FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD GENERATION UNDER

TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT FUND (TDF)

ANJAW DISTRICT - ARUNACHAL PRADESH (INDIA)

SUPPORTED BY National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)

Arunachal Pradesh Regional Office Bank Tinali VIP Road, Post Box No. 133

Itanagar – 791 111 www.nabard.org

IMPLEMENTED BY National Youth Project (NYP)

1st Floor, Taba Building, Opp: Civil Secretariat E-Sector, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh - 791111

www.nypindia.in

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CONTENT: 1 Project Summary Page 3 2 Project Area Background Page 4 – 7 3 Project Proposal Page 7 - 15 7 Project Phasing (Physical) Page 16 8 Project Management Framework Page 16 - 18 9 Project Implementation Framework Page 18 10 Monitoring & Documentation Framework Page 19 - 21 11 Technical Support Page 21 - 22 12 Post Harvesting & Marketing Framework Page 22 - 23 13 Key Challenges Page 23 - 24 14 Expected Project Outcome Page 25 - 26 15 Project Finances Page 26 16 Sources of Fund Page 26 17 Organisational Information Page 27 - 28

Annexure:

Annexure I Project Implementing Agency Data Sheet Annexure II Project Area Data Sheet

Annexure III Letter of Consent of the Participant Family Annexure IV List of Household Village Wise

Annexure VI Project Activity Schedule Annexure VII Project Cost Estimates

Annexure VIII Base Line Survey Report

List of Abbreviations

NYP National Youth Project NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development

CBO’s Community Based Organizations SHG Self Help Group

KVK Krishi Vigyan Kendra VLC Village Level Committee

CLC Circle Level Committee DLC District Level Committee

TVI Traditional Village Institutions CHFLG Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation

TITLE OF THE PROJECT: COMMUNITY HORTICULTURE FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD GENERATION (CHFLG) IN ANJAW DISTRICT, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

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1. PROJECT SUMMARY:

Name of the Organization NATIONAL YOUTH PROJECT (NYP)

Organizational Legal Status NYP was established in 1999, as a secular voluntary organization. It was registered (Registration No.SR/ITA/4251) in 1999 under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860.

Project Title Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation(CHFLG) in Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh

Project Location Chaglagam, Manchal, Kibitoo, Matengliang, Goiliang, Walong,

Hawai and Hayuliang Blocks, Anjaw District– Arunachal Pradesh

Project Beneficiaries 1016 households from 125 villages of Chaglagam, Manchal, Kibitoo, Matenliang, Goiliang, Walong, Hawai and Hayuliang Blocks in Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh

Project Duration Five Years (Start Date: November 2014 and End Date: October 2019)

Project Budget (Indian Rupees)

Total Project Budget : Rs. 9,63,61,717.36

NABARD Contribution : Rs. 5,97,56,883.28

Farmers Contribution : Rs. 3,66,04,834.08

Project Goal and Objectives Goal:

To improve the livelihood of backward tribal communities

through community farming of horticulture and spice crops

supplemented by allied activities.

To establish replicable model of horticulture farming by

adopting SHLT for improving the uses value of land and

other natural resources.

Objectives:

To reduce the dependence of tribal communities on forests and traditional agriculture by promoting high value cultivation commercial crops suitable to the area such as horticulture and spices.

To promote and establish community based organisation at the grassroot level through the concept of group farming for reducing the cost of production, increasing the output, improving the quality of finished products and ensuring

better bargaining power with the buyers to maximise market prices.

To enhance income of tribal communities by adopting better soil and water conservation measures (SHLT approach) and alternate sources of livelihood such as animal husbandry activities.

NYP Principal Contact

Person

Mr. H.P. Biswas, MA/M.Sc

President/Director

2. PROJECT AREA BACKGROUND: A. Geographical and Ecological Features:

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Arunachal Pradesh situated in the North Eastern (NE) part of India and is located at

the foot hills of Himalayas and shares its borders with China in North, Burma in east,

Bhutan in west and Assam and Nagaland at the south. It is situated between latitude

26° 30' N and 29° 30 ' N and longitude 91° 30' E and 97° 30' E. Arunachal Pradesh is

divided into eighteen districts.

Anjaw is one of the administrative districts of Arunachal Pradesh. It is a newly

created district in the state with Hawai as its district headquarters. Anjaw is the

easternmost district in India. Anjaw is also the second least populous district in India.

The district is bounded by China on the north, Myanmar in the east and Lohit district

in south. Hawai, the headquarter of the district, is situated at an altitude of 1296 m

above the sea level. It is located on the banks of the Lohit river, a tributary of the

mighty Brahmaputrariver.

The history of the district dates back to 1914. The British created North East Frontier

Tract to administer the district. In 1919 the tract was named as the Balipara Frontier

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Tract and the other Sadiya Frontier Tract. The present Lohit &

Namsaidistrict including Anjaw was part of the Sadiya Tract. Anjaw district was

created in 2004 under the Arunachal Pradesh Re-Organisation of Districts

Amendment Bill.

The district is home to varied flora and fauna. Animals like deer, musk deer, hoolock,

squirrel, bear, boar, monkey, and wolf varieties of snake are found in the district. A

pine species, Pinus merkusii is found only in this district which is found nowhere in

the entire Northeastern region. A certain species of flying squirrel named as Mishmi

Hills Giant Flying squirrel Petaurista Mishmiensis is found in this district. The main

rivers of the district are Lohit, Lam, Tidding, Dalai, Krowti, Dichu, Lati, Klung, Dav,

Telua, Ampani and Sarti.

According to 2011 India census, Anjaw district has a total population of 21,089. For

every 1000 male there are 805 female. The average literacy rate of Anjaw is 59.4 %.

Tribal culture is predominant in the Anjaw district. Indigenous and traditional

customs are followed by the people of the district. The main tribe of the district are

the Mishmis and Zekhring. The other important community is the Meyor tribe. They

are the inhabitants of the Walong and Kibithoo circles of the district. The Meyors

celebrate the Losar, Sungkhu, Tsotangpho Wangley, and Tso Tangpo festivals with

pomp and enthusiasm.

Agriculture is the main mode of living of the people. Maize, millet, paddy and beans

are the main agricultural crops. Shifting cultivation is the traditional farming practice

of the tribes. In addition people are also engaged in sericulture, horticulture,

livestock, poultry and handicraft. The main horticultural products are large

cardamom, orange, pears, apple, and plum. The Mishmi tribe is known for their

weaving and handicrafts. Cane & bamboo crafts and different types of costumes are

made by the tribes.

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ANJAW DISTRICT Physical Characteristics

Geographical area 6190 sq km Climate Varies between Sub tropical and temperate Elevation Varies between 1296 mean sea level (Hawaii ) & 750 mean sea level

(Hayuliang) 1258 mtrs mean sea level (Chaglagam), 1094 mtrs mean sea level (Walong), 1305 mtrs mean sea level (Kibitoo),

Precipitation Mean annual precipitation ranges from 2700 to 4300 mm Topography Varies between summits and ridges, steep to moderately sloped slopes and

inter-hill valleys

Land Use /Land Cover

Unclassified State Forest (1701.799 sp km), Non-Agricultural Use

(732.248 ha), Cultivated land-Rainfed (24.646 ha), Cultural wasteland

(2671 ha), Miscellaneous Tree crops (105,964 ha)

Irrigation Gross Area Irrigated 2.64 hectare (Statistical Abstract of A.P 2011) Land Ownership Community

Socio-Economic Characteristics Population 21089 Literacy Rate 59.46 percent B.P.L 75.24 percent Economic activity 90% population in rural areas are dependent on Agriculture, Horticulture,

Animal Husbandry and other traditional activities like weaving, wood craft work, etc

Main Agricultural products

Maize, Millet, Paddy &Beans

Land use pattern Forest, Jhuming and Horticulture Source: Department of Economics &Statistics, Itanagar (2007); Directorate of Agriculture, Itanagar (2007), Statistical Abstract, Itanagar (2007), Arunachal Pradesh

B. Recent Socio Economic Developments in the Project Area: Traditionally the tribal community practised subsistence agriculture. They were also

dependent on forests for fulfilment of their needs as well as income. Gradually

timber logging became a major source of income for them. The imposition of a ban

on timber logging by Supreme Court in 1996 resulted in depletion of income of the

tribals.

With depletion of source of income, the dependence of tribals on agriculture

increased. Since the type of agriculture practised by tribals was primitive in nature,

the only scope of enhancing income levels was by increasing the area under

cultivation. This resulted in increase in area under jhum cultivation. With increasing

pressure on land, the cycle of jhum cultivation - which was earlier 15–20 yearsand

which provided enough time for rejuvenation of fertility of land – stands reduced to

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2–3 years cycle.This has resulted in low yields. As a consequence, the income levels

of the majority of the tribals in the area have stagnated at low levels. Since industrial

development in the area is absent, alternative employment opportunities are absent.

Government employment avenues are also limited. Hence there is a need to bring in a

project which would not only enhance income of the tribals but would do so in a

sustainable manner. It would also restore the ecological balance lost due to reduction

in jhum cycle.

Incidentally another recent development in Anjaw district has been the introduction of

large cardamom cultivation. The crop was introduced in the district in the year 2007 –

08. NYP promoted the cultivation of large cardamom through Farmers’ Clubs

promoted under NABARD’s Farmers’ Club programme. The effort bore excellent

results with FC members registering sales worth Rs. 1.76 crore in the year 2011 – 12.

This was recognised and appreciated by the State Government. This has encouraged

other farmers in the entire district to take up cultivation of large cardamom. This

provides an excellent base for implementing a project under TDF in the area.

3. PROJECT PROPOSAL:

Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation (CHFLG) project proposal

is prepared by NYP in response to the “in principle” approval of the concept paper

submitted by NYP under Tribal Development Fund (TDF) on Community Horticulture

Farming (CHFLG) by National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).

Cultivation of large cardamom, apple, orange, kiwi and plum will be the core

component of the project. The project will be implemented in 125 villages of 8

circles of Anjaw district and will directly benefit 1016 households from Zakhring,

Meyor and Mishmi tribes of Arunachal Pradesh. The project will able to contribute in

formation, organization and graduation of more than 50 community based

organizations (CBOs) and also appropriately integrate various Tribal Village

Institutions (TVIs) for the implementation of Scientific Horticultural Land Technology

(SHLT) approach. The details of the proposal are as follows:-

3.1. PROJECT COMPONENTS:

a. Horticulture

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Climatic conditions of the uplands of Anjaw districts are favourable for the

cultivation of several types of horticultural crops like large cardamom, orange, apple,

kiwi and plum etc. NYP had consultation with various agencies like Deparment of

Horticulture, Spice Board of India, Farmers, etc. They suggested for mixed farming

practice in the area. The Department of Horticulture, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh

suggested following suitable crops for cultivation in the district:-

The feasibilities and potentialities of horticultural crops in Anjaw district

Sl. No. Name of Circle/Blocks Name of Crops

1 Kibitoo 1. Apple 2. Plum 3. Persimmom 4. Pears

2 Walong 1. Apple 2. Kiwi 3. Large Cardamom 4. Plum 5. Pears 6. Peach

3 Hawai 1. Apple 2. Kiwi 3. Large Cardamom 4. Plum 5. Orange 6. Pears

4 Manchal 1. Large Cardamom 2. Orange 3. Apple

5 Goiliang 1. Apple 2. Kiwi 3. Large Cardamom 4. Plum 5. Orange

6 Hayuliang 1. Large Cardamom 2. Orange 3. Kiwi 4. Plum 5. Banana 6. Pine apple

7 Chaglagam 1. Large cardamom 2. Apple 3. Kiwi 4. Plum 5. Pears 6. Peach

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Species/Varieties suitable to the area:

Large Cardamom Below 1500 m MSL 1500 – 5500 m MSL

Sawney/Ramla Ramsey / Varlangey

Apple Red Delicious

Orange Khasi Mandarin

Kiwi Brono, Monti, Heyward

Plum Santa Rosa, Green Gage

On the basis of the findings of the base line survey, the farmers showed

preference for cultivation of large cardamom, in which many of them already

have some experience. The economic life of the plant is 6-7 years and it starts

giving yield from the 3rd year onwards. As there is a huge demand for the

production and agencies come to the doorstep of the farmers for buying the

harvested output, the poor farmers showed inclination for taking up large

cardamom as the principal crop. However, for sustainability of their income

beyond 6-7 years, i.e., the life span of large cardamom, it is proposed that

each acre of wadi should be divided into plots of half acre each, one for large

cardamom and the other for fruit plants. Two models of fruit plants are

suggested – one for a mix of apple and kiwi for the higher altitudes and

another for a mix of orange and plum for the lower altitudes.

b. Soil conservation measures

As the entire area is hilly the plants are required to be planted along the

contour across the slopes. This is preferred due to possibility of soil erosion

and difficulty of irrigation of the orchard. In this system land erosion is

minimise and soil moisture is conserve for growing fruit crops. The contour

line is required to be design and graded in such a way that the flow of

watering in the irrigation channel becomes slow and thus finds time to

penetrate into the soil without causing erosion. As majority parts of the land

do not have steep slopes it is suggested to be create terrace cum bunds for

the plot meant for the fruit plants. Based on a distance of six m between the

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plants and the hedges and vertical distance between two rows approximately

300 m of TcB (Terrace cum Bound) is suggested per plot of wadi.

c. Water resource development

The average annual rainfall in the project area is 3000-3500 mm. During the

rainy season of June to September there is no requirement of irrigation in the

entire locality. However in the summer month of April and May irrigation is

required by the fruit trees when they grow taller and taller. Accordingly it is

important to provide a secured supply of irrigation water. It is proposed to

create a micro water harvesting tank in each wadi and provide 100 m of PVC

pipe line to the farmers for this purpose. This also proposes to adopt pot drip

irrigation system for the fruit plants in each wadi by placing small reuse

plastic/tin containers near each fruit tree.

d. Promotion of Producers’ Cooperatives

The farmers are unable to realise optimal value from their produce due to

lack of organisation. Individually they resort to distress sale due to lack of

storage, primary processing and marketing facilities, which required adoption

of latest low cost technology. Similar is the case with off farm activities like

handlooms, as individually they are not able to compete with the factory

made products. Through better organisation, farmers/producers can utilise

scale to gain more selling power for their produce/products. Forming a

producer’s organisation can facilitate access to timely and adequate finance,

built capacity and provide linkages to markets. Accordingly it is proposed to

create awareness among the farmers for formations of producer’s

organisations, provide training and exposure to them, and facilitate

registration related activities in these regard and build capacity for better

marking skills.

e. Women Development

Women traditionally involved in farming, vegetable cultivation and weaving.

In order to provide supplementary livelihood opportunities to the women

members of the families it is proposed to provide low cost fly shuttle looms

and impact related training for production clothes and traditional dresses. It

is also propose to form SHGs/JLGs in this regard.

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(Proposed to provide Fly Shuttle Loom to Women member of the family)

f. Health and sanitation measures

Improved health is essential for sustainable livelihood generation it is

proposed to provide low cost water filters to each family which will ensure

that the safe drinking water after removal of soil related dirt. Also it is

proposed organise health awareness camps from time to time in the project

area.

g. Innovative interventions

At present the farmers resort to drying of cardamom by way of fire and

smoke, by which the colour, test and quality of cardamom is adversely

affected. It is propose to provide low cost drying machines operated by an

easy fuel. Four such units are propose to be install at strategic locations

keeping transport related convenient of the farmers in mind. Further success

of any project of long duration in nature involving many components of

interventions requires continuous monitoring and feedback from field level

and creating a database to analyse the developments for assessments of

progress bis-a-bis the plan. Analysis of such data should be used for taking

remedial measures if necessary. Accordingly it is proposed to use modern

digital technology in this regard. Digital pens and forms will be provided to

the clusters/field coordinators for capturing such data which will ultimately

be analysed in the computer after successful uploading through mobile

technology

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3.2. VILLAGE SELECTION:

Road connectivity in Anjaw district is not very good. Metalled roads for smooth

transportation and monitoring of the project villages located along the district road

were preferred. This would also help in marketing their farm products and facilitate

movement of perishable items like orange and other fruits to bigger commercial

markets. Once the project stabilises NYP proposes to cover more villages of the

district. On the basis of field survey the NYP team has selecte2d 1016 participant

family from 125 villages under 8 circles of the district.

Village Location

7 Cluster Location

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3.3. BENEFICIARY SELECTION:

Participants comprise tribal households who are mainly dependent on agriculture. During

selection of beneficiaries preference was given to poorer households. A few progressive

farmers were also selected as they would be able to guide the other farmers and

would act as role models in the village. Such farmers are expected to play an

important role in implementation and success of the project.

Village wise List of Participant Family

S.No CIRCLE HAMLET VILLAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL POPULATION

NO. OF PARTICIPANT

FAMILY

PROJECT GROUP

1. Kibitoo Walong (No-1)

Kibitoo 26 47 11 1

2. Kahao 9 52 6

3. Yakung 11 66 7 2

4. Kundan 4 22 4

5. Namti 1 7 1

6. Walong Dong 5 26 2 3

7. Tillam 2 9 2 8. Tinai 6 22 2

9. Walong Village 6 31 6

10. Walong H.Q 69 132 17 4

11. Sethi 4 21 4 5

12. Wati 8 51 8 13. Bah 6 25 2 6 14. Sarti 11 66 8

15. Yasong 6 33 2

16. Kalin 8 51 4 7

17. Halla 10 63 8

18. Khampti Pani 9 54 5

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S.No CIRCLE HAMLET VILLAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL POPULATION

NO. OF PARTICIPANT

FAMILY

PROJECT GROUP

19. Hawai Chengnuity (No-2)

Samdul 7 40 7 8

20. Changlang 8 49 5

21. Pranju 4 21 2 9 22. Sung 8 39 4

23. Krosang 7 36 2 24. Nukung 9 47 5

25. Krowty 7 41 7 10

26. Mangkung 8 42 8

27. Changdun 8 41 2

28. Chengnuity 9 42 2

29. Surnung 6 33 5

30. Kherang 8 43 8 11

31. Ruti 8 40 8

32. Kandai 13 61 13 12

33. Kritong 8 45 8 13

34. Tamblu 15 96 14 35. Kalai 17 93 9 14

36. Lautul 27 141 20

37. Hawai Hawai (No-3)

Charnai 12 77 11 15

38. Wahal 15 88 9

39. Perho 5 19 1 16

40. Blong 17 85 8 41. Longling 20 103 14

42. Chunyu 9 62 4

43. Shargung 9 49 3

44. Marbow 6 37 4

45. Kamdi 11 56 10 17 46. Watong 25 151 21 18

47. Walla 30 176 29 19

48. Ngi 21 101 11 20

49. Changung 19 94 17 21

50. Manchal Manchal (No-4)

Randam 6 31 6 22

51. Kubiang 19 84 9 52. Manjuliang 23 97 7 23

53. Manjuglat 6 36 4 54. Manchal 23 112 21 24

55. Kambing 1 3 1

56. Hutong 12 67 6 57. Phanglonglat 6 28 4

58. Towa 9 51 9 25

59. Pangung 9 47 4

60. Yatong 12 60 3

61. Tehuliang 19 98 5

62. Goiliang Goiliang (N0-5)

Niliang 1 4 1 26

63. Room 2 18 2

64. Goiliang 28 112 19

65. Danglat 6 28 5 27

66. Kasanglat 12 69 16

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S.No CIRCLE HAMLET VILLAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL POPULATION

NO. OF PARTICIPANT

FAMILY

PROJECT GROUP

67. Braptong 6 29 11 28

68. Tapang 17 68 12

69. Prayumna 4 23 2 29

70. Kanguliang 13 52 8

71. Langom 5 30 2 72. Ritiliang 8 37 7

73. Gamliang 5 23 5

74. Chaglagam Metengliang (No-6)

Taflagam 29 122 29 30

75. Abohagam 9 42 11 31

76. Aphumna 16 74 16 32

77. Khalega/Matengliang

15 56 6 33

78. Chipra 5 24 5

79. Mailiang 17 91 17 34

80. Mithumna 15 81 19 35

81. Bomna 7 35 7 36

82. Chakka 15 79 15 83. Metengliang 38 190 25 37

84. Hamanliang 6 35 6 38

85. Tolai 3 11 3 86. Hamako 5 9 5

87. Huwaka 7 39 6

88. Chipru 20 107 19 39 89. Bajigam 7 41 5 40

90. Tegamna 17 74 17

91. Tamkadu 6 27 6 41

92. Kalamna 5 23 3

93. Tarampa 5 24 5 94. Khlega 6 21 6

95. Tablaiko 7 27 7

96. Hayuliang Hayuliang (No-7)

Chirang 15 75 15 42

97. Suplaing 19 95 19 43

98. Malemna 8 40 8 44

99. Kasaigum 7 35 7 100. Tumna 11 55 11 45

101. Chameliang 20 104 19 102. Chamemna 7 36 7 46

103. Kongra 8 40 8

104. Amliang 5 25 5 105. Tololiang 5 26 5 47

106. Kabragam 4 17 4

107. Kama 7 35 7

108. Blom 4 17 4

109. Chikri 3 14 2

110. Changraliang 4 22 2 111. Mele 3 19 3

112. Nenuliang 7 37 7 48

113. Thamtong 4 21 4

114. Tafraliang 23 105 5

115. Rangam 9 51 9

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S.No CIRCLE HAMLET VILLAGE TOTAL HOUSEHOLD

TOTAL POPULATION

NO. OF PARTICIPANT

FAMILY

PROJECT GROUP

116. Khibom 2 10 2

117. Zapaliang 2 13 2

118. Lamaliang 9 53 6

119. Naraliang 25 125 25 49

120. Mohikong 6 30 6 50 121. Khupa 15 76 8

122. Paya 12 66 12

123. Barafu 10 61 10

124. Klamdi 9 48 9

125. Khugam 5 21 3

126. 8 7 125 1510 7501 1011

1016 participant family selected from 125 villages. Nearby villages of a area further

assign to a group name. Further few groups make a cluster. Thus it is proposed to

distribute all the selected household into 7 cluster for better implementation and

monitoring of the project. Detail name of the participant family are in Annexure - IV

3.4. PROJECT PHASING (PHYSICAL):

The project will be implemented over 6 years each model of wadi will be split into

two batches as per detail given below. The batch size in the first year is higher than

the second year as the villages covered in batch one are easily accessible from the

main road. Implementations in all these villages have to be taken in one go in order

to avoid social tensions which may arise if any villages in the contiguous zone are not

taken with other village in the same zone. The villages in the second batch will be

those clusters which are located further from the main road. The list of the villages

to be covered in different batches given in the Annexure V.

Sl No. MODELS FIRST YEAR SECOND YEAR GRAND TOTAL

1 Apple+Kiwi+Cardamom 185 108 293

2 Orange+Plum+Cardamom 471 252 723

GRAND TOTAL 656 360 1016

3.5. PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK:

The project office will be located in Hayuliang and will be headed by the Project

Coordinator who will oversee the implementation of the project. He will be assisted

by Project Horticulturist, Project Associate, Clusters Coordinators and Office

Assistant. The project coordinator will report to NYP-HO at Itanagar who would

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provide guidance to the project coordinator.Apart from placement of the full time

staff for the project it will set up Community Based Organisation (CBO), Tribal Village

Institutes (TVI), Project Group (PG), district level committee, Formation of Farmers

Club, Formation of Self Help Group in the project groups.

PIA STRUCTURE:

Staffing and position description:

Position Qualification Position Summary

Project Coordinator

M.Sc(Biotech) This position will report to NYP-HO Manager based in Itanagar. Responsible and accountable for the

Overall project implementation and overall project performance management;

Oversee coordination between staff and primary and secondary stakeholders;

Liaise with secondary stakeholders and ensure linkages to the primary stakeholders;

Facilitate capacity development of staff and stakeholders;

Facilitate project planning, implementation, monitoring, reporting, etc;

Ensure analysis and presentation of project results;

Ensure proper financial management Project Horticulturist

M.Sc(Horti) This position will report to Project Coordinator and provide overall NRM related guidance to project team, primary and secondary stakeholders. Responsible for the NRM aspects of the project.

Project Associate

B.Com/BA/Bsc This position will report to Project Coordinator and ensure compliance to the NYP’s financial manual as well as adhere to donor requirements. Responsible for overall finance management for the project.

Cluster Coordinator

(7)

High School These positions will report primarily to the Horticulturist and will be primarily responsible for working with communities and community organizations. Ensure completion of day to day execution of activities in the field. These positions shall be based at the block level and will spend 80 percent time working with the primary stakeholders.

Driver cum Middle School This position will report to project accountant and will

NYP HO

Project Coordinator

Project Associate Project Horticulturist

Driver cum Office Assistant

Cluster Coordinators

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Office Assistant

ensure vehicle operations and maintenance and shall also provide assistance to project administration, logistics and any other aspects.

VILLAGE LEVEL STRUCTURE:

Structure of People’s Institutions

People’s institution

Composition Women Representation

Roles and Responsibilities

District Level Committee

One Member from One Circle

(Minimum 30%) Coordinate among CLC, VLC and PIA. Essential link between PI’s and government organizations

Circle Level Committee (VLC)

7 Members (Number of CLCs:7)

(Minimum 30%) Facilitate project and beneficiaries for the development of village level and perspective plans.

Village Level Committee (VLC)

10-30 members (Number of VLCs: 50)

(Minimum 30%) Organize members, participate and contribute for project activities. Responsible for operation, maintenance and management of project interventions.

3.6. IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK:

The proposed project will be implemented over a five-year period in 125 villages (50

Village Level Committee) of Chaglagam, Metengliang, Goiliang, Walong, Kibtoo,

Manchal, Hawai and Hayuliang blocks in Anjaw district, Arunachal Pradesh. All the

villages are situated along the district road. The project will have three phases – the

first phase will be the preparatory phase with focus on community mobilization; the

DISTRICT LEVEL COMMITTEE

CIRCLE LEVEL COMMITTEE

Village Level Committee

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second phase will focus on detail project design and execution; and the third and

final phase will focus on value addition and increase in horticultural productivity.

The formation of Project Groups will be the key method through which the project

activities will be implemented and maintained. The formation and training of the PGs

will be taken up by experienced personnel’s, organizations, institutions and

departments like KVK, Spice Board, Department of Horticulture, etc. The PGs will

comprise of members who will benefit directly from the project activities. The

detailed activity schedule is given in Annexure - VIII.

3.7. MONITORING & DOCUMENTATION FAMEWORK:

Appropriate formats will be designed for collection of data to enable effective

monitors. The details are as follows:-

(i) Cluster Coordinator: The role of Cluster Coordinator are:

a. Will maintain field wise data. Data will be collected at specified intervals.

b. Submit monthly report to Project Coordinator Office.

c. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.

d. Organise meeting of Village Level Committee and members and secured

minutes of the meetings.

e. Besides all above Cluster Coordinator ensured quality monitoring of the

project by adopting points like as:-

Whether the farmers have prepared their land for planting

Whether the arrangements have been made for input supply

Whether inputs meet the quality standards

Whether all the farmers have received inputs and utilised the same

Whether the cultural operations planned for calendar year have been

completed

What is the status of maintenance

Whether all the farmers have impounded adequate water for

irrigation

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Any outbreak of pests and diseases

What is level of adoption of new technologies introduced and their

success

Whether activity is being implemented as per annual work plan

Also all the field staff will get digital cameras for photography on geo-

tagging mode for documentation and monitoring. They will take photos,

videos etc activities started with field clearance to marketing of the

products in digital equipment like digital pen. Field extension staff will

prepare an activity monitoring report and activity completion report. All

the activity monitoring and completion reports submitted by the field

guides will be cross checked and validated by the project coordinator.

(ii) Project Associate:

a. Will prepare database of the submitted reports from the field

b. Report to Project Coordinator.

c. Attend to office work.

(iii) Project Horticulturist:

a. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.

b. Visit fields on sample basis.

c. Visits to villages and farming project plot for demonstration and

guidance.

d. Report to Project Coordinator on on-going basis.

(iv) Project Coordinator:

a. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.

b. Ensure collection and submission of field level data regularly.

c. Report to H.O on monthly basis.

Introduction of Digital Pen: A digital pen is an input device which captures

the handwriting or brush strokes of a user, converts handwritten analog

information created using "pen and paper" into digital data, enabling the

data to be utilized in various applications. For example, the writing data can

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be digitized and uploaded to a computer and displayed on its monitor. The

data can then be interpreted by handwriting software and used in different

applications or just as graphics. A digital pen is generally larger and has more

features than a stylus. Digital pens typically contain internal electronics and

have features such as touch sensitivity, input buttons, and memory, writing

data transmission capabilities, and electronic erasers and camera. NYP will

introduce this pen for collection of data from the field.

(Digital Pen for collection of data)

Anoto provides a unique technology that computerized pen companies can use to enhance

their products. Developed by Swedish inventor Christer Fåhræus in 1996, Anoto is a type of

computer code on paper in the form of tiny dots. It is viewed by a camera inside the pen

located behind the ballpoint. This code tells the pen where it is located on a page at any

given time. The camera also keeps track of penstrokes, and as a result, it is able to keep track

of what is being written. In creating forms, the Anoto technology is coded to be unique for

each sheet of paper so that when an individual is filling out a printed form with a

computerized pen, the information collected can be matched with its electronic counterpart

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on a computer just by syncing the pen with the computer. In addition, many of the pens also

have optical character recognition abilities, which convert hand-written words to text with

about 90% accuracy.

3.8. TECHNICAL SUPPORT:

NYP has appointed horticulturist, bio technologist and other manpower who can

handle the project efficiently. Besides technical support will sought from the

agencies like KVK, Metengliang, Spice Board of India, Department of

Horticulture/Agriculture Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Rajiv Gandhi University, etc.

The role of each stakeholder are as follows:-

Role of Various Stakeholders: Activity Probable Organizations Area of Expertise

Improved Practices on Agri-Horticulture/ Medicinal Plants

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Metelgliang, Deptt. Of Horticulture, Hawai

Research on cultivation practices of horticultural. Trainings on cultivation practices and capacity building of local community

Soil and Water conservation measures

G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development (GBPIHED) etc. Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar. Arunachal University, Namsai

Shifting cultivation in hilly Eastern Ghats

Processing of Horticulture based produce

Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing & Processing Board, Itanagar

Linkages with organizations dealing with processing of fruit processing in the region

Marketing of Horticulture based Produce

Arunachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing & Processing Board, Itanagar. Committee (MSME, Agro, forest, and rural based Industries),

Linkages with concerned bodies of finance and commerce for the promotion of rural farm/forest based industries

Livestock Development Department of Animal Husbandry, Hawai Agricultural Technology Management Agency, Hayuliang

Trainings on rearing of livestock as source of income generation in rural areas

Ecological Restoration G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development (GBPIHED) etc. Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal University, Namsai

Awareness building on ecological degradation and need for restoration practices Ecological restoration activities most suited for upland areas

3.9. POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING FRAMEWORK:

Scientific post harvest management is critical to prevent post harvest losses and

to ensure remunerative prices to the farmers. Traditionally farmers in the area

are using firewood for drying of cardamom which results in loss of quality,

quantity and colour. Consequently farmers incur losses. Proper drying of large

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cardamom is therefore essential to reduce losses and ensure better prices.

Hence modern drying machines will be installed at four suitable locations in the

project area. Scientific storage would also be ensured in the project. A market

survey would be carried out to analyze market channels. NYP would also

organise exhibitions and buyers sellers meets regularly. NYP would also explore

the possibilities of organising Rural Haats at Village Level for promotion and

marketing of the products.

(Traditional way of drying large cardamom)

(Modern Drying Machine for large Cardamom)

4. KEY CHALLENGES AND ISSUES:

Land ownership Vs proposed interventions - Resistance from VLCs:

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In a tribal community, the role of TVIs is of paramount importance. They not only

own all land in the village but also represent the tribal communities in the

government structure. Resistance from VLCs could inhibit the initial utilization of

land for alternate uses. NYP proposes to maintain the role and authority of VLCs

while creating community based people’s institutions for the implementation of

project activities. Appointment of members from VLCs as representatives in people’s

institutions would ensure integration of their traditional roles and responsibilities

with the project activities.

Natural disasters and calamities:

Productivity of horticultural based activities with improved cultivation practices

could still be affected due to natural disasters and calamities. These calamities may

include outbreak of pests and crop diseases, forest fire, landslide, earthquake,

floods, epidemic outbreak, etc. NYP proposes the development of linkages with

government and other relevant institutions to minimize the risk as well as overcome

rapid recovery from the disasters. The project will incorporate risk mitigation

measures in the project activities and households will be provided necessary

awareness and education on this.

Inflation:

Income generation depends on the market value of the produce. To reduce

variations due to fluctuating market values, a combination of crops would be

cultivated. The adoption of a mixed cropping system would not only reduce the

direct impact of market prices on income generated but also ensure production of

essential food material without completely shifting to non-food based varieties.

Middlemen/Brokers:

Although tribal communities possess immense traditional knowledge on cultivation

practices and extraction and use of some crops like large cardamom, low levels of

education and a general ignorance among them on the economic values of their

produce leave them vulnerable to exploitation by middlemen and brokers.

Middlemen often purchase the produce, with tribal communities being paid a

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pittance. In order to eliminate the role of middlemen (who stand the loss of great

profits), NYP proposes the capacity building of community based VLC and CLC’s. The

capacity of these institutions would be built to develop an understanding on the

economic values of their produce. Training on financial management, creation of

processing units and marketing of their produce to relevant organizations would be

provided.

5. EXPECTED PROJECT OUTCOMES:

I. Reduced dependence on forests through community strengthening on better practices:

Through various training modules meant for different groups (project

groups/village committees/cooperatives) the community would develop an

understanding on need for various natural resource management measures

and the skill to implement them. Management of financial resources would

also be imparted through various modules. Through project activities the

capacities of 1016 households would be developed to adopt better cultivation

practices, soil and water conservation measures, ecological restoration, etc.

II. Income Generation through Diversified Activities:

Through the generation of income from tree based horticultural activities

would be ensured a sustainable source of income. Also the promotion of

livestock rearing and sale and processing of its products would generate

additional sources of income. It is estimated that 1016 acres of land would be

brought under the cultivation of tree based farming practices and hence

better cultivation practices and soil and water conservation measures and

training on various other income generating activities. Income from activities

shall increase by the end of the project.

III. Food Security:

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The additional income that would be generated through sale of

horticultureproducts would help increase the purchasing power of local

communities.

IV. Marketing of Farm Produce:

The direct sales of farm produce (horticulture produce) by communities

would ensure an additional income for 1016 families by eliminating the loss

of income to middlemen and brokers.

V. Reduction in Ecological degradation through adoption of better natural resource management practices: Through proposed tree based farming practices, the communities would be

assured a regular source of income. Mixed farming practices (cultivation two

or more varieties of crops in a single plot) with improved soil and water

conservation measures (application of organic manure, drip and other forms

of irrigation etc.) would also assist in increasing soil fertility lost over the

years due to shifting cultivation practices. It is estimated that at least 40% of

the land identified as degraded in the project villages would be brought

under better cultivation practices and soil and water conservation measures.

VI. Climate Change mitigations:

Forests serve as important sink of atmospheric carbon-dioxide. Accordingly

forest management and silviculture are likely to influence carbon

sequestration by trees, the reaction of forests to climate change and the

forest services provided to local populations. Proposed activities will assist in

both reducing degradation of forests through better and sustainable

cultivation practices and as counteracting existing deforestation through

proposed community based afforestation activities. It is estimated that at

least 45% of degraded forests would be brought under afforestation.

VII. Women Empowerment:

The level of literacy among tribal women is very low and their participation in

several development programs is poor. To facilitate women development,

two broad approaches will be adopted. One is empower through income

generation and the other through active participation in community based

organizations.1016 or more women from 1016 households would be provided

training in better cultivation practices, handloom, livestock rearing etc.Their

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knowledge on health and sanitation, consumption of healthy and hygienic

food would also have improved. Elected women forming Village Planning

committee would be provided capacity development in decision making,

allocation of funds, developing linkages with relevant government bodies, etc.

6. PROJECT FINANCES:

Refer to Annexure VII for detailed project budget

7. SOURCES OF FUNDING:

i. NABARD TDF Support : Rs. 5,97,56,883.28

ii. Farmers Contribution : Rs. 3,66,04,834.08

iii. Total Project Cost : Rs. 9,63,61,717.36

8. ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION:

NYP as the Socio-technical organization is dedicated to providing short- and long-

term institutional and technical support to organizations engaged in efforts to

alleviate hunger, poverty and discrimination. Through the provision of quality

technical assistance on a recurrent basis to its partner institutions, it aims to ensure

that development programs implemented by these organizations will have the best

chance of improving the lives and livelihoods of their constituents. Government of

Arunachal Pradesh has recognized NYP as the reputed and leading organisation in

the state.

NYP supports institutional capacity building to achieve sustained impact. It provides

services in diverse regions of India. NYP has worked in more than 20 states and

union territories of India. Additionally, drawing on diverse technical backgrounds,

skills and experience, the staff of NYP brings a holistic perspective to this support.

The technical assistance provided by NYP is of the highest quality and based on

informed state of the art guidance and solutions from past lessons learned and the

current development experience. NYP provides a bridge between research and

practice and brings high quality experience, tools, perspectives and training on a

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long- term basis to assist institutions to achieve their development objectives. The

core strength of NYP lies in connecting research to people and bringing people’s

perceptions to policy makers. Its reach and operation at the grassroots level,

excellent working relations with district and sub-district level officials and research

institutes puts it in a unique position to execute both top-down and bottom-up

approaches for outreach and capacity building. NYP works with communities to

develop low-cost options for food security and rural livelihoods of poor women and

men. It has increasingly engaged in the climate change and disaster risk reduction

agenda, and sees this as a strategic program area for the foreseeable future.

NYP has been identified as a Technical Support Institute by the Indian Institute of

Entrepreneurship and Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises for capacity

building for Integrated Participatory Model. NYP conducts this integrated district

level planning exercise in 52 districts of India, which provides NYP with a unique

position to help ensure integration of climate risk management in such planning.

NYP has worked in particular with the GOI Department of Science and Technology,

and the Ministries of Agriculture, Social Justice & Empowerment, Rural

Development, and Environment and Forestry.

NYP receives considerable support from different State Governments including the

Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Govt. of West Bengal, and the other Govt. in North

Eastern states. NYP also works with several corporations (national and international)

who have shown interest in NYP’s community level work e.g. SODEXO, Mott

MacDonald, VISTA Int, Anusha Agro, Khadi Gramudyog Sang, Saharanpur, AGA and

others. NYP has worked with several bilateral agencies e.g. from Malaysia, Sri Lanka,

Canada, USA, and multilateral agencies such as UNDP, UNV, WAY, AYC.

NYP has undertaken over 100 medium to large scale projects in NE region on natural

resources management, food security and livelihood. NYP is the lead of consortium

for the CM Livelihood Mission School in Arunachal Pradesh. This project is funded by

Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh. In Arunachal Pradesh, NYP has rendered socio-technical

services for all the 17 districts with 54 functional centres for over all economic

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upliftment of the people in the state.(Refer to Appendix I: PIA’s profile for more

details).