Climate Change and the Viet Nam Coffee Sector An Introduction.

Climate Change and the Viet Nam Coffee SectorAn Introduction

Climate Change and the Viet Nam Coffee Sector

Key Questions:• What is climate change?• Which impacts has climate change caused?• What are the impacts on coffee?• What are expected impacts of climate change

for Viet Nam?• What are the consequences for Vietnamese

coffee production?

What is climate change?

Definition:Any significant change in measures of climate,

such as temperature or precipitation, lasting for an extended period of time, typically decades (official IPCC definition)

Cause of climate change

• Increased emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, oxides of nitrogen

• These extra molecules stay in the atmosphere• They absorb more heat• So the air temperature increases – called the

greenhouse effect• The increase in temperature also affects

rainfall amounts and distribution

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

GHG

Which impacts has climate change caused? Drought

USA

China

Africa

Which impacts has climate change caused? Flooding

Thailand (Honda car factory) India

Which impacts has climate change caused? Storm

Joplin, Missouri, USA

Before tornado

After tornado

Which impacts has climate change caused?

• Increase in global temperature• Changes in precipitation patterns• More extreme weather events• Warming of poles and loss of sea

ice = rising sea levels• Warming of oceans• Melting of glaciers

California USA

What are impacts on agriculture?

• High temperatures – direct stress to plants– soil dries out quicker– some pests and diseases get worse

• Rainfall – Too much; storm damage, flooding– Too little; drought– Change in distribution; comes at the wrong time

What are impacts on coffee?

Increase in temperature:• Flower abortion with high maximum temperatures• Increases in pest and disease incidents• Ripening speeds up, affects weight & quality• Soil dries out

Change in precipitations patterns / extreme weather events:• Irregular rain during the harvest season affects drying• Irregular rain affects flowering, fruit set• Strong rains cause landslides, soil erosion• Strong winds damage trees• Drought affects trees and yield

What are perceived impacts of coffee producers?

• Increase in pests and diseases

• Water scarcity• Extended drought periods• Drying of springs and

streams• Degraded soils / landslides• Increase in floods • Poor yields

Bududa, Uganda, Africa

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