COLD WAR 1

COLD WAR 1

1945-1962

What is the United Nations?

• An international organization to keep peace in the world

What is communism?

• An economic system in which all property and means of production are owned by society as a whole (i.e., by the gov’t. in the name of the people)

What is socialism?• An economic system in which

the government owns and controls the means of production, like power plants, transportation, and communication

What was the Cold War?

• The war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1991

What was the Truman Doctrine?

• U.S. would defend free peoples who were resisting attempted subjugation (control) by armed minorities or outside pressure groups

What President was responsible for the

Marshall Plan?

•Harry Truman

What was the Marshall Plan?

•U.S. economic aid program to European nations after World War II

What was the dual purpose of the Marshall Plan?

•Rebuild European economies

•Stop the spread of communism

What was containment?

• The American policy to limit communism to those areas where it already existed

What was the non-communist part of

Germany during the Cold War?

•West Germany

What was the communist part of Germany during

the Cold War?

•East Germany

Who was Alger Hiss?

• A U.S. State Department official charged with giving secret documents to the Soviets

• Convicted of perjury

Who were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg?

• A couple who worked on the U.S. atomic project

• They were convicted of espionage and executed

What is espionage?

Spying

What federal agency coordinates the spy

activities of the United States government?

•Central Intelligence Agency or CIA

What was NATO?• A defensive military alliance

of U.S. and Western European countries

• An attack on one would be considered an attack on all

Who was the Communist Chinese

leader?

•Mao Zedong

Who was the anti-communist Chinese

leader?

•Chiang Kai-shek

What is Taiwan?

• Anti-communist nation founded on the island of Formosa when Chiang fled China

Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy?

• A Republican senator who accused many American officials of being communists

What was McCarthyism?

• Unfairly accusing others of disloyalty and subversion (overthrow of the government)

Which is the communist Korea?

•North Korea

Which is non-communist Korea?

•South Korea

What was the Korean War?

• The 1950-1953 war caused when communist North Korea invaded anti-communist South Korea

Who was president when the Korean War

began?

•Harry S. Truman

Who was president when the Korean

War ended?

•Dwight D. Eisenhower

What were the Army-McCarthy Hearings?

• Televised investigations of alleged communist influence in U.S. Army

• Revealed that Senator Joseph McCarthy had made many false charges

Which president was associated with massive

retaliation?

• Dwight D. Eisenhower

What was Massive Retaliation?

• President Eisenhower’s policy that the U.S. would use swift all-out military actions against any nation committing aggression (attack)

What was the Bay of Pigs?

• The CIA sponsored invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro. It failed!

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

• Soviets placed nuclear missiles in Cuba

• U.S. blockaded Cuba• Soviets removed the missiles

Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban

Missile Crisis?

•Nikita Khrushchev