Cnctrainprest 2014 Final PDF

CNCINTRODUCTION TO CNC MACHINES & AXES

DIMENSIONING SYSTEM

G-CODES & M-CODES

FEATURES OF CNC TRAIN SIMULATION

SOFTWARE

PROCEDURE FOR EXECUTING A PROGRAM

SAMPLE PROGRAMS

EXERCISE

INTRODUCTION TO CNC MACHINES & AXES

DIMENSIONING SYSTEM

G-CODES & M-CODES

FEATURES OF CNC TRAIN SIMULATION

SOFTWARE


SAMPLE PROGRAMS

EXERCISE

AXES IN CNC MACHINES

CNC axis may be either a linear axis in which movement is in a straightline, or a rotary axis with motion following a circular path.

Depending on the machine type there are commonly two to five axes.Rotary axes

The rotary motion about the X,Y and Z-Axis are identified by a,b and c respectively. Clockwise is designated as +ve.

Z – AxisThe Z Axis of motion is always the axis of the main spindle ofthe machine. It doses not matters whether the spindle carriesthe work piece or the cutting tool. On vertical machiningcenters Z axis is vertical and on horizontal machining centerand turning centers Z axis is horizontal.

Positive Z Movement is away from the spindle.

X-AxisIt is always horizontal and parallel to the work holding

surface. Positive X Axis movement is identified as being to theright, when looking from the spindle towards its supportingcolumn.

Y- AxisIt is at right angle to both X-Axis and Z-Axis

Z – AxisThe Z Axis of motion is always the axis of the main spindle ofthe machine. It doses not matters whether the spindle carriesthe work piece or the cutting tool. On vertical machiningcenters Z axis is vertical and on horizontal machining centerand turning centers Z axis is horizontal.

Positive Z Movement is away from the spindle.

X-AxisIt is always horizontal and parallel to the work holding

surface. Positive X Axis movement is identified as being to theright, when looking from the spindle towards its supportingcolumn.

Y- AxisIt is at right angle to both X-Axis and Z-Axis

AXES IN MILLING MACHINE

A Milling machine has 3 axes of movement identified by X, Y & Z axes

Z

Y

-

+

-+

X- +

+Z

-Z

+Y

-Y

-X +X

Z

Y

-

+

-+

X- +

+Z

-Z

+Y

-Y

-X +X

AXES IN CNC LATHE

Lathe has two axes identified by X and Z axes

ZERO POINTS &REFERENCE POINT

DIMENSION SYSTEM

Dimensional information in a work piece drawing can be stated in two waysAbsolute Dimension System or Incremental Dimension System.

Absolute Dimension SystemData in absolute dimension system always refer to a fixed

reference point. This point has the function of a coordinate zero point.The dimension lines run parallel to the coordinate axes and alwaysstart at the reference point.

Absolute Dimension SystemData in absolute dimension system always refer to a fixed

reference point. This point has the function of a coordinate zero point.The dimension lines run parallel to the coordinate axes and alwaysstart at the reference point.

Incremental Dimension SystemWhen using Incremental Dimension system, every

measurement refers to a previously dimensioned position Incrementaldimensions are distance between adjacent points. These distances areconverted into incremental coordinates by accepting the lastdimension point as the coordinate origin for the new point. This maybe compared to a small coordinate system, i.e., shifted consequentlyform point to point.

P6 P5

P4P3

P2 P1

30

20

10

(0,0)

ABSOLUTEDIMENSIONING

INCREMENIALDIMENSIONING

POINTS X Z POINTS U W

DIMENSION SYSTEM

10 15 10

(0,0)P1 10 0 P1 10 0

P2 10 -10 P2 0 -10

P3 20 -10 P3 10 0

P4 20 -25 P4 0 -15

P5 30 -25 P5 10 0

P6 30 -35 P6 0 -10

P2P1

P3 P4

P5 P6

P7

P8P9

70

40

70

100

20

70

100

Reference Point

POINTS X VALUE Y VALUE POINTS XVALUE Y VALUE

20

POINTS X VALUE Y VALUE

P1 0 0

P2 20 0

P3 20 20

P4 70 20

P5 70 0

P6 100 0

P7 100 40

P8 70 70

P9 0 70

POINTS XVALUE Y VALUE

P1 0 0

P2 20 0

P3 0 20

P4 50 0

P5 0 -20

P6 30 0

P7 0 40

P8 -30 30

P9 -70 0

ABSOLUTE SYSTEM (G90) INCREMENTAL SYSTEM (G91)

PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G - FUNCTION)

G codes are instructions describing tool movement

Common G-codes in turning

G00 Rapid Traverse

G01 Linear Interpolation (cutting feed)G02 Circular Interpolation (clockwise)G03 Circular Interpolation (counter clockwise)G20 Imperial (input in inches)G21 Metric (input in metric)G28 Goto Reference Point (Home Position)G70 Finishing CycleG71 Multiple Turning CycleG74 Peck Drilling CycleG76 Multiple Threading CycleG90 Box Turning CycleG98 Feed Per MinuteG99 Feed Per Rev.

PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G - FUNCTION)

G codes are instructions describing tool movement

Common G-codes in turning

G00 Rapid Traverse

G01 Linear Interpolation (cutting feed)G02 Circular Interpolation (clockwise)G03 Circular Interpolation (counter clockwise)G20 Imperial (input in inches)G21 Metric (input in metric)G28 Goto Reference Point (Home Position)G70 Finishing CycleG71 Multiple Turning CycleG74 Peck Drilling CycleG76 Multiple Threading CycleG90 Box Turning CycleG98 Feed Per MinuteG99 Feed Per Rev.

MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS (M - CODES)

M00 Program Stop

M01 Optional Stop

M02 Program End

M03 Spindle Forward

M04 Spindle Reverse

M05 Spindle Stop

M Codes are instructions describing miscellaneous functions like callingthe tool, spindle rotation, coolant on/off etc.

M05 Spindle Stop

M06 Automatic Tool change

M08 Coolant On

M09 Coolant Off

M10 Vice / Chuck Open

M11 Vice / Chuck Close

M30 Program Stop & Rewind

M38 Door Open

M39 Door Close

M98 Sub program Call

M99 Subprogram Exit

CNC TRAIN SIMULATION SOFTWARE

Click Start menu - Programs - CNC simulation – CNCTRAIN

(or) Double click icon on the desktop

SCREEN DESCRIPTION

Main Menu

Simulation Screen

CNC Editor

Combo Box

SELECTION OF CONTROLLER TYPE

Click Control Type

For Turning select Fanuc O Turning

For Milling select Fanuc O Milling

How to write a new program

click

Click file on the main menu and click new CNC program andtype the program in the CNC editor screen .

How to load an existing program ?

2

1

3

1.Click file on the main menu and click load CNC program

2.Select a program and click open

3

How to save a CNC Program ?

click save as - enter file name - click save button - click yes to save

The existing program can also be saved by clicking - saveCNC program

• Editing the program

• Setting the tool and billet

• Simulation


• Editing the program

• Setting the tool and billet

• Simulation

Sample Program O0007G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T02 (Roughing tool )M03 S2000G00 X33 Z1G71 U0.5 R1G71 P1 Q2 U0.2 W0.0 F100N1 G01 X5G01 Z0G01 X10 Z-10G01 X10 Z-15G02 X20 Z-25 R10G01 X20 Z-30G03 X25 Z-37 R7G01 X25 Z-42G01 X32 Z-47N2 G01 X33G70 P1 Q2 S2500 F50G28 U0 W0M06 T0404 (Grooving tool)M03 S650G00 X21 Z-28G75 R1G75 X10. Z-30 P100 Q1000 F20G28 U0 W0M05M30

O0007G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T02 (Roughing tool )M03 S2000G00 X33 Z1G71 U0.5 R1G71 P1 Q2 U0.2 W0.0 F100N1 G01 X5G01 Z0G01 X10 Z-10G01 X10 Z-15G02 X20 Z-25 R10G01 X20 Z-30G03 X25 Z-37 R7G01 X25 Z-42G01 X32 Z-47N2 G01 X33G70 P1 Q2 S2500 F50G28 U0 W0M06 T0404 (Grooving tool)M03 S650G00 X21 Z-28G75 R1G75 X10. Z-30 P100 Q1000 F20G28 U0 W0M05M30

Edit ProgramClick File - new CNC Program from the mainClick Edit on the combo box

Click here to Edit orWriting the program

Type the program inthe Editor Screen

Saving the Program

Click : File - Save AsType file name : SampleClick Save icon

SETTING TOOL

Tool setting is done by clickingJob/Tooling - Tool Offset

Step 1

Step 2

Click the corresponding tool

Step 3

Click Select ToolingClick Select Tooling

Step 4 Double click to select tool from tool list

Step 5

Step 7

Click Tool offsets

Verify that left-hand tool is displayed on the tool 2 position

Likewise select the Tool4 (Grooving tool)by following step 2 to 8

Step 6

Step 8 click ok

Step 7

SETTING THE BILLET

Click Job/tooling-Billet Setting

Enter the length of billet

Enter the Dia of the billet

Click ok

SIMULATION

Click AUTOClick CYCLE START

Click RESET

Step1Step3

Step2

Left-hand Tool

Grooving Tool Finished ProgramGrooving Tool Finished Program

Information neededInformation needed by a CNCby a CNC

1. Preparatory Information: units, incremental or absolutepositioning

2. Coordinates: X,Y,Z, RX,RY,RZ3. Machining Parameters: Feed rate and spindle speed4. Coolant Control: On/Off, Flood, Mist5. Tool Control: Tool and tool parameters6. Cycle Functions: Type of action required7. Miscellaneous Control: Spindle on/off, direction of rotation,

stops for part movement

These information is conveyed to the machine through a setof instructions arranged in a desired sequence – Program.

CNC Programming

1. Preparatory Information: units, incremental or absolutepositioning

2. Coordinates: X,Y,Z, RX,RY,RZ3. Machining Parameters: Feed rate and spindle speed4. Coolant Control: On/Off, Flood, Mist5. Tool Control: Tool and tool parameters6. Cycle Functions: Type of action required7. Miscellaneous Control: Spindle on/off, direction of rotation,

stops for part movement

These information is conveyed to the machine through a setof instructions arranged in a desired sequence – Program.

BLOCK FORMATBLOCK FORMAT

N135 G01 X1.0 Y1.0 Z0.125 F5

Restrictions on CNC blocks

Each may contain only one tool move.

Each may contain any number of non-tool move G-codes.

Each may contain only one feed rate.

Each may contain only one specified tool or spindle speed.

The block numbers should be sequential.

The data within a block should follow the sequence shownin the above sample block

N135 G01 X1.0 Y1.0 Z0.125 F5

Restrictions on CNC blocks

Each may contain only one tool move.

Each may contain any number of non-tool move G-codes.

Each may contain only one feed rate.

Each may contain only one specified tool or spindle speed.

The block numbers should be sequential.

The data within a block should follow the sequence shownin the above sample block

PROGRAM BUILD-UP FOR CNC LATHE(FANUC CONTROLLER)

START UP OF CNC PROGRAM

O1024

G21/G20 G98/G99 G40

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0101

M03 S1500

G00 X(VALUE) Z(VALUE)

While writing a program on fanuc controller first line has to bestarted with letter “o” followed by four digit number whichspecifies the program name.

G21 – This code specifies that program is done in metric units

G20 - This code specifies that program is done in Imperial units

G98 – Feed in mm/min

G99 - Feed in mm/rev

G40 – Cutter radius compensation cancel

G28 U0 W0- Makes the tool to go to home position.

M06 T0101 – Tool change. The first two digits after T specify thetool position in the turret and last two digits denotes the tool offsetnumber.

M03 – Makes the spindle rotate in clockwise direction

S1500 – Spindle rotates at 1500 rpm

G00 -Gives rapid position of the too to a point specified in the Xand Z address

O1024

G21/G20 G98/G99 G40

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0101

M03 S1500

G00 X(VALUE) Z(VALUE)

While writing a program on fanuc controller first line has to bestarted with letter “o” followed by four digit number whichspecifies the program name.

G21 – This code specifies that program is done in metric units

G20 - This code specifies that program is done in Imperial units

G98 – Feed in mm/min

G99 - Feed in mm/rev

G40 – Cutter radius compensation cancel


M06 T0101 – Tool change. The first two digits after T specify thetool position in the turret and last two digits denotes the tool offsetnumber.

M03 – Makes the spindle rotate in clockwise direction

S1500 – Spindle rotates at 1500 rpm

G00 -Gives rapid position of the too to a point specified in the Xand Z address

END OF THE PROGRAM

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30


M05 –Stop the spindle rotation

M30 – Program stop and rewind

PROGRAM BUILD-UP FOR CNC LATHE(FANUC CONTROLLER)

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30


M05 –Stop the spindle rotation

M30 – Program stop and rewind

PROGRAM FOR SIMPLE TURNING

CODE USED – G00, G01

Rapid Traverse

G00 X (VALUE) Z(Value)

SYNTAX

Linear Interpolation

G01 X (VALUE) Z(Value) F(Value)

Rapid Traverse

G00 X (VALUE) Z(Value)

50

ALL DIMENSION IN 'mm'

15.0

Ø30

G CODES USED - G00,G01

BILLET SIZE :Ø30 X 75

Ø27

SIMPLE TURNING( Using G00 and G01 )

O1000

N1 G21 G98

N2 G28 U0 W0

N3 M06 T0101

N4 M03 S2000

N5 G00 X30 Z1

N6 G00 X29 Z1

N7 G01 X29 Z-50 F50

N8 G01 X30 Z-50

N9 G00 X30 Z1

N10 G00 X28 Z1

N11 G01 X28 Z-50

N12 G01 X30 Z-50

N13 G00 X30 Z1

N14 G00 X 27 Z1

N15 G01 X27 Z-50

N16 G01 X30 Z-50

N17 G00 X30 Z1

N18 G28 U0 W0

N19 M05

N20 M30

50


15.0

Ø30



Ø27

O1000

N1 G21 G98

N2 G28 U0 W0

N3 M06 T0101

N4 M03 S2000

N5 G00 X30 Z1

N6 G00 X29 Z1

N7 G01 X29 Z-50 F50

N8 G01 X30 Z-50

N9 G00 X30 Z1

N10 G00 X28 Z1

N11 G01 X28 Z-50

N12 G01 X30 Z-50

N13 G00 X30 Z1

N14 G00 X 27 Z1

N15 G01 X27 Z-50

N16 G01 X30 Z-50

N17 G00 X30 Z1

N18 G28 U0 W0

N19 M05

N20 M30

Ø10

20 5

Ø40




SIMPLE FACING( Using G00 and G01 )

O1002

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0101

M03 S2000

G00 X41 Z1

G00 X41 Z-1

G01 X10 Z-1 F30

G01 X10 Z1

G00 X41 Z1

G00 X41 Z-2

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-3

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-4

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-5

G0I X10 F30

G01 Z1

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

Ø10

20 5

Ø40




O1002

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0101

M03 S2000

G00 X41 Z1

G00 X41 Z-1

G01 X10 Z-1 F30

G01 X10 Z1

G00 X41 Z1

G00 X41 Z-2

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-3

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-4

G01 X10 F30

G01 Z1

G00 X41

Z-5

G0I X10 F30

G01 Z1

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

BOX TURNING CYCLE ( G90 )

G90 X (VALUE) Z(Value) F(Value)

SYNTAX

Tool movement

F

F

R

R

70

Ø22

Ø10

30

FEED RATE

PLAIN TURNING CYCLE

RA

PID

TR

AV

ER

SE

TOOL PATH

RAPID TRAVERSE

FEED

RA

TE

PROGRAM USING BOX TURNING CYCLEO1003G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T0404M03 S1500G00 X22 Z1G90 X21 Z-30 F60 (Box turning cycle)

X20X19X18X17X16X15X14X13X12X11X10G28 U0 W0M05M30

70

Ø22

Ø10

30

FEED RATE

PLAIN TURNING CYCLE

RA

PID

TR

AV

ER

SE

TOOL PATH

RAPID TRAVERSE

FEED

RA

TE

O1003G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T0404M03 S1500G00 X22 Z1G90 X21 Z-30 F60 (Box turning cycle)

X20X19X18X17X16X15X14X13X12X11X10G28 U0 W0M05M30

PROGRAM FOR TAPER TURNINGUSING G90 CODE

G90 X (VALUE) Z(Value) R (Value) F(Value)

SYNTAX

TAPER TURNING CYCLE R- TAPER TURNING CYCLE R+RapidRapid

FF Rapid F F

CALCULATING R VALUE

R = (Major dia - Minor dia) / 2

Rapid

Rapid

Rapid

CALCULATING R VALUE

R = (Minor dia - Major dia) / 2

SAMPLE PROGRAM – TAPER TURNINGDwg.No:06

G90 - TAPER TURNING R - ve

15Ø

25

Ø32

70

O1005

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X32 Z1

G01 Z0 F60

(Box turning cycle)

G90 X32 Z-15 R-0.5 F60

X32 R-1

X32 R-1.5

X32 R-2

X32 R-2.5

X32 R-3

X32 R-3.5

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

G90 TAPER TURNING R-

Dwg.No:06

G90 - TAPER TURNING R - ve

15Ø

25

Ø32

70

O1005

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X32 Z1

G01 Z0 F60

(Box turning cycle)

G90 X32 Z-15 R-0.5 F60

X32 R-1

X32 R-1.5

X32 R-2

X32 R-2.5

X32 R-3

X32 R-3.5

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30R = (Minor dia - Major dia) / 2

= (25 - 32) /2 = -3.5

G90 TAPER TURNING R+

SAMPLE PROGRAM – TAPER TURNING

O1006

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X33 Z-25

G01 X32 F60

G90 X31 Z-50 R0.5 F60

X30 R1

X29 R1.5

X28 R2

X27 R2.5

X26 R3

X25 R3.5

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

O1006

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X33 Z-25

G01 X32 F60

G90 X31 Z-50 R0.5 F60

X30 R1

X29 R1.5

X28 R2

X27 R2.5

X26 R3

X25 R3.5

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30R = (Major dia - Minor dia) / 2

= (32 - 25) /2 = 3.5

G02 Circular Interpolation (CW)G02 Circular Interpolation (CW)G03 Circular Interpolation (CW)G03 Circular Interpolation (CW)

The G02 command requiresan endpoint and a radius inorder to cut the arc.

I,J, and K are relative to thestart point.

N_ G02 X2 Y1 I0 J-1 F10or

N_ G02 X2 Y1 R1

The G02 command requiresan endpoint and a radius inorder to cut the arc.

I,J, and K are relative to thestart point.

N_ G02 X2 Y1 I0 J-1 F10or

N_ G02 X2 Y1 R1

MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLE ( G71 )

G71 U(Value) R(Value)

G71 P(Value) Q (Value) U (Value) W (Value) F (Value)

SYNTAX

U – Depth of cut, in mm

R – Retraction, in mm

P – Starting block number

Q – End block number

U - Finishing Allowance in ‘ X ‘ axis, in mmW - Finishing Allowance in ‘ Z ‘ axis, in mmF - Feed rate for the cycle

U – Depth of cut, in mm





FINISHING CYCLE ( G70 )

G70 P (Value) Q (Value) S (Value) F (Value)SYNTAX



S – Spindle Speed for Finishing

F - Feed rate for finishing

PROGRAM USING MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLEDwg.No:09

G71 - MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLE

51015155

70

R5

R5Ø15

Ø10

Ø22

O1006

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X22 Z1

(Multiple turning cycle

G71 U0.5 R1

G71 P10 Q20 U0.1 W0.1 F50

N10 G01 X0 Z0

G03 X10 Z-5 R5

G01 Z-15

G01 X15 Z-30

G01 Z-45

N20 G03 X22 Z-50 R5

(Finishing cycle

G70 P10 Q20 S2000 F30

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

Dwg.No:09

G71 - MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLE

51015155

70

R5

R5Ø15

Ø10

Ø22

O1006

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404

M03 S1200

G00 X22 Z1

(Multiple turning cycle

G71 U0.5 R1

G71 P10 Q20 U0.1 W0.1 F50

N10 G01 X0 Z0

G03 X10 Z-5 R5

G01 Z-15

G01 X15 Z-30

G01 Z-45

N20 G03 X22 Z-50 R5

(Finishing cycle

G70 P10 Q20 S2000 F30

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

MULTIPLE FACING CYCLE ( G72 )

G72 W(Value) R(Value)

G72 P(Value) Q (Value) U (Value) W (Value) F (Value)

SYNTAX

W – Depth of cut in each passes along Z axis, in mm





W – Depth of cut in each passes along Z axis, in mm





PROGRAM USING MULTIPLE FACING CYCLE

N010 G21 G40 G98

N020 G28 U0 W0

N030 M06 T0404

N040 M03 S1200

N050 G00 X31 Z5

N060 G01 Z0

(Multiple facing cycle

N070 G72 W0.5 R1

N080 G72 P90 Q180 U0.2 W0.2 F30

N090 G01 Z-22.5 X30 F40

N100 X26

N110 Z-17.5

N120 X20 Z-15

N130 Z-10

N140 G02 X10 Z-5 R5 F40

N150 G01 Z-2.5 F50

N160 X5 Z0

N170 Z0

(Finishing cycle

N180 G70 P90 Q180

N190 G28 U0 W0

N200 M05

N210 M30

N010 G21 G40 G98

N020 G28 U0 W0

N030 M06 T0404

N040 M03 S1200

N050 G00 X31 Z5

N060 G01 Z0

(Multiple facing cycle

N070 G72 W0.5 R1

N080 G72 P90 Q180 U0.2 W0.2 F30

N090 G01 Z-22.5 X30 F40

N100 X26

N110 Z-17.5

N120 X20 Z-15

N130 Z-10

N140 G02 X10 Z-5 R5 F40

N150 G01 Z-2.5 F50

N160 X5 Z0

N170 Z0

(Finishing cycle

N180 G70 P90 Q180

N190 G28 U0 W0

N200 M05

N210 M30

PECK DRILLING CYCLE ( G74 )

G74 RG74 X0 Z Q F

SYNTAX

R – Retract value of each peck, in mm

Z – Final hole depth, in mm

Q – Peck increment in micron without sign

F – Feed rate

R – Retract value of each peck, in mm

Z – Final hole depth, in mm

Q – Peck increment in micron without sign

F – Feed rate

SAMPLE PROGRAM - PECK DRILLING

N010 G21 G40 G98N020 G28 U0 W0N030 M06 T0101 (Center drillN050 M03 S1500N060 G00 X0 Z3N070 G74 R1N080 G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F30N085 G28 U0 W0N090 M06 T0303 (6mm drillN100 M03 S1500N110 G00 X0 Z3N120 G74 R1N130 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N140 G28 U0 W0N150 M06 T0505 (12mm drillN160 M03 S1000N170 G00 X0 Z3N180 G74 R1N190 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N200 G28 U0 W0N210 M05N220 M30

N010 G21 G40 G98N020 G28 U0 W0N030 M06 T0101 (Center drillN050 M03 S1500N060 G00 X0 Z3N070 G74 R1N080 G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F30N085 G28 U0 W0N090 M06 T0303 (6mm drillN100 M03 S1500N110 G00 X0 Z3N120 G74 R1N130 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N140 G28 U0 W0N150 M06 T0505 (12mm drillN160 M03 S1000N170 G00 X0 Z3N180 G74 R1N190 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N200 G28 U0 W0N210 M05N220 M30

GROOVING CYCLE (G75 )

G75 RG75 X Z P Q F

SYNTAX


X – Required Diameter, in mm

Z – Left end point of Groove in Z axis, in mm

P – Peck increment in each cut in ‘X’ axis, in micronQ – Z Axis stepping distance, in micron

F – Feed rate


X – Required Diameter, in mm

Z – Left end point of Groove in Z axis, in mm

P – Peck increment in each cut in ‘X’ axis, in micronQ – Z Axis stepping distance, in micron

F – Feed rate

SAMPLE PROGRAM - GROOVINGDwg.No:13

G75 - GROOVING CYCLE

Ø32Ø28

70

155

O1007

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404 (2mm Groove tool width)

M03 S 800

G00 X33 Z-17

G75 R1

G75 X28 Z-20 P200 Q1000 F20

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

Dwg.No:13

G75 - GROOVING CYCLE

Ø32Ø28

70

155

O1007

G21 G98

G28 U0 W0

M06 T0404 (2mm Groove tool width)

M03 S 800

G00 X33 Z-17

G75 R1

G75 X28 Z-20 P200 Q1000 F20

G28 U0 W0

M05

M30

THREADING CYCLE ( G76 )

SYNTAX

Block 1P A(02)B(15)C(60),

A-First 2 digit – No of times to call the finishing cycle

B-Second 2 digit – Pullout angle, in deg

C-Last 2 digit – Thread angle, in deg

Q – depth of cut, in micron

R – Finishing allowance, in mm

Block 2X – Core Diameter of thread, in mm

Z – End of the Thread, in mm

P – Thread Height, in micron

Q – depth of first cut, in micron

F – Pitch of the thread, in mm

G76 P Q RG76 X Z P Q F

Block 1P A(02)B(15)C(60),

A-First 2 digit – No of times to call the finishing cycle

B-Second 2 digit – Pullout angle, in deg

C-Last 2 digit – Thread angle, in deg

Q – depth of cut, in micron

R – Finishing allowance, in mm

Block 2X – Core Diameter of thread, in mm

Z – End of the Thread, in mm

P – Thread Height, in micron

Q – depth of first cut, in micron

F – Pitch of the thread, in mm

M12 X 1.75

DIA25O1008G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T2M03 S400G00 X12 Z1G76 P031560 Q50 R0.1G76 X9.853 Z-15 P1073 Q100 F1.75G28 U0 W0M05M30

SAMPLE PROGRAM - THREADING

15

O1008G21 G98G28 U0 W0M06 T2M03 S400G00 X12 Z1G76 P031560 Q50 R0.1G76 X9.853 Z-15 P1073 Q100 F1.75G28 U0 W0M05M30

N010 G21 G40 G98N020 G28 U0 W0(Center drillN030 M06 T0101N050 M03 S1500N060 G00 X0 Z3N070 G74 R1N080 G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F30(6mm drillN090 M06 T0303N100 M03 S1500N110 G00 X0 Z3N120 G74 R1N130 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N140 G28 U0 W0(12mm drillN150 N030 M06 T0505N160 M03 S1000N170 G00 X0 Z3

N180 G74 R1N190 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N200 G28 U0 W0(10mm boring barN210 M06 T0707N220 M03 S1200N230 G00 X12 Z2N240 G71 U0.5 R1N250 G71 P260 Q280 U0.2 W0.2 F50N260 G01 X24 Z0N270 G01 X12 Z-13N280 G01 X11N290 G70 P260 Q280 F50N300 G28 U0 W0N310 M05N320 M30

PROGRAM FOR DRILLING AND BORING

N010 G21 G40 G98N020 G28 U0 W0(Center drillN030 M06 T0101N050 M03 S1500N060 G00 X0 Z3N070 G74 R1N080 G74 X0 Z-5 Q500 F30(6mm drillN090 M06 T0303N100 M03 S1500N110 G00 X0 Z3N120 G74 R1N130 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N140 G28 U0 W0(12mm drillN150 N030 M06 T0505N160 M03 S1000N170 G00 X0 Z3

N180 G74 R1N190 G74 X0 Z-20 Q500 F30N200 G28 U0 W0(10mm boring barN210 M06 T0707N220 M03 S1200N230 G00 X12 Z2N240 G71 U0.5 R1N250 G71 P260 Q280 U0.2 W0.2 F50N260 G01 X24 Z0N270 G01 X12 Z-13N280 G01 X11N290 G70 P260 Q280 F50N300 G28 U0 W0N310 M05N320 M30

EXERCISE ON MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLEWRITE A CNC PROGRAM FOR MACHINING THE GIVEN COMPONENT

EXERCISE ON MULTIPLE FACING CYCLEWRITE A CNC PROGRAM FOR MACHINING THE GIVEN COMPONENT

EXERCISE ON GROOVING AND THREADINGWRITE A CNC PROGRAM FOR MACHINING THE GIVEN COMPONENT

5

M12

X 1

.75

155

1X45°Ø6

5

M12

X 1

.75

155

1X45°Ø6

EXERCISE ON MULTIPLE TURNING CYCLEWRITE A CNC PROGRAM FOR MACHINING THE GIVEN COMPONENT

MILLING PROGRAMMING ANDSIMULATION

MILLING PROGRAMMING ANDSIMULATION

File Menu

Options Menu

Dual Edit Option

Full Screen Mode

Graphics Options

View Options

Graphics Speed and Control Panel

Billet Setting

Tool Offset Select Tooling

Important M – Codes for Milling

M00 - Program Stop

M00 waits for EOB (end of program) to be pressed.

M02 - End of Program

M02 halt program execution. The spindle is turned off and the tool moves to the

most positive position on the Z axis.

M03 - Start Spindle

M04 - Reverse Spindle

M05 - Stop Spindle

M06 - Change Tool

M08 - Coolant On

M09 - Coolant Off

M70 - X Mirror On

M71 - Y Mirror On

M80 - X Mirror Off

M81 - Y Mirror Off

M98 - Subprogram Call

M99 - Subprogram Exit

M00 - Program Stop

M00 waits for EOB (end of program) to be pressed.

M02 - End of Program

M02 halt program execution. The spindle is turned off and the tool moves to the

most positive position on the Z axis.

M03 - Start Spindle

M04 - Reverse Spindle

M05 - Stop Spindle

M06 - Change Tool

M08 - Coolant On

M09 - Coolant Off

M70 - X Mirror On

M71 - Y Mirror On

M80 - X Mirror Off

M81 - Y Mirror Off



Important G – Codes for Milling

G00 - Rapid Traverse or fast Traverse

G01 - Linear Interpolation or Slow Traverse

G02 - Clockwise Circular Interpolation

G03 - Counter - Clockwise Circular Interpolation

G04 - Dwell

G20 - Imperial Units

G21 - Metric Units

G28 - Go to Reference Point

G40 - Cancel Tool Radius Compensation

G41 - Left Hand Radius Compensation

G42 - Right Hand Radius Compensation

G73 - Peck Drilling Cycle

G90 - Absolute Movement

G91 - Incremental Movement

G94 - Per Minute Feed

G95 - Per Revolution Feed

G00 - Rapid Traverse or fast Traverse

G01 - Linear Interpolation or Slow Traverse

G02 - Clockwise Circular Interpolation

G03 - Counter - Clockwise Circular Interpolation

G04 - Dwell

G20 - Imperial Units

G21 - Metric Units

G28 - Go to Reference Point

G40 - Cancel Tool Radius Compensation

G41 - Left Hand Radius Compensation

G42 - Right Hand Radius Compensation

G73 - Peck Drilling Cycle

G90 - Absolute Movement

G91 - Incremental Movement

G94 - Per Minute Feed

G95 - Per Revolution Feed

Program using Linear and circular interpolation

O1694

[BILLET X100 Y100 Z10

N010 G21 G94

N020 G91 G28 Z0

N030 G28 X0 Y0

N040 M06 T2

N050 M03 S1200

N060 G90 G00 X-22.5 Y-37.5

N070 G00 Z5

N080 G01 Z-1 F50

N090 G03 X-37.5 Y-22.5 R15

N100 G01 Y22.5

N110 G03 X-22.5 Y37.5 R15

N120 G01 X22.5

N130 G02 X37.5 Y22.5 R15

N140 G01 Y-22.5

N150 G03 X22.5 Y-37.5 R15

N160 G01 X-22.5

O1694

[BILLET X100 Y100 Z10

N010 G21 G94

N020 G91 G28 Z0

N030 G28 X0 Y0

N040 M06 T2

N050 M03 S1200

N060 G90 G00 X-22.5 Y-37.5

N070 G00 Z5

N080 G01 Z-1 F50

N090 G03 X-37.5 Y-22.5 R15

N100 G01 Y22.5

N110 G03 X-22.5 Y37.5 R15

N120 G01 X22.5

N130 G02 X37.5 Y22.5 R15

N140 G01 Y-22.5

N150 G03 X22.5 Y-37.5 R15

N160 G01 X-22.5

N170 G00 Z5

N180 G00 X-15 Y0

N190 G01 Z-1 F50

N200 G03 X15 Y0 R15

N210 G03 X-15 Y0 R15

N220 G00 Z5

N230 M05

N240 G91 G28 Z0

N250 G28 X0 Y0

N260 M30

Deep Hole Peck Drilling Cycle ( G83 )

Syntax:G83 X___ Y___ Z___ Q___ R___ F___ ;

X__ Y__ : defined as the hole position, in absolute or incremental values.

Z__ : Distance from the reference point to the bottom of the hole in incremental

mode, or the position of the hole bottom in absolute mode.

R__ : Reference point in Z direction.

Q__ : defined as the Cut-in distance value or peck value. (Incremental only)

K__ : defined as the number of repeats, for a series of holes. When not specified K=1.

F__ : Feed rate

X__ Y__ : defined as the hole position, in absolute or incremental values.

Z__ : Distance from the reference point to the bottom of the hole in incremental

mode, or the position of the hole bottom in absolute mode.

R__ : Reference point in Z direction.

Q__ : defined as the Cut-in distance value or peck value. (Incremental only)

K__ : defined as the number of repeats, for a series of holes. When not specified K=1.

F__ : Feed rate

Circular Pocketing

G17Ø block,R defines the position of the tool to start cycle ie. 0 (surface of job).P defines roughing/ finishing cycle. (P is 0 for roughing cycle & 1 for finishing)Q defines the peck increment.X defines the pocket centre in X axis.Y defines the pocket centre in Y axis.Z defines the pocket base (depth) from job surface.I defines the side finish allowance.J defines the base finish allowance.K defines the radius of pocket. (Negative value - cut in CCW direction).

G171 block,P defines the cut width percentage.S defines the roughing spindle speed.R defines the roughing Feed in Z.F defines the roughing feed for X and Y.B defines the finishing spindle speed. (Not applicable for roughing only).J defines the finishing feed. (Not applicable for roughing only).

When setting offsets the value R must be included, R being the radius of the cutter.

The direction of the cutter path is controlled by K, a negative value for K means the cutter path is in aCCW direction and if the K value is positive the cutter path is in a CW direction.

The Q value is always positive.

Syntax :

N10 G170 R0 P0 Q3 X0 Y0 Z-6 I0 J0 K-24 ;

N20 G171 P75 S30 R75 F250 B3500 J200 ;

G17Ø block,R defines the position of the tool to start cycle ie. 0 (surface of job).P defines roughing/ finishing cycle. (P is 0 for roughing cycle & 1 for finishing)Q defines the peck increment.X defines the pocket centre in X axis.Y defines the pocket centre in Y axis.Z defines the pocket base (depth) from job surface.I defines the side finish allowance.J defines the base finish allowance.K defines the radius of pocket. (Negative value - cut in CCW direction).

G171 block,P defines the cut width percentage.S defines the roughing spindle speed.R defines the roughing Feed in Z.F defines the roughing feed for X and Y.B defines the finishing spindle speed. (Not applicable for roughing only).J defines the finishing feed. (Not applicable for roughing only).

When setting offsets the value R must be included, R being the radius of the cutter.

The direction of the cutter path is controlled by K, a negative value for K means the cutter path is in aCCW direction and if the K value is positive the cutter path is in a CW direction.

The Q value is always positive.

O 0002 ;

N10 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N20 M06 T01 ;

N30 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z10

N40 M03 S3000;

N50 G01 Z0 F300 ;

N60 G170 R0 P0 Q3 X0 Y0 Z-6 I0 J0 K-24 ;

N70 G171 P75 S3000 R75 F250 B3500 J200 ;

N80 G00 Z25 ;

N90 M05 ;

N100 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N110 M30 ;

Program for Circular Pocketing

O 0002 ;

N10 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N20 M06 T01 ;

N30 G90 G00 X0 Y0 Z10

N40 M03 S3000;

N50 G01 Z0 F300 ;

N60 G170 R0 P0 Q3 X0 Y0 Z-6 I0 J0 K-24 ;

N70 G171 P75 S3000 R75 F250 B3500 J200 ;

N80 G00 Z25 ;

N90 M05 ;

N100 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N110 M30 ;

Rectangular Pocketing

For G172 block,I defines the pocket X length.J defines the pocket Y length.K defines the radius of corner roundness.P defines that 0 = roughing cycle.Q defines the pocket Z increment.R defines the Absolute Z reference point.X defines the pocket corner X (Absolute position relative to the X datum position).Y defines the pocket corner Y (Absolute position relative to the Y datum position).Z defines the absolute Z base of pocket (depth).

For G173 block,I defines the pocket side finishing allowance.K defines the pocket base finishing allowance.P defines the cut width percentage (% of tool dia.).T defines the pocket tool.S defines the spindle speed for roughing.R defines the roughing feed for Z .F defines the roughing feed X and Y .B defines the finishing spindle speed.J defines the finishing feed.Z defines the safety Z position above 'R' point.

Syntax:

N10 G172 I-50 K0 P0 Q3 R0 X-25 Y-25 Z-6

N20 G173 I0 K0 P75 T1 S300 R75 F250 B3500 J200 Z5For G172 block,

I defines the pocket X length.J defines the pocket Y length.K defines the radius of corner roundness.P defines that 0 = roughing cycle.Q defines the pocket Z increment.R defines the Absolute Z reference point.X defines the pocket corner X (Absolute position relative to the X datum position).Y defines the pocket corner Y (Absolute position relative to the Y datum position).Z defines the absolute Z base of pocket (depth).

For G173 block,I defines the pocket side finishing allowance.K defines the pocket base finishing allowance.P defines the cut width percentage (% of tool dia.).T defines the pocket tool.S defines the spindle speed for roughing.R defines the roughing feed for Z .F defines the roughing feed X and Y .B defines the finishing spindle speed.J defines the finishing feed.Z defines the safety Z position above 'R' point.

Program for Rectangular Pocketing

O 0005 ;

N10 G91 G21 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N20 M06 T01 ;

N30 G00 X0 Y0 Z10 S3000 M03 ;

N40 G01 Z0 F300 ;

N50 G172 I-50 K0 P0 Q3 R0 X-25 Y-25 Z-6 ;

N60 G173 I0 K0 P75 T1 S300 R75 F250 B3500 J200 Z5 ;

N70 G00 Z25 M05 ;

N80 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N90 M30 ;

O 0005 ;

N10 G91 G21 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N20 M06 T01 ;

N30 G00 X0 Y0 Z10 S3000 M03 ;

N40 G01 Z0 F300 ;

N50 G172 I-50 K0 P0 Q3 R0 X-25 Y-25 Z-6 ;

N60 G173 I0 K0 P75 T1 S300 R75 F250 B3500 J200 Z5 ;

N70 G00 Z25 M05 ;

N80 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ;

N90 M30 ;

M70 - X Mirror On M70 sets X axis mirroring about the current X axis position.

M71 - Y Mirror On M71 sets Y axis mirroring about the current Y axis position.

M80 - X Mirror Off M80 disables X axis mirroring

M81 - Y Mirror Off M81 disables Y axis mirroring


M98 causes another program to be executed. The "P" value specifies the program number and

the number of times to execute it. The right most 4 digits are the program number. The digits to the left are

the number of repetitions. There can be up to 999 repetitions, if the value is omitted it is called once.

Examples: M98 P12and M98 P10012 both execute CNC program 12 once.


Returns control to the program that called the current program.

If a "P" value is specified then execution begins form the block with the same "N" number, otherwise it is

form the block after the subprogram call.

If an M99 is specified in the main program then the execution is from the start of the program. This is

called looping (or) nesting of one or more programs

Example: M99 - Returns to the block following the call.M99 P10 - Returns to the block with "N" value 10.

Sub-program call and Mirroring

M70 - X Mirror On M70 sets X axis mirroring about the current X axis position.

M71 - Y Mirror On M71 sets Y axis mirroring about the current Y axis position.

M80 - X Mirror Off M80 disables X axis mirroring

M81 - Y Mirror Off M81 disables Y axis mirroring


M98 causes another program to be executed. The "P" value specifies the program number and

the number of times to execute it. The right most 4 digits are the program number. The digits to the left are

the number of repetitions. There can be up to 999 repetitions, if the value is omitted it is called once.

Examples: M98 P12and M98 P10012 both execute CNC program 12 once.


Returns control to the program that called the current program.

If a "P" value is specified then execution begins form the block with the same "N" number, otherwise it is

form the block after the subprogram call.

If an M99 is specified in the main program then the execution is from the start of the program. This is

called looping (or) nesting of one or more programs

Example: M99 - Returns to the block following the call.M99 P10 - Returns to the block with "N" value 10.

[BILLET X100 Y100 X10

N010 G21 G94

N020 G91 G28 Z0

N030 G28 X0 Y0

N040 M06 T2

N050 M03 S1800

N060 G90 G00 X0 Y0

N070 G00 Z5

N080 M98 P10008

N090 M70

N100 M98 P10008

N110 M80

N120 M70

N130 M71

N140 M98 P10008

N150 M80

N160 M81

N170 M71

N180 M98 P10008

N190 M81

N200 G00 Z5

N210 M05

N220 G91 G28 Z0

N230 G28 X0 Y0

N240 M30

Program by Mirroring Option

[BILLET X100 Y100 X10

N010 G21 G94

N020 G91 G28 Z0

N030 G28 X0 Y0

N040 M06 T2

N050 M03 S1800

N060 G90 G00 X0 Y0

N070 G00 Z5

N080 M98 P10008

N090 M70

N100 M98 P10008

N110 M80

N120 M70

N130 M71

N140 M98 P10008

N150 M80

N160 M81

N170 M71

N180 M98 P10008

N190 M81

N200 G00 Z5

N210 M05

N220 G91 G28 Z0

N230 G28 X0 Y0

N240 M30

O 0008 Subprogram

N010 G90 G00 X10 Y10

N020 G01 Z -1 F50

N030 X40

N040 X10 Y40

N050 Y10

N060 G00 Z6

N070 G00 X0 Y0

N080 M99

EXERCISE ON CONTOUR MILLING

EXERCISE ON CONTOUR MILLING AND CIRCULAR POCKETING

EXERCISE ON CONTOUR MILLING AND RECTANGULAR POCKETING

EXERCISE ON MIRRORING

Cnctrainprest 2014 Final PDF

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