Civil Rights Movement Movement For Racial Equality In The U.S……through Nonviolent Protest. The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Civil Rights movement.

Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement

Movement For Racial Equality In The U.S……through Nonviolent Protest.

The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s …….SOL VUS.14a

Still 2nd class citizens

At the end of the W.W.II Black Americans

expected equal Treatment.

They were determined to improve their status.

Truman desegregates the military in 1948 by executive order.

1896 Plessy v. Ferguson

• Established SEPARATE BUT EQUAL.

• Jim Crow laws segregated the South.

1954- Brown overturns Plessy!!

• Declared segregation of public schools unconstitutional.

• Violated the 14th amendment-equal protection clause.

The Little Rock Nine attend Central High, protected by United States Army troops sent by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Lawyer Thurgood Marshall and civil rights activist Daisy Bates join several members of the "Little Rock Nine", the first students to integrate Central High School.

•

Senator Harry Flood Byrd of VA

launched Massive Resistance.

"If we can organize the Southern States for massive resistance to this order I think that in time the rest of the country will realize that racial integration is not going to be accepted in the South."

Virginia responds to Brown

• Massive Resistance- Disobeyed the ruling

Closing some schoolsSet up Private

academies“White Flight” from

urban systems.

Oliver W. Hill: A Civil Rights Lawyer from VA

Hill- NAACP Legal

Defense Team in

Virginia during the

Brown Case.

Thurgood Marshall-

NAACP Lawyer argued

the Brown Case before

the Supreme Court.

This organization challenged segregation in the courts and demanded equal rights for Black Americans.

Rosa Parks

1955 -The Montgomery bus boycott was the first large scale protest for Civil Rights. Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led the protest and used nonviolent resistance to achieve equality and desegregation on buses.

"There comes a time when people get tired of being kicked around by the

iron feet of oppression."

Defeating Discrimination

Opposing Viewpoints

Dr. King preached non-violence.

Malcolm X urgedBlacks to fight back

when attacked.

MALCOLM X (1925-1965)

Civil Rights Leader

BLACK POWER MOVEMENT

Stokely Carmichael Leader of the Black PowerMovement.

Pride &

Leadership

Sit-Ins 1960 Sit-ins - In Greensboro, North Carolina, four

black college students sat at a segregated lunch

counter. Local police officers arrested the students.

The four North Carolina A & T students attempted to desegregate a Woolworth’s lunch counter.

Freedom Riders

• In 1961, an interracial group of CORE members and college students from the North traveled by bus down South to test the effectiveness of a 1960 Supreme Court decision which prohibited racial segregation in public places.

• In Alabama, the Freedom Riders were attacked and badly beaten.

1963 March on Washington

I HAVE A DREAM!!

The march helped influencepublic opinion to support civil rights laws.

The power of nonviolent protests.

April-May 1963“Project C”- Challenged the system of

segregation in Birmingham, Alabama

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. sits in a Birmingham Jail.

In 1963, Rev. Martin Luther King eulogized these four young girls as angels after they died in the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist church.

JFK and Civil Rights Kennedy was concerned with maintaining

the support of Southern Democrats, but

events like the sit-ins, freedom rides, and

the Birmingham bombings eventually forced

him to send a Civil Rights Bill to Congress.

“ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you

can do for your country”?

LBJ: The Great Society

Tried to Make

America aBetter place.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Passed by Pres. Johnson• Prohibited segregation in public places

24th Amendment-1964Banned Poll Tax

Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Outlawed Literacy Tests

• Opened the door for a flood of Black voters in the South

1968 A TUMULTUOUS YEAR

Martin Luther King Jr. isAssassinated by James Earl Ray

in Memphis Tennessee.

Robert Kennedy isAssassinated.

*In the aftermath of Dr. King’s death a radical movement began. *The Black Panthers accused the Police of brutality & racism.

Black Panther Party

Jim Crow’s LegacyYet the legacy of Jim Crow is a powerful

one. Despite decades of progress and

equality in the eyes of the law, few would

argue that ours is a truly color-blind society.

The many differences

between now and the

Jim Crow era are

striking; in some cases,

so are the parallels.

Signs of Progress

Attorney General Eric Holder

1st Black on the Supreme Court Thurgood Marshall

Sec. State-Condoleezza Rice

Sec. of State Colin Powell

VA Congressman Bobby Scott

Baltimore Mayor -Sheila Dixon

New York Governor David PatersonCongresswoman-

Sheila Jackson Lee

END OF

PRESENTATION

1968 Summer Olympics

Tommie Smith and

John Carlos bring

world-wide attention to

America's Civil Rights

Movement

Fannie Lou Hammer(1917-1977)

Civil Rights & Voting

Rights Activist from

Mississippi.

"I Wish I Knew How It Would Feel to be Free”