Chapter 17 Section 1 The Cold War
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Chapter 17Section 1The Cold War
Chapter 17-1
2 Superpowers
The Yalta Conference
Churchill Roosevelt Stalin
February, 1945 Free Elections?
Yalta
Divided Germany into zones to be occupied by the allies
Germany would have to pay the Soviet Union for its loss of life and property
Stalin promised free elections in the areas occupied by the Soviets
The Catch?
Dividing Germany
United Nations
Peacekeeping group • General Assembly• Every member has a vote• 11 Members of a Security
Council 5 permanent members: the
US, USSR, Britain, France, China
All with veto power
Prevent WWIII
The Potsdam Conference
Churchill Truman Stalin
July, 1945 No Elections
Potsdam Soviets want a buffer between
themselves and Germany Stalin installed or helped Communist
governments into power in Bulgaria, Albania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland and Yugoslavia
This broke his agreement for free elections
Stalin’s threat: “Communism & Capitalism could not coexist in the world
USA vs. USSR
USA• Democracy
*Truman• Capitalism
USSR• Dictatorship
*Stalin• Communism
The Iron Curtain Speech from Churchill in
March, 1946 Line cutting USSR off
from the rest of the world
The Western Allies combined their zones into the Federal Republic of Germany
the Soviets created the German Democratic Republic
Containment Policy
Keep communism where it is at. DO NOT ALLOW Communism to spread
The Truman Doctrine: provide aid to any nation resisting a communist take over
Turkey & Greece: $400 million to help fight communism
The Marshall Plan
Secretary of State- George Marshall
War left Europe in ruins Food, money, supplies to
any country in need $12.5 billion in aid to 17
countries Stalin NOT happy WHY?
The Berlin Airlift
U.S.S.R. held West Berlin hostage
11 months-airlift Food, gas, medical
supplies 277,000 flights-
landed every 3 minutes
Blockade lifted in 1949
Alliances
USA and the West- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Soviet Union and the East- Warsaw Pact
NATO in blue
Warsaw Pact in pink
U2 Spy Plane Incident
High altitude spy plane
1960- Shot Down
Gary Powers
19 Months- Released
Arms Race
1949- Soviets test their own atomic bomb
1952 US tests the H- bomb/ year later the USSR does the same
arms race
Brinkmanship John Foster Dulles & President
Eisenhower The willingness to go to the brink of
nuclear war to prevent nuclear war Massive amounts of money are spent
to create the ability to retaliate instantly in case of a nuclear attack
Long range bombers with massive payloads
Space Race
USSR- 1957- Sputnik
USA- 1958
BEHIND!!
Race to the Moon
Laika in Sputnik 2(1957)
“One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”
1969- USA lands on Moon
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles
Berlin Wall
Built By USSR
Related Documents
