CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER 2 properties of matter PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - are characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance CHEMICAL PROPERTIES- describes a substances ability to change into different substance.PHASES OF MATTER -- PHASE are the different states by which matter could exist; there are four phases of matter ,,the SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMASOLiD

Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.

Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Heat AMORPHOUS SOLID

--- solid that lose their shape under certain conditions. --- it can also be thought as a slowly moving liquid.LIQUIDParticles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another.

Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.

Heat VISCOSITY

-- the resistance of the fluid to flowGASParticles of gases are very far apart and move freely.

Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

Heat BOYLES LAW

-- states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely with the pressure of the gas .PV = P1V1

CHARLES LAW

--the volume of the fix amount of gas varies directly with the temperature of the gas.FORMULA: V1/T1 = V2/T2

A sample of gas occupies 3.5 L at 300 K. What volume will it occupy at 200 K?

V1 = 3.5 L, T1 = 300K, V2 = ?, T2 = 200KUsing Charles law: V1/T1 = V2/T23.5 L / 300 K = V2 / 200 KV2 = (3.5 L/300 K) x (200 K) = 2.3 LFor more lessons, visit www.chalkbored.com

But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levelsbetween 1000C and 1,000,000,000C ?Will everything just be a gas?PLASMAA plasma is an ionized gas.A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.

Plasma is the common state of matter

SOLIDLIQUIDGASPLASMATightly packed, in a regular patternVibrate, but do not move from place to placeClose together with no regular arrangement.Vibrate, move about, and slide past each otherWell separated with no regular arrangement.Vibrate and move freely at high speedsHas no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

Some places where plasmas are found1. Flames

2. Lightning

3. Aurora (Northern Lights)

The Sun is an example of a star in its plasma state

PHASE CHaNGEMELTiNG -- change of solid into liquidFREEZiNG -- change of liquid to solid.EVAPORATION-- change of liquid to gas.CONDENSATION -- if a substance in the gas phase loses heat energy, it changes into liquid.SUBLIMATION -- solid change not only into liquid but also into gas.CLASSES OFMATTERPURE SUBSTANCE -- substance in which all particles are alike. -- it has two kinds namely: ELEMENT COMPOUND ELEMENTSthe simplest pure substance.it is made up of a smallest particle called ATOM.

COMPOUND pure substance that are made up of one or more than one element it is made up of MOLECULES

MIXTURE is a matter that consists of two or more substance mixed together but are not chemically combined.

homogeneous appears to be the same throughout or well mixed. it could be of two types:-- colloids-- solutions

COLLOIDS relatively large in size and are permanently suspended.TYPES OF COLLOIDS

NAMEEXAMPLEFOGCLOUDSFOAMWHIPPED CREAMGELBUTTERSOLUTION has a substance that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolvingTYPES OF SOLUTION

SOLUTESOLVENTEXAMPLESOLIDLIQUIDSALT IN A GLASS OF WATERGASGASAIR(OXYGEN IN NITROGEN)HETEROGENEOUS does not appear to be the same throughout. Two particles can be identified in this kind of mixture.CAN YOU IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING ?Element, Compound, or Mixture?Jelly Beans

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Jelly Beans

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Diamond

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Diamond

CElement, Compound, or Mixture?Salad

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Salad

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Pure Water

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Pure Water

H2OElement, Compound, or Mixture?Aluminum

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Aluminum

AlElement, Compound, or Mixture?Lemonade

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Lemonade

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Tea

Element, CompoundElement, Compound, or Mixture?Tea

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Table Sugar

Element, Compound, or Mixture?Table Sugar

C12H22O11