Top Banner

of 19

Community Centre - Data Collection

Jun 02, 2018

Download

Documents

HiraIftikhar
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    1/19

    DataCollectionOn Community Center and Library

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    2/19

    Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:

    With the decline of the influence of the church and the movement of

    people from small isolated communities into urban centres, facilities for thelocal community were initially provided by philanthropists, and were intended

    as centres for education and public lectures. After World War I a number ofdifferent organizations were set up to provide community facilities, such as the

    Village Clubs Association, which were designed to be the centre of communal

    life and activity. It was seen as important that the foundation of all schemes

    should be the reliance upon the communal spirit, so that everything which is

    attempted would not be imposed from the top, but built up from the bottom.

    This led to the building of a great variety of village clubs responding to local

    requirements. Generally, they had a multifunctional main hall, and smallmeeting room or rooms, but could also include separate boys and girls rooms,library, or reading rooms. These clubs were mainly self-supporting, with

    funding for construction of the building supported by the Urban or Rural

    District Council. In areas of industrial development, where the majority of the

    community was directly or indirectly involved in particular activities, resources

    were provided by employers or unions.

    Approach To The Design:Approach To The Design:Approach To The Design:Approach To The Design:The most important way to approach the design is to have all the

    possible key consultations with the local community. Some of the important

    things to be taken care of are as follows:

    Key stages in community consultation are working with community

    organisation or organisations to consult the local population as toperceived needs and requirements.

    Identifying other local provision to avoid duplication of facilities.

    Developing a design brief and accommodation requirements from the

    consultations.

    Consulting with the Local Authority on funding potential, planning andhighways issues.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    3/19

    LocalLocalLocalLocal Issues:Issues:Issues:Issues:If the proposed centre is to satisfy local needs and satisfy funders that it is

    viable, early community consultation and data collection is essential to develop

    the community profile and identify community needs. The community profile

    will typically consist of:

    Demographics.

    Employment statistics. Existing facilities.

    Population changes.

    Geography.

    Transport infrastructure.

    Identification of community needs requires in-depth consultation with

    existing groups and ocieties, and broader based dialogue with the wider

    community. Consultation can be carried out using range of methods,

    questionnaires, open days, exhibitions, public meetings, focus groups, themedworkshops and similar activities to give the chance for individuals of all ages to

    express their opinions and concerns.

    SUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABILITY::::The idea of community provision, and the encouragement of the

    community to use local facilities, is very much in the spirit. There is the

    opportunity to use the centre to encourage approaches to sustainability, by

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    4/19

    designing for minimum energy use and water use, choosing locally sourced, or

    other low environmental impact materials, and involving the community in its

    construction.

    DesDesDesDesign Issues:ign Issues:ign Issues:ign Issues:For community centers to be viable, they must be seen to provide for and

    be welcoming to the community; they are often a key factor in an area

    regeneration strategy.

    Image:Image:Image:Image:The centre must be welcoming to all ages, and have a positive impact in

    the community. Although security is a major consideration, it must not be at the

    expense of making the building welcoming, and well-lit entrance areas can

    provide an appropriate atmosphere. New buildings often have a more noticeable

    impact but the refurbishment of existing facilities is often more economically

    viable. If existing facilities are to be retained it is important that the exterior of

    the building reflects the changes inside the centre, as it is the outside appearance

    which advertises the improvements within.

    View of a social welfare communit centerView of a social welfare communit centerView of a social welfare communit centerView of a social welfare communit center

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    5/19

    Site and Location:Site and Location:Site and Location:Site and Location:

    Ideally, the centre should be as close to the heart of the community aspossible, near other facilities shops, school, library, and accessible by public

    transport. Aflat site is preferable because the construction costs are lower than

    with sloping plots and it allows for easier access. It should have adequate space

    for parking cars and bicycles, and may need additional external space for

    facilities such as play areas, gardens, and sports provision. The profile of the

    local residents is an important consideration.

    !irculation!irculation!irculation!irculation::::Economical planning is necessary to keep costs down, so all opportunities

    should be taken to minimize corridors, and make spaces useable for more than

    one function. Central circulation space doubling up as a caf/informal meeting

    area is a typical solution. Circulation space must be easily monitored and have

    robust and hard-wearing surface finishes. Vertical circulation in multi-storey

    buildings must be visible from a central control point or management office to

    avoid potential misuse of lifts etc.

    Accessi"ilitAccessi"ilitAccessi"ilitAccessi"ilit::::The building will need to cater for all age ranges, from children in prams

    and push chairs to ambulant disabled adults and wheelchair users. Location of

    bus stops, walking distances from residential areas, provision of disabledparking all need to be considered, as should colour and contrast in the interior

    design scheme. The implications of sloping sites, changes of level and designswith more than one floor level need careful consideration at the outset. Lifts and

    chair lifts are expensive to install and maintain, and prone to abuse.

    Opening hours and management policies of the building also need to be

    considered from the earliest stage and can often be subject to planning

    restrictions to avoid disruption of immediate neighbours.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    6/19

    #aintenance:#aintenance:#aintenance:#aintenance:There should be careful consideration of maintenance implications of all

    specifications to help to minimize running costs and ensure long-term viabilityof the centre. Specify robust high- quality materials and products wherever

    possible and avoid unusual fixtures and fittings such as taps, toilets, boilers and

    shutters that may cause maintenance difficulties for the management group

    through cost, availability of spares etc. Limit external maintenance liabilities by

    minimizing the use of render and other painted surfaces. Consider also

    vulnerable surfaces; avoid materials and accessible roofs that may be subject to

    vandalism. It is important, however, to avoid designing a fortress.

    Securit:Securit:Securit:Securit:

    Consider physical measures to protect the building but, to preserve a

    welcoming image, ensure they are discreet and not overly visible when the

    building is open. A central, open location for the building encourages self-

    policing by the local community, and good external and internal lighting is also

    useful as a deterrent. Planning and internal arrangement should limit access

    points and allow good overall supervision. If security shutters are needed,

    consider installing electrically operated units as they are easier for the

    management group to operate and avoid the building remaining shuttered

    even when it is open, which often happens with manually operated shutters.

    However, maintenance issues also need to be weighed up. Early consultationwith the local police and potential insurance companies will ensure that all

    aspects of building security are considered and that specifications are to an

    appropriate standard.

    $n%ironment and Ser%ices:$n%ironment and Ser%ices:$n%ironment and Ser%ices:$n%ironment and Ser%ices:

    The building should be designed for low energy and water use. under

    are likely to look for evidence of design for high levels of energy

    efficiency to reduce running costs. Consideration should be given to

    alternative Sources of energy as appropriate: for example, novel forms of

    energy supply such as solar water heating may be economical, and may be

    supported by national or local grant aid. Innovative and experimental

    technology should be avoided, as systems are often expensive to install andneed sophisticated controls and specialist maintenance.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    7/19

    Heating, lighting and security systems should be zoned with simple, robust,

    tamper-proof controls to allow ease of use. Low temperature radiators must be

    used where elderly people and children are the main users of the space and all

    supply pipe work should be covered or concealed. Consider provision for

    computers and the future expansion of computer table-based informationsystems. Consider the maintenance requirements of all systems including

    boilers, ventilation and extraction systems and alarms. Avoid inaccessible light

    fittings and unusual bulbs that would be difficult to replace.

    Tpical $Tpical $Tpical $Tpical $lementslementslementslements::::

    All community centers will be different, as they are designed to meet theneeds of specific local needs but there will be common elements in every

    building. Halls,often the main space, the size and shape will be determined byidentified activities and uses. Typically the main issue in the design of a hall is

    whether or not a permanent stage is needed and also the associated changing

    rooms and storage for chairs and equipment. Floor type is important - if dancing

    or activities such as aerobics are likely to be popular, hardwearing sprung

    flooring, although costly, is essential.

    Da Lighting:Da Lighting:Da Lighting:Da Lighting:

    Specific goals related to daylighting of buildings may be stated in simple

    terms:

    Design to achieve daylight in all feasible areas in significant, useful

    quantities,

    Distribute daylight reasonably uniformly, with no significant dark spots,

    (although variation within the visible range is acceptable and can provide

    desirable relief).

    Avoid allowing direct sunshine into the building interior in such a way

    that it may cause visual discomfort (excessive brightness differences) or

    visual disability (glare). Assess the design for all possible sun penetration

    angles.

    Provide daylight sensitive controls for the electric lighting so that it will

    be dimmed or turned off when not needed.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    8/19

    $&ample 'f A Dalight #ethod

    Ventillation:Ventillation:Ventillation:Ventillation:Natural ventilation in buildings is intended to cool the body directly

    by convection cross the skin and body, and absorption of perspiration. The

    air flow must be directed towards the living or occupied zones of a

    building. Air exchange may be done with some in velocity, but generally,

    low-velocity mechanical system designs have little direct effect on the

    human physiological cooling system to transpperspiration). Openings in a

    building can be manipulated to increase or decrease the speed of the air

    movement.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    9/19

    AAAA %entilation diagram intended to%entilation diagram intended to%entilation diagram intended to%entilation diagram intended to coolcoolcoolcool people(people(people(people( """" direct e&posure todirect e&posure todirect e&posure todirect e&posure to increasedincreasedincreasedincreasedair flow( created " theair flow( created " theair flow( created " theair flow( created " the VentVentVentVenturi effecuri effecuri effecuri effect)t)t)t)

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    10/19

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    11/19

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    12/19

    *alls:*alls:*alls:*alls:Often the main space, the size and shape will be determined by identified

    activities and uses. Typically the main issue in the design of a hall is whether or

    not a permanent stage is needed and also the associated changing rooms and

    storage for chairs and equipment. Floor type is important if dancing or activities

    such as aerobics are likely to be popular, hardwearing sprung flooring, although

    costly, is essential.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    13/19

    View Showing The Section 'f a *allView Showing The Section 'f a *allView Showing The Section 'f a *allView Showing The Section 'f a *all with Acousticswith Acousticswith Acousticswith Acoustics

    Stage and its possi"le DimensionsStage and its possi"le DimensionsStage and its possi"le DimensionsStage and its possi"le Dimensions

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    14/19

    Tpes 'f Seating LaoutsTpes 'f Seating LaoutsTpes 'f Seating LaoutsTpes 'f Seating Laouts

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    15/19

    Stage laout with green roomsStage laout with green roomsStage laout with green roomsStage laout with green rooms

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    16/19

    +oofing:+oofing:+oofing:+oofing:

    Roofing must withstand the extremes of climate but also the subtle nature

    of moisture, materials and movement of a building over time. This chapterprovides an introduction to roofing and technical references for design of

    roofing systems.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    17/19

    ,looring:,looring:,looring:,looring:

    Flooring selection is an important design decision, aesthetically and

    technically. People will look down at the floor and to where it may lead the eyefor a sense of sure-footedness, direction and mobility. Flooring is the single

    most exposed element of a building interior because of constant and often heavy

    use. Flooring must therefore provide:

    Durability and endurance given the type of foot (and wheel) traffic and

    intensity of use.

    Resistance to abrasion from use and abuse of dirt or sand particles and

    spills of chemicals and other liquids.

    Resistance or permeability to moisture intrusion (from the substrate if on

    or below grade) or other moisture vapor migration.

    Resistance to impact generated damage, including change of dimension

    of substrate and other construction elements.

    Ability to be cleaned maintained and replaced in whole or part.

    Resistance to insect infestation.

    As a result, the performance criteria for flooring selection can be listed as the

    following:

    Durable to resist abrasion, indentation, compression, accidental impacts,

    and dust and dirt.

    Chemically inert to resist cleaning compounds, disinfectants, solvents,lubricants and other substances that may be spilled.

    Comfortable to reduce fatigue of walking, standing and/or running.

    Safe, non-slippery, non-tripping, non flammable and also non-conductive

    or non-static.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    18/19

    Toilets:Toilets:Toilets:Toilets:

    Auditorium toilets may be stand alone buildings or installations, or be

    contained within buildings

    It must be at a fairer distance from other service areas of the building.

    Should have significant number of facilities to accommodate people with

    disabilities or elderly persons who may require assistance.

    ,i&tures 'f a Toilet,i&tures 'f a Toilet,i&tures 'f a Toilet,i&tures 'f a Toilet:::: A public flush toilet, with a black toilet seat.

    Toilets located within stalls wit locking doors

    Bidets (rare in the US)

    Urinals (men's rooms only)

    Hand wash faucets (i.e., taps) - some lowered for children and

    handicapped .

    Soap dispensers.

    Hand dryer - manual or auto sensors.

    Paper towels - often when hand dryers are not available; sometimes withauto-sensors for touch less dispensing.

    Sometimes showers are also present, often with soap, shampoo, or similar

    dispensers.

    Antiseptic handwash - pump bottle or auto dispenser.

    Garbage can.

  • 8/10/2019 Community Centre - Data Collection

    19/19