Classification and main Classification and main characteristics of heavy fuel oils characteristics of heavy fuel oils Ronan Jézéquel Ronan Jézéquel Cedre Cedre Very Heavy Fuel Oil Workshop 29-30 November 2006 - Brest - France
Aug 09, 2015
Classification and main Classification and main
characteristics of heavy fuel oilscharacteristics of heavy fuel oils
Ronan JézéquelRonan JézéquelCedreCedre
Very Heavy Fuel Oil Workshop29-30 November 2006 - Brest - France
HEAVY FUEL OILS:HEAVY FUEL OILS:
WHAT THEY ARE ?WHAT THEY ARE ?
Crude(s) oil(s)
FIOUL FIOUL FIOUL FIOUL
LOURDLOURDLOURDLOURD
HFOHFOHFOHFO
Atmospheric distillation
distillate
Gases+
Naphta
Gas oil
Atmospheric residue
VisbreakingVisbreaker
gas oil
Gases Visbreaker distillate
Visbreaker residue
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Gases
FCC distillate
Light Cycle Oil
Heavy Cycle Oil
Lubricants unit
asphalt
Waxes
Lubricants
Vacuum distillation
Gas
es
Vacuum residue
Hea
vy V
acuu
m
gas
oil
HFO blend various HFO blend various residuesresidues
Distillation process = Straight Run
Conversion process = Cracking
HFO blend various HFO blend various residues residues withwith variousvarious distillatesdistillates
Distillation process = Straight Run
Conversion process = Cracking
FIOUL FIOUL FIOUL FIOUL
LOURDLOURDLOURDLOURD
HFOHFOHFOHFO
Atmospheric distillation
distillate
Gases+
Naphta
Gas oil
Atmospheric residue
Visbreaker gas oil
Gases Visbreaker distillate
Visbreaker residue
Gases
FCC distillate
Light Cycle Oil
Heavy Cycle Oil
Lubricants unit
asphalt
Waxes
Lubricants
Vacuum distillation
Gas
es
Vacuum residue
Hea
vy V
acu
um
g
as o
il
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Visbreaking
Crude(s) oil(s)
Residuesfrom distillation processes
from conversion processes
Distillates (cutter stock) from distillation processes
from conversion processes
Small Amount of cutter stock add to residues in order to achievSmall Amount of cutter stock add to residues in order to achieve the e the commercial requirements: commercial requirements:
�� viscosity mainlyviscosity mainly
Heavy Fuel Oil
Chemical composition of HFO depend on:Chemical composition of HFO depend on:�� chemical composition of crude(s) oil(s)chemical composition of crude(s) oil(s)�� nature and number of refinery processnature and number of refinery process�� commercial requirementscommercial requirements
Properties of Heavy Fuel OilProperties of Heavy Fuel Oil
Rather than typical values, HFO properties have to achieve maxima values principally for :
other properties (needed for the purchaser)
� density
� viscosity (cSt) @ 50°C or 100°C
� flash point
� sulfur content
� pour point� ash, asphaltene, vanadium, aluminium content� calorific value
HFOAtmospheric distillation
distillate
Gases+
Naphta
Gas oil
Atmospheric residue
Visbreaker gas oil
Gases Visbreaker distillate
Visbreaker residue
Gases
FCC distillate
Light Cycle Oil
Heavy Cycle Oil
Lubricants unit
asphalt
Waxes
Lubricants
Vacuum distillation
Gas
es
Vacuum residue
He
avy
Vac
uu
m
gas
oil
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Visbreaking
Atmospheric distillation
distillate
Gases+
Naphta
Gas oil
Atmospheric residue
Visbreaker gas oil
Gases Visbreaker distillate
Visbreaker residue
Gases
FCC distillate
Light Cycle Oil
Heavy Cycle Oil
Lubricants unit
asphalt
Waxes
Lubricants
Vacuum distillation
Gas
es
Vacuum residue
He
avy
Vac
uu
m
gas
oil
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Visbreaking
HEAVY FUEL OILS: HEAVY FUEL OILS:
Different classifications for different usesDifferent classifications for different uses
Residual Burner Fuel Oils Residual Burner Fuel Oils (RFO)(RFO)
Thermal and Power Plant
Marine Bunker Fuel OilsMarine Bunker Fuel Oils
Ships
Residual Burner Fuel Oils classificationsResidual Burner Fuel Oils classifications
� British classification (BS 2869):� Light Fuel Oil (E)� Medium Fuel Oil (F)� Heavy Fuel Oil (G)
Main parameter of classification
viscosity
� Russian classification (GOST- 10585-99):� M-40� M-100
viscosity
� US classification (ASTM D396-80):� N°5 Fuel Oil� N°6 Fuel Oil
viscosity
� French classification (AFNOR):� Fioul Lourd TBTS� Fioul Lourd BTS� Fioul Lourd HTS
Sulfur content
Marine Bunker Fuel Oils classificationsMarine Bunker Fuel Oils classifications
IFO (Intermediate Fuel Oil) grades
�� Based on Viscosity (Based on Viscosity (cStcSt) at 50ºC) at 50ºC
�� 14 grades from IFO14 grades from IFO--30 to IFO30 to IFO--460 available (IFO460 available (IFO--500; IFO 700)500; IFO 700)
�� Most ‘popular’ are IFOMost ‘popular’ are IFO--180 and IFO180 and IFO--380380
International (ISO) bunker fuel oil grades (ISO 8217:2005)
�� Based on Viscosity (Based on Viscosity (cStcSt) at 50ºC ) at 50ºC (instead of 100°C)(instead of 100°C)
�� 10 grades from RM10 grades from RM--30 to RM30 to RM--700 available 700 available (instead of 15 grades)(instead of 15 grades)
�� Additional letter is added to differentiate HFO with same viscosAdditional letter is added to differentiate HFO with same viscosity ity according to various parameter according to various parameter (density, vanadium content, carbon residue, ...)(density, vanadium content, carbon residue, ...)
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
ProspectsProspects
4 different Simulated distillation chromatograms of 4 different HFOs nevertheless classified in the same category.
THANK YOU FOR THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION !!YOUR ATTENTION !!
Classification and main Classification and main
characteristics of heavy fuel oilscharacteristics of heavy fuel oils
Ronan JézéquelRonan JézéquelCedreCedre
Very Heavy Fuel Oil Workshop29-30 November 2006 - Brest –France