Community Diagnosis Em

7/30/2019 Community Diagnosis Em

1/29

I. IntroductionA community is a group of interacting people, living in some proximity (i.e. space, time or

relationship). It usually refers to a social unit larger than a household that shares common values

and has social cohesion. It continually exists because of the peoples harmonious relationship

and mutual urge to keep living. In a community, several sectors coexist together for the people

and inhabitants of it to live comfortably and safely. These sectors are run by people inside the

community, the environment where a community lives also affects the lives of the people, it

affects their ways of life, coping mechanisms, practices and beliefs of its inhabitants. In line with

this thought, it is safe to say that no community is exactly the same with another community.

People comprise a community, and it is inevitable that there are differences in the ways and

beliefs of each individual. Individual differences, as they say it, some people in the community

are well off and some are not. Though living inside the same community, different people from

all walks of life can be found here and this is one of the factors that make a community unique in

its own way. These several factors mentioned are what make a community a community.

There are ways to evaluate the condition of an existing community, one of which is through a

community diagnosis.

A community diagnosis is a comprehensive assessment of the health status of a community

in relation to its social, physical and biological environment. The purpose of a community

diagnosis is to define existing problems, determine available resources, and set priorities for

planning, implementing and evaluating health actions, by and for the community. A community

diagnosis is carried out through collection of data from the people of the community under

evaluation, to provide pertinent information to be analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively to be


2/29

able to arrive to certain conclusions and identification of problems in the community. Give

possible recommendation to be implemented to ensure the well being of the people in the

community.

General Objective:

To be able to identify certain community problems affecting the people inside it through

data gathering procedures and be able to arrive at certain conclusions and give recommendations

to address the identified problems.

Specific Objectives:

To choose a baranggay with possible unaddressed problems in terms of its social,physical and biological aspect.

Gather data from the people and different sectors to provide information and datapertinent to the community diagnosis.

Determine existing problems inside the community to be able to address them.

Formulate conclusions based on the data gathered from the community. State recommendations that will address the identified problems in the community.

Methodology

To be able to get right number of sample to represent the whole population of the chosen

baranggay, Slovins formula was used.


3/29

From this sample, a survey was conducted to gather data. A questionnaire was formulated

as a tool to aid in the data gathering procedure.

Interview of some people and officials of the baranggay was also conducted for

additional information.

Secondary data were also gathered from the records of the Baranggay Health Midwife

from the Baranggay Health Station. Same type of data were also gathered from records of the

baranggay from its officials.

Prior to the actual data gathering, several procedures were undertaken, from asking for

the consent of the Municipal Health Officer as our head of office to informing and asking for

the permission of the authorities of the baranggay under study, to observe proper protocols.

Limitations

This evaluation through a community diagnosis is primarily focused in Brgy. Siuton, a

baranggay in the municipality of Magallanes. It is one of its 34 baranggays, one of the biggest

and one of the most populated.

This community diagnosis is focused on the people withn the area of Brgy. Siuton, the

different sectors within it, including the peoples practices, ways and beliefs from the olden days

up to present.

It is only limited to the factors and people within the area of Brgy. Siuton.


4/29

II. Target Community ProfileHistorical Background

The legend of Siuton has many versions. The reason perhaps is that, the legend has been

told and retold by people. Some added facts, others omit, and a few made their own. However,

the original legend still survives.

It was on the Spanish era when various pirates roamed around in search for a good settlement

that Siuton came to be.

Many believed that once, a group of Muslim pirates came across a narrow route. Curious

about where this route was leading, they asked the inhabitants of a nearby place about it. They

found that nobody knows where it was leading, for the route was too narrow for a vessel to pass.

Fearless and adventurous, the Muslim pirates tried to cross the route, until they found an

uninhabited place. The place was rich with natural resources and its invigorating breeze invited

the pirates to settle in her virgin lands.

The Muslim pirates enjoyed life in their new found abode. The need for name of their

home arose. As they ponder on what name should they give the place, they recalled the one-way

route that brought them to the peaceful place with abundant foods. They decided to name the

place PIOTON meaning narrow. As months turned into years and years to centuries, numerous

groups of people inhabited the place and the name Pioton became SIUTON up to this

writing.

Siuton, besdes its being a tourist spot because of its famous rivers, is a historical place.

For it was here that the first mass in Mainland Luzon was held in the year 1569. In fact, Merito


5/29

Espinas, a Bicol Culture professor, and a group of priests came to commemorate the said event

on July 15, 1978. A beautiful landmark worth one thousand two hundred pesos was put up

through the leadership of late Barangay Captain Jose C. Carrascal Jr. and was blessed by Msgr.

Arcilla.

The story behind this historical event is, once a group of Franciscan Friars were trapped

in their journey by a strong typhoon in the midst of China Sea. The water over- flooded the sea.

Their hope for survival was almost nil for they couldnt peep shelter. As they sailed, they came

across a river whose other side seemed to be safe for a sojourn. They tried to cross it amidst great

difficulties. It was upon this that they set foot on the land of Gibalon, Siuton (the other side of

the river) that they held a mass as thanksgiving for the safe place they got and for saving them

from the strong current of the river that they crossed, thus, celebrating the first mass in Mainland

Luzon.

Siuton is a barangay in the municipality of Magallanes in the province of Sorsogon. It has

a total land area of 708.083 hectares and an inland barangay in location with its surrounding

baranggays as Brgy. Malbog in the north, Brgy Salvacion in its southern part, Brgy Caditaan in

its west part and the baranggay of Busay in its eastern part. The baranggay is divided into ten

puroks. Its topography is mostly mountainous and portions of plain fields with the Siuton River

almost encircling the whole of the baranggay.

Barangay Siuton is 7.8 kilometer away from the metropolitan area with the majority of its

roads as concrete and very little portions of rough road. The peoples main mode of

transportation to get to the poblacion or metropolitan area is through public tricycles, if public

jeepneys are available, people also resort to this mode of transporation, and some who owns


6/29

motorcycles uses it as a way to get to the poblacion. It has a total of 2,047 people in its

population as of the year 2011 and with a total households of 407.

The baranggay has different facilities and infrastructures in it. Before reaching the center

of the baranggay, the chapel in Gibalon which was described above as the site of the first mass in

Mainland Luzon can be found a few meters from the baranggays pueblo. At the pueblo of the

baranggay, the other two churches can be found, one is the church of the Protestants and the

other one is the Catholic Church. Majority of the people in the baranggay, though, are Roman

Catholics. A high school facility can also be found in the baranggay, a public high school where

the high school students from Brgy . Siuton and its nearby baranggays study. An elementary

school is also present in the baranggay, a public one, serves as a learning center for the

baranggay s school children as well as its neighboring baranggays. A preschool facility can also

be found here. A Baranggay Health Station is also situated at the baranggay, this is where the

people seeks medical assistance, avail some of the Municipal Health Offices program. The

health station in this baranggay is a bit worn out already, some of its parts are already in a bad

condition because its battle with time. As I have interviewed the Baranggay Health Midwife and

the Branggay Health Workers, they told me that repair of the facility is not feasible at this time

because of the revolutionary taxes that are asked for, efforts from the baranggay officials that are

willing to repair the facility is useless because of this demands, other Non- Government

Organizations have also tried to hand some assistance but still hindrances like this does not

permit any progress.

Just a few yards from the Baranggay Health Station is the Branggay Outpost where the

peace officers of the baranngay go on duty and occasional rule breakers are forced to spend some

time as penalty. Beside the Outpost is the entrance to the area where the High School, a


7/29

basketball court where the youth and other grown up men are playing basketball for past time or

for exercise, and the Baranggay Hall that serves as the office for the officials of the baranggay is

situtuated. Beside this is the land mark where all the baranggay officials name and other

pertinent information about the baranggay is written. A market where fish are sold can also be

found here, made of concrete material.

Two bridges can also be found in the baranngay, one is situated just a few meters away

from the Baranggay outpost and the other is situated at the eastern part going to Busay.

The houses in the baranggay are scattered all trhough the area of the baranggay,some are

in the baranggays pueblo while some are farther. Most houses are made from ligyt materials like

nipa and bamboo and some are concrete, others have mixed materials of light and concrete used

for their homes.

Several stores are also found in the baranggay, most of it are small grocery stores. There

are also establishments that buys copra that is situated in the baranggay.

The main mode of communication in the baranggay, the same with other baranggays,is

through cellular phone. Majority of the people here make use of this gadget to communicate in

and out of the baranggay. Some who are obliged to use postal office still sends messages through

it but they have to travel to the metropolitan where the Postal Office is situated.


8/29

Organizational Chart of Baranggay Siuton

Alex H. Maquiling

Baranggay Captain

Alfredo H. Coronado

Peace and Order Committee

Chairman

Eduard H. Carrascal

Education Committee Chairman

Eden B. Santileses

Finance Committee Chairman

Hanjie G. Buenaflor

Agriculture Committee Chairman

Reynaldo G. Hollon

Waterworks Committee Chairman

Lina H. Torres

Health Committee Chairman

Arturo V. Buenaflor

Sports and Development

Committee Chairman

Ronell R. Mico

SK Chairman

Mary Jane Lorenzana

Brgy. Secretary

Marites B. Alcario

Brgy. Treasurer


9/29

Population Profile

Total Estimated Population of Baranggay: 2,047

Population Density:

Total Population of Area Surveyed: 2,047

Total Families Surveyed: 457

Total Number of Households Surveyed: 407


10/29

Socio- Demographic Profile:

Age and Sex Distribution:

Table 2.1

Siuton Survey 2011

Age Male Female Total

0-11 33 28 61

1-4 114 89 203

5-9 145 105 250

10-14 143 120 263

15-19 126 106 232

20-24 77 89 166

25-29 76 59 135

30-34 64 63 127

35-39 58 58 116

40-44 52 48 100

45-49 43 38 81

50-54 39 43 82

55-59 29 29 58

60-64 28 21 49

65 over 41 83 124

1,060 979 2,047


11/29

The total number of population of Brgy. Siuton is 2,047 for the year 2011. The baranggay

is comprised of 407 families residing in the total land area of square meters.

The calculation of the population density above shows that Brgy. Siuton

Table 1.1 shows the age and sex distribution of the baranggay. It reveals that there are

more males in the population than the females. It also shows that the age bracket of 15-64 years

old comprises the largest portion of the population showing that Siuton has the productive age

dominating in the population. The age group with the next largest number is the age group of 0-

14 years old with 777 children comprising it, also showing that the young population is at rise in

the baranggay. The age group with the least number is the ages 65 and above, the data revealing

a total number of 124 elderlies.

Sex Ratio:

Dependency Ratio:


12/29

The dependency ratio is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor force

(the dependentpart) and those typically in the labor force (the productive part). It is used to

measure the pressure on productive population. As the ratio increases there may be an increased

burden on the productive part of the population to maintain the upbringing and pensions of the

economically dependent. This results in direct impacts on financial expenditures on things like

social security, as well as many indirect consequences. As for Brgy. Siuton, the dependency ratio

is relatively low. This shows that the populations age group who are in the productive stage is

more compared to those who are still economically dependent. This may indicate that Brgy.

Siuton is a productive community in terms of labor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_force


13/29

Types of Family

Pie Graph 1.1

As to the type of family, there are two common types in the Philippines which is also true

in the baranggay of Siuton, the nuclear and extended type of family. Nuclear family is a term

used to define a family group consisting of one or more children living with two parents who are

married to one another mostly and are each biological or adoptive parent to all children in the

family while an extended type is a family that includes in one household near relatives in

addition to a nuclear family. As the pie graph shows above, the baranggay of Siuton have more

nuclear families than the extended type, this may show that more families in Siuton prefers to be

independent from their families and chooses to live alone with their own families.

82%

nuclear family

18%

extended family

Type of Family

Nuclear Family 82%

Extended Family 18%


14/29

Religious Distribution

Pie Graph 2.2

In this community, only two religious group exists, the Protestants and the Roman

Catholics. Though the history of Siuton involves Muslim pirates, no traces of Muslim religion

can be found in the baranggay nowadays. The graph above reveals that the number of Roman

Catholics dominates, comprising 90% of the population. The remaining 10% of the population

are the Protestants in the community. This only shows about the strong influence of Christianity

in the community.

90%

Roman Catholics

10%

Protestants

Religious Distribution

Roman Catholic

Protestant


15/29

Educational Attainment

Pie Graph 2.3

Education, for us Filipinos, is very important, it is often said that this is the only thing

that cannot be robbed from us. What the pie graph above shows is that majority of the people in

the barranggay have reached elementary level, a few 25% reached high school level and only

15% reached college level. This may be an implication of a low level of understanding of the

people and may be a cause of being close minded. It may be hard for the people to embrace new

practices that can be beneficial for them. More effort should be given by those who understands

more to send important information to the community, a strategy that will make the people

embrace and put to practice any given information.

60%

25%

15%

Educational Attainment Distribution

Elementary Level 60%

High School Level 25%

College Level 15%


16/29

Occupation

Table 2.2 Ranking of Leading Occupations in the Baranggay

Rank Occupation

1 Self- employed

2 Farming/ fishing

3 Professional (practice law, medicine,

midwifery)

4 Overseas contract workers

5 Employment in government/private agencies

The people in this baranggay are mostly self- employed, mostly having their own family

businesses. The second most leading occupation in the community is farming and fishing. Next

on the ranking are the professionals practicing law and medical related fields. The community

also has overseas contract workers belonging in the population. Last in the ranking with the least

number is the people employed in government or private agencies.

Housing Condition

Table 2.3 Ranking of Housing Condition

Rank Type of Material

1 Nipa/ bamboo

2 Semi- concrete

3 Wood


17/29

4 Concrete

5 Barong- barong

In the baranggay of Siuton most houses are made up of bamboo and nipa, followed by

houses made of semi- concrete materials. Third in the ranking are houses made of wood. Only a

few houses are made of concrete materials. Also, a few barong-barongs exist in the baranggay.

Environmental Indicators

Water Supply

Table 2.4 Water Sources

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Doubtful Sources

(Dug Well)

Deep

well

Households

served

No. of

public

faucets

Households

served

No. of

water

sources

Households

served

No. of

sources

Households

served

4 2 7 114 215 215 12 76

Water is very important for the survival of any life forms. In Brgy. Siuton, all levels of

water sources are being utilized. Majority of the households in Siuton are utilizing level III water

source or those with their own faucets in their homes connected to the water system of the

municipality. Next mostly utilized is level II water source, these are the public faucets shared by

people in the community. Doubtful sources of water are also being utilized in the baranggay,

these are the existing dug wells where people get their water supply for consumption in activities

of daily living. Least used n the baranggay is the level I source of water, which are deep wells.


18/29

Excreta Disposal

Pie Graph 1.4

Regarding the excreta disposal of the people in the baranggay, most households in the

baranggay have their own toilets, but still there a number of households that dont have their own

toilets. This may pose a risk for the people in the community because the human excreta are not

disposed of properly and may cause certain diseases.

83.5%.

16.5%

Excreta Disposal

householdswith toilet 83.5%

households without toilet

16.5%


19/29

Garbage Disposal

Pie Graph 1.5

Everybody wants to live in a safe environment, free from any disease causing garbage

and the like. In the municipality of Magallanes, the garbage truck that collects garbage does not

reach the baranggays far from the metropolitan, actually, only the metropolitan area is being

served by this dump truck. The people in Brgy Siuton have to resort to their own ways to dispose

of their garbage. Majority of the people in the baranggay uses garbage dumping as a disposal

practice, some of which are openly dumping at the river, some in their backyards and some in

any vacant lot that may be a dumping site. A percentage of 35 resort to burning and some 25% of

the people are using compost pits.

Garbage Disposal Practices

Dumping 40%

Burning 35%

compost pit 25%


20/29


21/29

Electricity Services

Pie Graph 2.6

As for the electric services in the baranggay, it has already reached the baranggay, 75%

of the households already have availed of its services, but still a few 25% of households are not

availing this service.

Presence of Schools in the Baranggay

Table 2.6

School Facility Public Private

Pre- school 1 0

Elementary 1 0

Secondary 1 0

Electric Services

With Electricity 75%

Without Electricity 25%


22/29

Tertiary 0 0

Though only a baranggay in a small municipality, Siuton also has its own school

facilities. These schools are all government-run. The baranggay has one pre-school facility, one

elementary school and one high school institution. This implies that the government and the

people give much importance to education and the eagerness of the people to educate the next of

our generations.

Health Facilities

Table 2.7

Health Facility No. present in the Baranggay

Baranggay Health Station 1

Baranggay Nutrition Center 1

Health facilities are also available in the baranggay. There is one Baranggay Health

Station and a Baranggay Nutrition Center. This is where the people avail of the services of the

health sector in their respective baranggay.

Transport Facility

Table 2.8 Most common transport facilities in Brgy. Siuton

Ranking Transport Facility

1 Tricycle


23/29

2 Jeepney

3 Motorcycle

Transport facilities are much needed in the baranggay since it is a bit far from the

poblacion to walk to. Vehicles like tricycles, jeepneys and motorcycles are available. The

greatest vehicle in number are the tricycles, followed by jeepneys and few families own

motorcycles.

Health Seeking Behaviors

Pie Graph 2.7 Percentage Distribution of health seeking behaviors of the people in Brgy. Siuton

Despite the distance of Brgy. Siuton in the poblacion, the prevailing health seeking

behavior of the people is still resorting to licensed medical practitioners. There are also a few

Hospital 65%

Albularyo/Hilot 25%

Neighbors 10%


24/29

who still believes in the healing power of quack doctors. Least among the list of the people is

asking help from their neighbors.

Family Planning

Table 2.9 Family Planning Methods

Family Planning Method No. of Acceptors

BTL 16

Pills 14

DMPA 6

LAM 10

As for the result of the data gathered for the family planning practices, it shows that only

very few couples are practicing family planning. The data reveals that only 16 couples used BTL

in family planning, followed by using of OCP to control pregnancy by 14 women. Ten women

are using LAM for family planning. And only six women are resorting to DMPA to control

pregnancy.

Morbidity and Mortality Data

Table 2.9 Ranking of the leading causes of morbidity

Rank Causes of Morbidity No. of Cases

1 Cough and colds, NP 164

2 Asthma 20


25/29

3 Lacerated wound 17

4.5 Hypertension 9

4.5 Parasitism 9

5.5 Influenza 7

5.5 Headache 7

The highest prevailing cause of morbidity in Brgy. Siuton is cough and colds, most

prevalent in the young ones. This may be because of the very unpredictable weather throughout

the year. This is followed by 20 cases of asthma, still because of very unpredictable weather and

other factors. Seventeen cases of lacerated wound were presented in the data gathered, because

of accidents and other unpredicted incidence. This is followed by nine cases of hypertension, a

very common occurrence in the old ones and those with very unhealthy lifestyle. Same numbers

of cases were presented for parasitism. Influenza and headache have the same number of

prevalence throughout the year.

Table 2.10 Leading causes of mortality

Rank Cause of Mortality No. of Cases

1 Hypertension 5

2.5 Cancer of the throat 2

2.5 Status asthmaticus 2

3.5 Bleeding gastric ulcer 1

3.5 Myocardial infarction 1


26/29

Siuton has a very low mortality rate for the year 2011. Five cases of hypertension were

reported as the leading cause of mortality in the community. This is followed by cancer of the

throat and status asthmaticus with two cases each. Bleeding gastric ulcer and myocardial

infarction ranked last with each of the mortality cause of one.

Leading Causes of Infant and Maternal Mortality

Table 2.11 Leading Cause of Infant Mortality

Infant Mortality Cause No. of Cases

None 0

Table 2.12 Leading Cause of Maternal Mortality

Maternal Mortality Cause No. of Cases

None 0

Because of the joint effort of the health workers and mothers as well as the other people

in the community, this year Siuton reported no cases of mortality for both infant and mothers.

III.Problem Identification and Reccommendations1. Risk for water- borne diseases because of usage of water from doubtful sources.

Encourage the people to practice sterilizing water through boiling. Health teachings regarding importance of clean water and the health hazards

posed by use of usafe water.


27/29

Encourage the baranggay to provide more public faucets with sources from thewater works of the municipality.

2. Improper excreta disposal of some households because of the absence of toilet facilities. Encourage the baranggay officials to include in their projects a anumber of public

toilet facilities for the use of the people.

Health teaching to the community, emphasizing the importance of proper humanwaste disposal and the harms it can cause if not properly disposed of.

3. Very low number of acceptors in family planning methods.

More information drive regarding the importance of family planning.

Emphasizing the benefits of family planning methods.4. Improper garbage disposal practices like dumping in the river.

Health information drive regarding proper waste segregation and disposal. Encourage the people to keep the community clean and siting the benefits of it. Raise up the possibility of the dump truck collecting garbage from the baranggay.

5. Low level of education of majority of the the people which may be a cause of inability toaccept new practices.

More effort and information drive that is easily understandable by the people forthem to understand the information being given to them.

IV.ConclusionBased from the data gathered, I therefore conclude that Brgy. Siuton has a few problems

existing in the community regarding usage of doubtful sources of water that may pose a risk for

the health of the people. Another problem in the baranggay is the improper excreta disposal

practices of the people because of the absence of toilets in some of the households. Another


28/29

problem presented is very low number of family planning acceptors that may be a result of being

not so open minded of the people regarding this methods. The problem of improper garbage

disposal practices was also sited. And this may be resolved only if the people would cooperate

with the efforts of the concerned citizens to change the wrong practices regarding garbage

diposal. The low level of education of majority of the people was also sited that may be a

hindrance in changing what is already a tradition and olden practices for the people.

It is also safe to say that the people in Siuton have given much importance to maternal

and child health because of the zero mortality for both in the year 2011.


29/29

Community Diagnosis Em

Documents