1 1 Reaction Mechanisms of Surrogate Fuels C. K. Law, Princeton University Fuels Summit September 8-10, 2008 Topics of Presentation : 1. Flame speed determination in counterflow 2. Flame speed determination in propagating spherical flame 3. Reduced mechanisms
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Reaction Mechanisms of Surrogate Fuels
C. K. Law, Princeton University
Fuels SummitSeptember 8-10, 2008
Topics of Presentation:1. Flame speed determination in counterflow2. Flame speed determination in propagating
spherical flame3. Reduced mechanisms
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1. Determination of Laminar Flame Speeds using the Counterflow
(n-Heptane)
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Schematic of Counterflow Apparatus
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Mechanism Validation
10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Tem
pera
ture
, K
Residence Time, s
p = 1 atmφ = 1.0
10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100
1500
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2500
0.5
0.7
Tem
pera
ture
, K
Residence Time, s
Methyl Decanoate - AirPSRp = 1 atmT0 = 300K
φ = 1.0
Auto-Ignition PSR
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Summary• Laminar flame speeds measured:
– n-Heptane in the counterflow– n-Pentane in the high-pressure bomb
• Considerable development of the high-pressure bomb technique for experimentation with large hydrocarbons– Fuel pre-vaporization and mixing – Ignition transient & complex flame dynamics– Chamber confinement and asymmetry– Linear vs. nonlinear extrapolation
• Suite of methods developed for reduction of size and stiffness of large mechanisms
• Ready for production mode?– Further improvement of experimental technique– Need guidance on experimental matrix
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Thank You!
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Backup Slides
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Operating Limits of Experimentation by Liquid Fuel Condensation
0.5 1 1.5 2300
320
340
360
380
400
3 atm4 atm5 atm
10 atm15 atm20 atm30 atm
40 atm50 atm
φ
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
n-Octane
0.5 1 1.5 2300
320
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3 atm5 atm
10 atm15 atm20 atm30 atm40 atm50 atm
φ
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
n-Heptane
0.5 1 1.5 2300
320
340
360
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400
10 atm15 atm20 atm
30 atm40 atm50 atm
φ
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
n-Hexane
0.5 1 1.5 2300
320
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360
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400
20 atm30 atm40 atm50 atm
φ
Tem
pera
ture
(K)
n-Pentane
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Comparisons
• Need to add comparison to Professor Wang’s mechanism
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